Ecological studies of root-nodule bacteria introduced into field environments. 4. Symbiotic properties of Rhizobium japonicum and competitive success in nodulation of two Glycine max cultivars by effective and ineffective strains

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (81) ◽  
pp. 514 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Diatloff ◽  
J Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Competitive Success ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Strain Interaction ◽  
Symbiotic Properties

Rhizobium japonicum strain evaluation experiments with soybean (Glycine max) confirmed that strain CB1809 was ineffective in nitrogen fixation with the related cultivars Hardee and Geduld but was highly effective with cv. Hampton. There were no major symbiotic differences between the cultivars with other strains. Three strains including CB1809 were used, singly, in pairs, or all together, as inocula for Hardee and Hampton in competition studies in the field. The ratio of strains recovered from nodules was used as an index of competitive success. A few nodules contained more than one strain. There was a marked host x strain interaction in nodulating competitiveness related to symbiotic effectiveness, the order of competitive success being CB1809 > CC709 > CB1795 for Hampton and CC709 > CB1795 > CB1809 for Hardee. With Hardee, strain CB1809, although unsuccessful itself in forming nodules in the presence of the other inocula, appeared to suppress nodule formation by those strains. Nodulation by CB1795 in the presence of CB1809 was suppressed to such an extent that plant growth was retarded and not different from that of uninoculated control plants, although CB1795 alone nodulated Hardee abundantly and effectively. There was no evidence that naturally-occurring ineffective R. japonicum posed any competitive threat to the nodulating ability of effective inoculant strains.

Ecological studies of root-nodule bacteria introduced into field environments. II. Initial competition between seed inocula in the nodulation of Trifolium subterraneum L. seedlings

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Brockwell ◽  
WF Dudman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Clover Seed ◽  
Legume Inoculants

The ability of three strains of Rhizobium trifolii used in legume inoculants to form nodules on inoculated Trifolium subterraneum L. was examined in field experiments on a soil containing a large natural population of clover rhizobia. The identity of cultures isolated from nodules on young seedlings was established by a gel immune diffusion technique. When a mixture of broth and peat inocula was applied to seed, a large proportion of nodules was attributable to peat-borne rhizobia. In competition with the natural population in the production of nodules on the roots of the host legume, strain WA67 = TA1 > UNZ29. In competition with each other as well as with the naturally occurring rhizobia, WA67 > TAI > UNZ29. The significance of the findings in relation to the persistence in soil of Rhizobium strains applied as inoculant to clover seed is discussed.

The root-nodule bacteria as factors in clover establishment in the red basaltic soils of the Lismore district, NSW. II. Survival and success of inocula in laboratory trials.

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Vincent ◽  
LM Waters
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Reasonable Degree ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Serological Identification ◽  
Small Rise ◽  
Basaltic Soils ◽  
Native Strains

Plant growth, nature of nodulation, and serological identification of cultures isolated from nodules have been used to determine the success achieved with inocula of clover rhizobia. The Lismore krasnozems offer difficulties in the way of successful seed inoculation. Milk and phosphate supplements with the inoculum do not obviate the difficulty, but heavier rates of inoculation give a reasonable degree of nodulation even with untreated soils. The unfavourable nature of these soils is reflected in their relatively low rhizobial population and the failure of added cells to persist or multiply at a rate comparable with other soils and conditions. Raising pH to c. 7 by the addition of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3 markedly improves the soil as a medium for survival and multiplication of clover rhizobia. Even a small rise in pH gives appreciable improvement. Strains of root-nodule bacteria differ markedly in their ability to compete with each other for growth and nodule formation on a host. The relative performance of strains can be affected by such factors as the nature of the soil and the presence and nature of the host. Competition for nodulation need not be related in any simple way to competition for growth. Competition by :"native" strains can be an important factor contributing to success or failure with added inoculum.

Malate dehydrogenase from Rhizobium japonicum 3I1b-143 bacteroids and Glycine max root-nodule mitochondria

Biochemistry ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 6479-6486 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Waters ◽  
Dale B. Karr ◽  
David W. Emerich
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum

Evidence countering the role of polygalacturonase in invasion of root hairs of leguminous plants by Rhizobium spp.

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas T. Lillich ◽  
Gerald H. Elkan
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Polygalacturonase Activity

Polygalacturonase has been postulated as being involved in the invasion of the host legume by Rhizobium spp. The role of this enzyme in the invasion of Glycine max by Rhizobium japonicum was investigated. Enzyme activity of several Rhizobium spp. was assayed viscometrically and no constitutive polygalacturonase was found. The enzyme could not be induced by growth with either pectin or galactose as the sole carbon source. Extract and exudate from the roots of nodulating and nonnodulating strains of Glycine max that had been incubated with effective strains of R. japonicum failed to show any higher levels of polygalacturonase activity than did uninoculated control plants. Previously reported experiments were duplicated. Levels of polygalacturonase activity from the extract and exudate of white clover inoculated with R. trifolii Cl 226 were as reported in the literature. Contrary to published reports, however, no greater levels of enzyme activity were found from effective plant–bacteria associations than from either ineffective associations or uninoculated control plants. It was concluded from these experiments that polygalacturonase does not play a major role in the invasion of Glycine max by Rhizobium japonicum.

scholarly journals Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Root Nodule Bacteria Associated with <i>Lupinus</i> spp. and <i>Glycine max</i>

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (11) ◽  
pp. 790-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilshan H. Beligala ◽  
Helen J. Michaels ◽  
Michael Devries ◽  
Vipaporn Phuntumart
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria

scholarly journals Short Communication Antibiotic Sensitivities of the Root Nodule Bacteria

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Graham
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Soybean Rhizobia

Variations in the susceptibility of rhizobia to antibiotic substances have been previously reported. Fogle and Allen (1948) considered lupin and soybean rhizobia to be more susceptible to various 'streptomycete antibiotics than other species of rhizobia. In contrast, Landerkin and Lochhead (1948) noted that strains of Rhizobium japonicum were less susceptible to actinomycete antibiotics than were other soil organisms tested.

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