Effect of lupin grain and recently cut lucerne on intake and digestibility of mature weathered herbage by Border Leicester × Merino ewes

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (97) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Roberts ◽  
PA Kenney ◽  
JL Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Supplement Intake

The effect of lupin grain and freshly cut lucerne supplements on the ad libitum intake of mature, weathered herbage (Lolium rigidum and Trifolium subterraneum) by fourteen Border Leicester x Merino ewes was examined. There were seven treatments: in six, each supplement was fed separately at three rates between 190 and 750 g ewe-1 day-1. and in one, no supplement was fed. There were two replicates : one of ewes with high, and the other with low, ad libitum intake. Treatments were imposed for three weeks, and for analysis, data for an individual ewe were related to data collected during two periods of three weeks before and after the experimental period. Apparent digestibilities of DM of herbage, lucerne, and lupins were 50, 60 and 88%, respectively, and were not affected by different rates of supplement fed. Ad libitum intake of herbage at 0 and 200 g ewe-l day-1 of supplement intake was similar. At supplements above 200 g ewe-1 day-1, intake of herbage decreased by 40 and 61 g DM for each 100 g DM increase in supplement consumed by high and low intake ewes, respectively. Liveweights increased by 100 g for every 250 g DM of supplement consumed. It was concluded that the effect of feeding ewes lupin grain on consumption and digestion of roughage was unlikely, by itself, to be responsible for improvements in reproduction observed in ewes fed a supplement of lupin grain.

Supplemental skim milk before and after weaning improves growth performance of pigs

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Dunshea ◽  
D. J. Kerton ◽  
P. J. Eason ◽  
R. H. King
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Large White ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pelleted Feed ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Milk Feeding

Twelve Large White × Landrace sows nursing litters of 6 boars and 6 gilts were used in this study. Six litters suckled the sow only, whereas the other 6 litters received supplemental liquid skim milk (200 g/L) ad libitum from Day 10 until Day 20. On Day 20 the 4 heaviest pigs of each sex were allocated to 2 pairs and were weaned. Each pair was offered either pelleted or pelleted plus liquid feed. For the first 2 days post-weaning, each pair of liquid-supplemented pigs received liquid skim milk (250 g/L). On Day 23, pelleted feed was added to the milk. The ratio of liquid to pelleted feed was adjusted daily until, on Day 28, pigs were provided with pelleted feed only until 41 days of age. Supplemental skim milk increased growth (223 v. 291 g/day, P < 0.001) between Days 10 and 20 of age so that by weaning supplemented pigs were 10% (6.13 v. 6.74 kg, P = 0.038) heavier than unsupplemented pigs. Skim milk intake increased linearly from 190 to 600 g/day per pig over the 10 days of supplementation. Supplemental milk feeding did not alter sow liveweight change (−31.9 v. −30.3 kg for sows nursing litters with and without supplementation, respectively, P = 0.894) or change in P2 backfat thickness (−5.3 v. −4.2 mm, P = 0.279) between farrowing and Day 20 of age. Pigs weaned onto skim milk and pellets ate more (257 v. 30 g dry matter (DM)/day, P < 0.001) and grew better (213 v. −151 g/day, P < 0.001) over the first 2 days post-weaning than pigs weaned onto only pellets. Piglets provided with liquid feed after weaning continued to grow faster beyond Day 22, resulting in the benefit of weaning onto liquid feed being maintained until at least 41 days of age (14.1 v. 12.8 kg, P < 0.001). In conclusion, skim milk feeding before and after weaning can result in cumulative improvements in growth performance in the nursery.

Effect of the liveweight of caged sheep and the amount of feed on offer on estimates of digestibility and ad libitum intake

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 656 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Jeffery
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Cent Increase ◽  
Kikuyu Grass ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Three experiments were conducted in which the amount of feed offered to caged sheep was varied. Fresh kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) was fed in one experiment and hays in the other two. Within each experiment a significant correlation between dry matter digestibility and liveweight occurred; no differences were detected between the slopes found with the various diets (slope = 0.34 per cent increase in digestibility per kg liveweight). Up to 60 per cent more kikuyu grass was offered to sheep than they could consume. Over this range a significant positive correlation was found between the ratio of the unconsumed to consumed feed and digestibility. This result indicates that great care should be exercised if the results of sheep digestibility experiments are used to interpret field data.

scholarly journals Effects of intensity and duration of quantitative restriction of feed on broiler performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. JAHANPOUR ◽  
A. SEIDAVI ◽  
A. A. QOTBI
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Restriction Method ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Experimental Treatments

