Effect of barley yellow dwarf virus on the yield of wheat in NSW

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 502
Author(s):  
AM Smith
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The effect of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) on yields of wheat in New South Wales was assessed in field trials at two sites over three seasons. Regular applications of an organophosphate insecticide, demeton-S-methyl, were used to control the insect vectors of the disease. Results indicated that in most seasons BYDV is only a minor disease of wheat in New South Wales. Rhopalosiphum padi appeared to be the most important aphid vector of the disease.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Winter Cereal Viruses in New South Wales, Australia, 2006 to 2014

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Milgate ◽  
Dante Adorada ◽  
Grant Chambers ◽  
Mary Ann Terras
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Winter cereal viruses can cause significant crop losses; however, detailed knowledge of their occurrence in New South Wales, Australia is very limited. This paper reports on the occurrence of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV), and their serotypes between 2006 and 2014. Detection of WMoV is confirmed in eastern Australia for the first time. The BYDV and CYDV 2014 epidemic is examined in detail using 139 samples of wheat, barley, and oat surveyed from southern New South Wales. The presence of virus was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The results reveal a high frequency of the serotype Barley yellow dwarf virus - MAV as a single infection present in 27% of samples relative to Barley yellow dwarf virus - PAV in 19% and CYDV in 14%. Clear differences emerged in the infection of different winter cereal species by serotypes of BYDV and CYDV. These results are contrasted to other Australian and international studies.

Impact of cereal aphids on wheat yields in southern New South Wales, Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Milne ◽  
R. I. Delves
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The effect of naturally occurring aphid infestations on yield was studied using sprayed and unsprayed plots in commercial wheat crops at a number of sites in southern New South Wales, Australia. In 1990, wheat was planted in April or early May following early autumn rains. Aphids were first found in the crops 4 weeks after the wheat was sown. Numbers were generally low and only at 1 site was there a significant effect on yield. In 1991, sowing was delayed by prolonged dry weather during autumn. Most crops were planted in late May and aphids started to appear only in mid July. There was no significant effect of aphids on yield but most crops were badly affected by drought. In 1991, labelled plants at some sites were used to study the impact of varying levels of aphid infestation on yield. There was a significant negative correlation between the number of aphids and yield per plant at 1 site. In both years, aphid numbers peaked in August or September. Rhopalosiphum padi was virtually the only aphid species found. Leaf samples were collected from 3 sites in 1990 and from all sites in 1991 and tested for barley yellow dwarf virus. The incidence of this virus was very high in 1990 but negligible in 1991. The striking difference in the incidence of barley yellow dwarf virus in the 2 years was most likely the result of later sowing times and delayed arrival of aphids in crops in 1991. Aphids may have a considerable impact on yield in early-sown wheat through transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus.

Annual variation in strains of barley yellow dwarf virus in Manitoba, and the occurrence of greenbug-specific isolates

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1277-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Annual Variation ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Schizaphis Graminum ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Efficient Vector ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
High Degree

Seventeen isolates of the aphid-borne barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), collected in southern Manitoba in 1966, were transmitted from oats to oats most efficiently by Rhopalosiphum padi. They were transmitted also by Macrosiphum avenae and all but two were transmitted by Schizaphis graminum and Acyrthosiphon dirhodum. Most of these isolates were not transmitted by R. maidis.Only 3 of 25 isolates collected in 1967 were transmitted by the five species of aphids in a pattern similar to that of the isolates collected in 1966. Twenty of the remainder were transmitted with a moderate to high degree of specificity by R. maidis, R. padi, or S. graminum. Two of the latter isolates were transmitted only by S. graminum. When the transmissibility of one of the isolates, for which S. graminum was the most efficient vector, was examined more critically, both the relative and the specific efficiency of the three vectors varied with the age of the infection in the source plants, though S. graminum was always the most efficient vector.

Crop loss assessment studies on the effects of barley yellow dwarf virus in wheat in Victoria

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Smith ◽  
RJ Sward
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Individual Grains

The effect of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection on grain yield of wheat, cv. Olympic, was determined over 3 years at three sites in Victoria in field plots inoculated with infective Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). Inoculation before tillering lowered grain yields by 9-79 %, whereas inoculation at early stem extension lowered yields by only 6-9 %. There was a linear relationship between the percentage of plants infected with BYDV at an early stage of growth and grain yield at all sites. Other components of yield affected included numbers of tillers, numbers of heads with sterile terminal spikelets, grain weight per head and weight of individual grains.

