Initial and residual effects of superphosphate on a Townsville lucerne pasture in north-eastern Queensland

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Jones
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The responses to superphosphate of a Townsville lucerne (Stylosanthes humils)-grass pasture on a solodic soil near Townsville, were measured for three years. An initial dressing of 784 lb an acre gave the highest yield of dry matter for the three years, but 336 lb an acre was almost as effective. Applying 336 lb in equal annual dressings of 112 lb an acre gave less total dry matter but slightly more nitrogen and phosphorus per acre than 336 lb initially. On this soil type superphosphate had a good residual effect. Pastures with initial dressings of 336 1b or more outyielded the controls in all years, and did not respond to maintenance dressings applied in the second and third years. Superphosphate increased the yields of phosphorus per acre by increasing the phosphorus contents of both Townsville lucerne and grass as well as the dry matter yields. It had little effect, however, on the nitrogen contents. The relation between the phosphorus content of the pasture and the yield of dry matter was examined and tentative critical values were established.

Responses by pasture to current and previous application of superphosphate

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (41) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
IH Cameron ◽  
AA McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Current Application ◽  
North Eastern

The effects of heavy initial applications and regular annual dressings of superphosphate on the winter and spring yields of herbage from a subterranean clover-annual grass pasture were measured in a four-year experiment at Rutherglen, north-eastern Victoria, Basal levels of soil phosphorus were established in 1959 by applying 1, 7, or 13 cwt (112 lb) of superphosphate an acre to an established pasture. From 1960-1963, 0 or 1 cwt of superphosphate an acre a year was applied in all factorial combinations (i.e., 0-0-0-0, 0-0-0-1, . . . . . . . . 1-1-1-1). On the plots that received 1 cwt an acre in 1959, current application of superphosphate increased winter production in every year (by 425-1230 lb dry matter an acre, or 36-362 per cent). On the plots that received 7 or 13 cwt an acre in 1959, winter responses to current dressings were small and not significant in three of the four years, indicating a strong residual effect from the basal dressings. Responses in spring were small in both absolute (maximum 290 lb dry matter an acre) and relative (4-12 per cent) terms and were not significant in three of the four years. Tn both winter and spring yields, residual effects of current dressings were small (maximum 245 lb dry matter an acre) and generally not significant.

scholarly journals Investigation of the decomposition and leaching dynamics of Salix, Populus and mixed leaves in the area of Lake Balaton and Kis-Balaton Wetland

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Brigitta Simon ◽  
Tamás Kucserka ◽  
Angéla Anda
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Coastal Vegetation ◽  
Lake Balaton ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Major Nutrient ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

In lakes and wetlands, leaf litter input from the coastal vegetation represents a major nutrient load and plays a basic structural and functional role in several ecosystems. In Hungary, at the banks of lakes and wetlands, Salix and Populus trees are the most common species. In an experiment in Lake Balaton and Kis-Balaton Wetland between 16 November 2017 to and 3 June 2018, the decomposition rates and leaching dynamics of Salix, Populus and mixed leaves (50% Salix and 50% Populus) were investigated. Total nitrogen and phosphorus content of biomass samples were measured at the beginning and end of the experiment for the leaching dynamics experiment. We found that litter mass losses (Salix, Populus and mixed leaves) were not significantly different between the two mesh size litterbags and between Lake Balaton and Kis-Balaton Wetland. Different amounts of the total nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from Salix, Populus and mixed leaves were detected. The total nitrogen contents of the plant samples were around 8-18% at the end of the investigated period. Slightly higher values were measured compared to phosphorous (27-29%).

scholarly journals Factors affecting the herbage iodine content.

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hartmans
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
N Application ◽  
Factors Affecting

In pot and field experiments, N application somewhat increased the I content of the harvested crop, although I concentrations in the herbage decreased considerably (diluting effect of increased dry matter yields). Herbage I contents were not consistently affected by chemical fertilizers which produced no yield response. I contents were up to 13 times higher in dicotyledenous pasture species than in grasses. I contents varied between grass species and to less extent between varieties of a single species. Contrary to earlier New Zealand data, good quality grasses were lower in I content than medium-value and inferior grasses. Small I dressings were less effective than larger amounts in terms of percentage return in the harvested crop; residual effects in later cuts were always small. The effectiveness of I dressings depended on soil type and tended to be lowest on soils of low natural I content. ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT: Studies were with ryegrass in pots and pastures. N dressing increased I uptake by the crop but reduced the I content considerably because of the diluting effect of higher DM yields. Dressing with fertilizers which did increase yield did not affect herbage I content consistently. Dicotyledonous species in pasture had I contents up to 13 times that of grasses. The I content of grasses varied over a 2-fold range but variation was smaller in a given species. Good quality grasses had a lower I content than inferior grasses. Smaller I dressings gave a smaller percentage return in the crop than larger amounts; the efficiency depended on soil type and tended to be less for soils with the lowest natural I content. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and gypsum on a Danthonia caespitosa-Stipa variabilis grassland. 2. Residual response