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of physical feed restriction method with different intensity and duration on broiler performance. One hundred and fifty Ross-breed 308 male broiler chicks in a completely randomized design were divided into five experimental treatments. The treatments included physical limitations by 25% or 50% of recommended amount on feed of broilers in two periods of 7 or 14 days. One control group was used fed ad libitum. Each limitation’s severity level was applied in τηρεε replications of 10 birds. All experimental treatments before and after the limitation period until slaughter (day 42) were fed ad libitum. The results showed that in total period broilers under the physical limitation of feed had significantly lower feed intake than controls (P < 0.05). In this research, methods and levels of physical restriction intensity and duration of feed had no significant effect on body weight for the whole experimental period. Methods and levels of food restriction severity and duration had significant effect on feed efficiency (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals 160 Can growth performance, digesta characteristics, and oxidative status of swine fed diets high in insoluble fiber be improved? An investigation into the mode of action of xylanase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Amy L Petry ◽  
Nichole F Huntley ◽  
Mike R Bedford ◽  
John F Patience
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

Abstract Xylanase may improve the utilization of insoluble fiber by the pig, but its mode of action (MOA) is incompletely understood. The experimental objective was to investigate xylanase MOA in vivo in growing pigs fed a diet higher in insoluble fiber. Sixty gilts (n = 15 pigs/treatment; 25.43 ± 0.88 kg BW; L337 X Camborough, PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were blocked by weight, housed individually, and randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments: a low-fiber control (LF; NDF=8.45%), a 30% corn bran higher-fiber control (HF; NDF=24.5%), HF + 100 mg xylanase/kg (HF+XY; Econase XT 25P; AB Vista, Marlborough, UK), and HF + 50 mg arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide/kg (HF+AX; 3–7 degrees of polymerization). Gilts were fed ad libitum for 36 d, followed by a 10-d period of being limit fed (80% of average ad libitum intake) and housed in metabolism crates for use in a related study. Pigs and feeders were weighed on d 0 and 36. On d 46, pigs were necropsied and ileal, cecal, and colonic digesta pH were measured; serum was collected for malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) analysis. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED (SAS; 9.4) as a randomized complete block design with pig as the experimental unit, block and replicate as random effects, and treatment as a fixed effect. Insoluble fiber reduced ADG (858 vs. 698 g/d; LF vs. HF, P < 0.001) and GF (0.433 vs. 0.353; LF vs. HF, P < 0.001), but not ADFI (P > 0.05). Xylanase, but not arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide, when compared to HF, improved ADG (762 vs. 698 g/d; P < 0.05), GF (0.382 vs. 0.353; P < 0.05), and final BW (P < 0.05). Cecal and colonic pH did not differ (P > 0.05), but LF and HF+XY reduced ileal pH (P < 0.05). Xylanase supplementation increased serum TAC (P < 0.05), and tended to reduce MDA (P = 0.098). In conclusion, xylanase supplementation improved insoluble fiber utilization. The MOA could include mitigation of reactive oxygen species.

Skin folds and Merino breeding. 9. Efficiency of conversion of food to wool

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Robards ◽  
CH Davis ◽  
DG Saville
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding ◽  
Reduced Surface

This paper reports a study of the efficiency of wool production, liveweight change and ad libitum intake of 60 hogget ewes from flocks selected for 15 years for skin wrinkle (Folds Plus), against skin wrinkle (Folds Minus) and randomly selected as a control (Random). Initially, under restricted feeding ewes from each genetic flock consumed 594, 750, 951 or 1097 g DM day-1 of a lucerne pellet ration. The mean efficiency of clean wool production of Folds Minus ewes (8.47 g CW/kg D.M.I.) was less (P < 0.05) than that of either Random (9.38) or Folds Plus (10.18) ewes, which did not differ significantly. During the following ad libitum feeding period, the Folds Minus ewes again produced less wool than either of the other groups and their wool production was less efficient even though they consumed significantly less feed than either Random or Folds Plus ewes. The significant difference in intake between Random and Folds Minus ewes remained when the n takes were corrected for liveweight (kg), metabolic body size (kg0.73) or surface area based on liveweight alone (kg0.67). However, when fold score (FS) was included in the surface area estimate as LW0.67 + FS0.2 the intake difference between flocks became very small. The experimental results and components analyses of the pre- and post-shearing data showed that selection for skin fold had not changed wool growth rate or efficiency of wool production, but had reduced staple length. On the other hand, the lower wool production of Folds Minus ewes was due to both reduced surface area and lower wool production per unit area.