Survey of Barley yellow dwarf virus incidence in winter cereal crops, and assessment of wheat and barley resistance to the virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Beoni ◽  
Jana Chrpová ◽  
Jana Jarošová ◽  
Jiban Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

A survey of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) incidence in cereal crops in the Czech Republic over 4 years showed, on average, 13.3% BYDV-positive, randomly tested wheat and barley samples. The cultivated wheat and barley cultivars had different levels of susceptibility to BYDV infection. Field trials were performed with different barley and wheat breeding lines and cultivars, and resistance traits were evaluated after artificial inculcation by the viruliferous aphid vector Rhopalosiphum padi L. with BYDV-PAV. Our results showed high variability of visual symptom score (VSS) and reduction in grain weight per spike (GWS-R) in trials within the tested lines and cultivars. The barley line (WBON 96-123) and cultivars (Wysor, Travira) that contained RYd2 differed significantly from other cultivars in VSS. Line WBON 96-123 and cvv. Wysor and Yatzi showed the lowest GWS-R. Wheat line PSR 3628 and cvv. Altigo, Elan, Sparta, Aladin and Hewit showed significant difference from other cultivars in VSS. PSR 3628, Sparta, and Elan showed the lowest GWS-R. Similar results were obtained from BYDV titre analysis by RT-qPCR corresponding to the VSS and GWS-R traits. A low virus titre corresponded to low VSS and GWS-R. Hence, our results suggest that laborious and time-consuming GWS-R analysis could be replaced in some cases by qPCR-based BYDV titre analysis and, together with VSS evaluation, could enhance the efficiency of resistance assessment.

Grassy Weeds and Corn as Potential Sources of Barley yellow dwarf virus Spread Into Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. PDIS-05-20-1004
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Rashidi ◽  
Regina K. Cruzado ◽  
Pamela J. S. Hutchinson ◽  
Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez ◽  
Juliet M. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is an important vector-borne pathogen of cereals. Although many species of grasses are known to host BYDV, knowledge of their role in virus spread in regional agroecosystems remains limited. Between 2012 and 2016, Idaho winter wheat production was affected by BYDV. BYDV-PAV and the bird cherry-oat aphid (BCOA) (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) vector were commonly present in the affected areas. A series of greenhouse bioassays were performed to examine whether two types of corn (Zea mays L.), dent and sweet, and three commonly found grassy weeds, downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.), and foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.), can be inoculated with BYDV (species BYDV-PAV) by BCOA and also act as sources of the virus in winter wheat. BCOA successfully transmitted BYDV-PAV to both corn types and all weed species. Virus titers differed between the weed species (P = 0.032) and between corn types (P = 0.001). In transmission bioassays, aphids were able to survive on these host plants during the 5-day acquisition access period and later successfully transmitted BYDV-PAV to winter wheat (var. SY Ovation). Transmission success was positively correlated with the virus titer of the source plant (P < 0.001) and influenced by weed species (P = 0.028) but not corn type. Overall, the results of our inoculation and transmission assays showed that the examined weed species and corn types can be inoculated with BYDV-PAV by BCOA and subsequently act as sources of infections in winter wheat.

Resistance to RPV barley yellow dwarf virus in the genus Bromus

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Beuve ◽  
Hervé Lapierre
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Susceptibility to barley yellow dwarf RPV (BYD – RPV) relative to BYD – PAV has been studied for 21 species of the genus Bromus. The following species belonging to sections Bromus (B. arvensis L., B. commutatus Shrad, B. danthoniae Trin., B. grossus Desf. ex DC. B. hordeaceus L., B. lanceolatus Roth., B. scoparius L.), Stenobromus (B. diandrus Roth., B. madritensis L., B. sterilis L., B. rubens L., B. tectorum L.), and Neobromus (B. trinii Desvaux) are all susceptible to BYD–RPV. Of the three species of the Pnigma section, B. erectus Hudson is susceptible to BYD–RPV, although the percentage of infected plants is low; B. setifolius Presl. is resistant to BYD–RPV; and the two biotypes of B. inermis Leyss. that were tested are both resistant to BYD–RPV. Most biotypes of the species in section Ceratochloa are resistant to BYD–RPV and susceptible to BYD–PAV. In B. catharticus Vahl. a few biotypes are also susceptible to both viruses. The resistance to BYD–RPV in different biotypes of Ceratochloa and in one biotype of B. setifolius cannot be explained by the resistance to the vector Rhopalosiphum padi L., as BYD – PAV is efficiently transmitted to these biotypes by the same aphid species. These results show that most biotypes of the species in section Ceratochloa are probably immune to BYD–RPV and that the virus has a restricted host range in the genus Bromus compared with BYD –PAV. Key words: BYDV, RPV, PAV, Bromus genus.

scholarly journals Rhopalosiphum padi(Hemiptera: Aphididae) Responses to Volatile Cues From Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus–Infected Wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 836-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla J. Medina-Ortega ◽  
Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez ◽  
Esther Ngumbi ◽  
Edgardo S. Jiménez-Martínez ◽  
Sanford D. Eigenbrode
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Volatile Cues
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