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Tupper
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizers ◽  
Residual Response ◽  
High Level

The residual effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers applied over four consecutive years and gypsum applied once only, were assessed over five years on a Danthonia caespitosa-Stipa variabilis grassland, growing on the semi-arid Riverine Plain of south-eastern Australia. Totals of 155 and 31 0 kg ha-1 of N, 100 and 200 kg ha-1 of P, and 3.34 and 6.68 t ha-1 of CaS0,. 2H2O had been added. The increase in dry matter production in response to nitrogen ceased one year after the last application of nitrogen fertilizer. After five years, grassland which had received 200 kg ha-1 of phosphorus and 6.68 t ha-1 of gypsum yielded 6500 kg ha-1 of dry matter, compared with 1300 kg ha-1 in the absence of fertilizers and gypsum. Legume growth was still suppressed five years after nitrogen fertilizer had been applied, but legumes increased production greatly in response to the previous phosphorus and phosphorus-gypsum treatments. Nitrogen content of the herbage averaged 2.1 per cent four years after the previous high level phosphorus treatment, compared with 1.6 per cent with the control after four years. It was unaffected by previous nitrogen fertilizer. Phosphorus content was reduced for the first three years after nitrogen fertilizer was last added, but was increased by phosphorus fertilizer to 0.28 per cent, compared with 0.1 8 per cent on the control, four years after phosphorus fertilizer was last added. Soil moisture characteristics, and total soil nitrogen and carbon showed no differences between treatments. The Truog phosphorus in the soil under the high phosphorus level decreased from 103 p.p.m. to 53 p.p.m., compared with the unaltered control level of 7 p.p.m, over the five year period.

scholarly journals Residual effect of pig slurry on common carpet grass pasture

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-378
Author(s):  
Daiane C. K. Albuquerque ◽  
Simone M. Scheffer-Basso ◽  
Pedro A. V. Escosteguy ◽  
Karen D. Brustolin-Golin ◽  
Valdirene Zabot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Gradual Release

ABSTRACT This study investigated the residual effects of pig slurry (PS) applied to common carpet grass pasture (Axonopus affinis) for two years (September 2008-March 2010) on dry matter yield and forage-nitrogen uptake from October 2010-May 2011. A field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were 102, 204, 306, 408, and 510 m3 ha-1 pig slurry applied for two years; one mineral nitrogen rate (1,250 kg ha-1 ammonium nitrate) for two years; and no nitrogen fertilization (control). The pasture was cut at intervals of 48, 34, 43 and 69 days, which corresponded to 266, 300, 343, and 412 days after the last fertilizer application, respectively. Dry matter yield increased by 398 kg ha-1 for each 100 m3 of PS applied, the equivalent of 317 and 564 kg ha-1 for each 100 kg ha-1 of inorganic and organic N applied, respectively. The residual effect of PS on dry matter yield and forage-nitrogen uptake ranged from 11-45% and 8-40%, respectively, indicating a gradual release and availability of N in PS, which can help reduce the amounts of nitrogen applied to pasture.

The response of Italian ryegrass to nitrogenous fertilizer at different times of year, with particular reference to residual effects

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wilman ◽  
B. M. Ojuederie
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Previous Autumn

SummaryThe 32 combinations of applying or not applying nitrogenous fertilizer on five dates, with 6-week intervals between dates, during one treatment year were compared in three field experiments with Italian ryegrass (Lolium mvltiflorum). Phosphorus (P)and potassium (K) were applied at a uniform, high rate to all plots. All plots were harvested, by cutting, five times during the treatment year and once in May of the subsequent year.Dry-matter yields and dry-matter yield responses to N were lower at the September and October harvests than at the May, June and July harvests. Where no N was applied 6 weeks before a harvest, N applied 12 weeks before that harvest generally increased yields of dry matter, N, P and K. On the other hand, where N was applied 6 weeks before a harvest, N applied 12 weeks before that harvest tended not to increase dry-matter yield and tended to reduce P and K yields. Applying 420 kg N/ha/year compared with nil approximately trebled the amounts of dry matter, P and K harvested in the treatment year. At the May harvest in the subsequent year dry-matter yield was increased by N applied in the treatment year, for all five application dates, although the previous autumn there had been no positive residual effect of the early applications. Apparent recovery of N was low compared with that recorded with Italian ryegrass in Cambridge. The content of N, as well as P and K, in herbage in May was reduced by the application of N the previous year. In the 1972 experiment the proportion of ‘stem’ in the harvested produce was markedly increased by N application. The size of this effect may have been associated with the rather small amount of soil N available. Applied N increased the number of tillers in the sward, but this effect appeared to be rather short-lived. A major reason for the positive effect of applied N on dry-matter yield, including the positive residual effect, appeared to be the increase in leaf blade length and probably sheath length due to N.