Life span of mice fed enriched or restricted diets during growth

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Silberberg ◽  
Susan R. Jarrett ◽  
Martin Silberberg
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Life Consumption

Longevity was studied in male mice of the inbred strain C57BL Jax 6 fed during the period of growth a stock diet enriched with 25% lard or the stock diet restricted to two-thirds of the ad libitum intake. The findings were compared with those obtained in controls kept on the stock diet ad libitum through life. Consumption of the fat-enriched diet ad libitum significantly lowered juvenile mortality and correspondingly increased the mean life span of mice thus fed. Underfeeding, on the other hand, significantly increased juvenile mortality and thus decreased the mean life span of the animals irrespective of whether they had been underfed jointly or individually. Mice underfed in groups retained a high mortality even beyond the period of growth. However, the life span of all other mice, once they had reached adulthood (200 days of age), was not affected by the changes in dietary regimen during growth; their mean life spans and the maximum ages reached were not significantly different from one another.

Some effects of cutting for hay on production of irrigated annual pastures in the following year

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
LF Myers ◽  
VR Squires
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Wimmera Ryegrass

The effects of mowing irrigated annual pastures (Wimmera ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaud., and subterranean clover, Trifolium subterraneum L.) in spring for hay and of the removal of dry residues in summer were assessed by combining the operations factorially on two sites, one grass dominant, the other clover dominant. For the grass dominant sward winter yields of grass and clover in the season following mid-October mowing were respectively reduced to 43 per cent and 71 per cent of the uncut controls. In the same experiment, yields of surface seed were reduced to 24 per cent of the uncut controls. Winter yields of the clover dominant pastures were not significantly depressed except by mowing late in October. Spring yields of all treatments were similar. The tolerance of subterranean clover to cutting is discussed in relation to seed yield and the germination of above- and below-surface seed.

EFFECT OF FEEDING VOMITOXIN-CONTAMINATED WHEAT TO PIGS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
H. L. TRENHOLM ◽  
J. I. ELLIOT ◽  
K. E. HARTIN ◽  
B. K. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Postmortem Examinations ◽  
Grower Diet ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Two groups each of three gilts (39 ± 4 kg) were given ad libitum a diet containing 70% vomitoxin-contaminated (1 ppm) wheat (V) and two other groups (controls) the same diet with 70% clean wheat (C). Similarly, for 18 gilts (75 ± 4 kg), two groups were given diet C, two diet V and two groups diet CV containing 35% contaminated and 35% clean wheat. Pigs fed diet V lost weight during the first few days and their weight was less than that of the C pigs; the effect was less pronounced for the CV pigs. Intakes of diets V and CV declined initially then improved; variation in response indicated individual differences in tolerance level during the 21-day experiments. Fifty-six pigs (43 ± 6 kg) were allocated to seven diets and by two sexes in four replicates. Dietary treatments were 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 100% vomitoxin-contaminated (1 ppm) wheat in a grower diet with a corn-based diet acting as positive control. There was a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in feed intake with increasing vomitoxin level; weight gains differed significantly in the first week but the differences were not maintained over the 7-wk experimental period. A similar experiment with 56 younger (21 ± 2 kg) pigs for a 4-wk feeding period gave differences in feed intake and weight gain which were not significant; although, differences in gain reached significance (P < 0.05) when positive control data were excluded. Postmortem examinations were undertaken for pigs in all but the first experiment; some discoloration of the stomach and large intestine suggested differences among diets, but none was significant. Key words; Vomitoxin, wheat, pigs, feeding

scholarly journals Entansif Besideki Kuzuların Bazı Besi Performansına Kırkımın Etkisi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Ali Karabacak ◽  
Yasin Altay
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Awassi Lambs

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of shearing on fattening performance characteristics of Akkaraman and Awassi lambs that were fattened intensively. 10 Akkaraman and 8 Awassi male lambs were used in the study. During the fattening period, the animals were given 150 g of dried alfalfa and concentrated feed ad-libitum. In the study, Akkaraman and Awassi lambs were divided into two experimental groups as shearing and non-shearing. The total weight gains, daily live weight gains, feed consumptions and feed conservation coefficients of lambs before and after shearing were 8.017 kg, 286 g, 47.14 kg and 5.945 and 8.606 kg, 307 g, 42.21 kg and 5.029, respectively. On the other hand, total live weight gain of lambs without shearing was 7.802 kg, daily live weight gain was 279 g, feed consumption was 42.06 kg and feed conservation coefficient were 6.00. As a result of the study, the differences between some fattening performance means of shearing and non-shearing groups were statistically insignificant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document