Role of phosphorus fertiliser banding and the ratio of nitrate to ammonium on the uptake of phosphorus and wheat growth: a glasshouse study

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Valizadeh ◽  
Z. Rengel ◽  
A. W. Rate
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Phosphorus Fertiliser

While it is known that nitrogen fertilisers improve phosphorus uptake depending on soil type and pH, the role in phosphorus uptake of the ratio of nitrate to ammonium in nitrogen fertiliser banded with phosphorus fertiliser is unclear. The present glasshouse study investigated the wheat growth response to different rates of application and banding depths (5 and 15 cm) of nitrogen and phosphorus, and mixing of phosphorus fertiliser with soil. The effect of 2 forms of nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) banded with phosphorus fertiliser was also studied.Both banding depths increased phosphorus uptake and wheat growth more than mixing fertiliser throughout the soil. Banding at the 5 cm depth increased phosphorus uptake efficiency and wheat growth more than banding at the 15 cm depth. The highest shoot and root growth and phosphorus content were found when the nitrate : ammonium ratio was 50 : 50 and 75 : 25, with a slight decline at 100 : 0. The treatments with a large proportion of ammonium suppressed the growth of wheat and, consequently, reduced total phosphorus content. It was concluded that banding nitrate and ammonium at ratios 50 : 50, 75 : 25 and 100 : 0 with phosphorus fertiliser at 5 cm depth was optimal for increasing phosphorus uptake and wheat growth.

scholarly journals Protein Content of Brachiaria ruziziensis (Poaceae) under the Direct and Residual Effects of Fertilization with Hen Droppings

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Gilles Jiope Azangue ◽  
Fernand Tendonkeng ◽  
Victor François Nguetsop ◽  
David Fokom Wauffo ◽  
Etienne Tedonkeng Pamo
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Aim: A study was conducted at the Research and Experimental Farm (REF) of the University of Dschang between March 2015 and December 2016, and then at the Animal Nutrition Laboratory of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences. The objective of this study was to evaluate the direct and residual effects of fertilization with hen droppings on the protein content of Brachiaria ruziziensis at different phenological stages. Methodology: A factorial design comprising five levels of fertilization in terms of nitrogen in the form of hen droppings (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg N/ha), and three phenological stages of cutting (bolting, flowering and after seed set) on 6 m2 plots (3 m x 2 m) in four replicates, i.e. a total of 60 experimental plots was used. Fertilization with hen droppings was done one month after the stump chips were grown in the first year of cultivation (direct effects). In the second year of cultivation (residual effects), no fertilization was applied. The total nitrogen content of the plant samples was determined by the Kjeldhal method and the crude protein contents were obtained by multiplying the nitrogen contents by the forage-specific coefficient of 6.25. Results: This study showed that protein contents obtained under the direct effect were significantly higher than those obtained under the residual effect of fertilization. Fertilization at 100 kg N/ha resulted in the highest protein contents under direct and residual fertilization. Conclusion: In view of the results obtained, fertilization with hen droppings at a dose of 100 kg N/ha would be recommended for the cultivation of B. ruziziensis in order to limit mineral fertilizer inputs and improve its protein content.

Responses of a Forage Hay Crop to the Residual Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers in On-Farm Trials in Northern Syria

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wahbi ◽  
A. E. Matar ◽  
M. J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Second Year ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Available Phosphate ◽  
Related Increase

SummaryFourteen on-farm sites used in barley fertilizer trials were retained for a second year and, without further fertilizer, sown with a mixed vetch/barley forage crop. Rainfall at the sites ranged from 149 to 451 mm, and linear regression on rainfall accounted for 76% of the variation in hay yield between the sites, with a greater rain-related increase in vetch than barley. Soil nitrogen and phosphorus content at planting time in the second year was significantly affected by the rate of fertilizer application in the previous year. Previous phosphate fertilization tended to increase hay yields, particularly at sites where levels of native available phosphate were poor. However, responses to residual fertilizer nitrogen were small and variable.Respuesta al N y P residual en el norte de Siria

Rock phosphate and superphosphate as sources of phosphorus for subterranean clover on an acid sandy soil

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (68) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Alston ◽  
KW Chin
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
The Mean

Subterranean clover was grown on an acid sandy soil in a field experiment at Mount Compass, South Australia, where the mean annual rainfall is 837 mm. Rock phosphate and superphosphate were applied at 0 to 66 kg ha-1 P. Dry matter yields and phosphorus uptake by the clover and the phosphorus content of the soil were determined. At given levels of addition of phosphorus, rock phosphate was as effective as superphosphate in increasing dry matter yield and phosphorus uptake by the clover in the year of application. Rock phosphate also increased yield and uptake in subsequent years, but superphosphate had little residual effect. Leaching losses of phosphorus from the top 10 cm of soil during three and a half years were equal to 100 per cent and 80 per cent of that applied in superphosphate at 22 and 66 kg ha-1 P respectively. The corresponding losses where rock phosphate was applied were 80 per cent and 60 per cent. Most of the phosphorus leached from superphosphate was lost within two months of the application.

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