The relationship between concentrations of plasma and hepatic vitamin A in steers intensively finished on high-grain rations low in carotene

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (26) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
RJW Gartner ◽  
JG Morris ◽  
GR Clark
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Large Standard Error ◽  
Liver Vitamin

Data on plasma and liver vitamin A concentrations were obtained from 84 Hereford steers approximately two years of age and approximately 900 lb in body-weight. The animals were sampled from two experiments : 57 received high-grain rations low in carotene for 150 � 15 days, 27 received similar rations for 154 � 6 days. Plasma vitamin A levels in 18 animals were below 20 �g/100 ml, and these values were associated with hepatic levels of less than 10 �g/g. The regression of plasma vitamin A on the logarithm of liver vitamin A was significant (P<0.01) and the regression coefficients were not significantly different between experiments. The equation was y = -30.506 + 19.705 log x. This equation has only limited value for prediction over the whole range tested due to the large standard error (9.24) and the limited magnitude of the correlation coefficient (0.80).

The Relationship between the Blood Plasma Vitamin A Levels of Sows and of their Suckling Pigs

1956 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-406
Author(s):  
I. R. Sibbald ◽  
J. P. Bowland ◽  
R. T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals BREED AND SEX EFFECTS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEIGHT AND FATNESS IN LACOMBE AND YORKSHIRE SWINE AND THEIR RECIPROCAL CROSSES

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
G. W. Rahnefeld
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Female Mating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between thickness of fat measured at the shoulder, last rib, and loin of live pigs and market weight (86.2 to 95.2 kg) was studied in 1596 pigs from the Lacombe and Yorkshire breeds and their reciprocal crosses. No significant breed or sex differences were found in the proportion of fat at the three sites. Breed and sex differences were evident in the average depth of fat. The regression coefficients for the mean of three fat measurements on market weight were.016 ±.003,.019 ±.007, and.017 ±.004 for Lacombe males, barrows, and females respectively;.039 ±.002,.036 ±.005, and.041 ±.001 for Yorkshire males, barrows and females respectively;.027 ±.005 and.029 ±.004 for barrows and females from the Lacombe male × Yorkshire female mating; and.023 ±.007 and.021 ±.009 for barrows and females from the Yorkshire male × Lacombe female mating. Comparisons between animals measured at a relatively constant weight should be made after the fat measurement is adjusted for variations in body weight. The results of this study indicate that separate corrections should be applied for each breed. Separate corrections for sexes within breeds do not appear warranted.

THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATION RATES TO GRASS ON FORAGE YIELDS, BODY WEIGHT GAINS, FEED UTILIZATION, AND VITAMIN A STATUS OF STEERS

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. T. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Liver Vitamin

The dry matter yield of grass forage was increased linearly with nitrogen fertilizer levels of zero, 56, and 112 kg per hectare applied annually in the spring of 1961, 1962, and 1963. Nitrogen levels had little effect on the nutritive value of mature grass forage as indicated by voluntary dry matter intake and body weight gains of beef steers. The apparent digestibility of crude protein increased and that of dry matter and nitrogen-free extract decreased linearly with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rates. Digestibility of crude fiber and ether extract were not altered significantly by nitrogen levels. Forage-carotenes sustained relatively high liver vitamin A levels over a 100-day feeding period. Nitrogen levels had little effect on the rate of liver vitamin A depletion.

The relationships between leptin and vitamin A levels in plasma of fattening cattle supplemented with vitamin A

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tokuda ◽  
S. Kono ◽  
T. Fujihara
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
High Vitamin ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the effect of dietary vitamin A (retinol) on leptin in cattle. The relationship between plasma leptin and insulin was also examined. The experiment studies 16 9-month-old steers over the following 20-month fattening period. Four treatment diets were given to four steers in each of four groups. Cattle in treatment A were given a diet high in vitamin A (9000 to 10500 µg/day) throughout the experiment. Cattle in treatment B were given a diet low in vitamin A (300 to 4500 µg/day) for 0 to 10 months, after that they were given the high vitamin A diet during the period 10 to 20 months. Cattle in treatment C were given the low vitamin A diet for 0 to 14 months, after that they were given the high vitamin A diet for the period 14 to 20 months. Cattle in treatment D were given the low vitamin A diet throughout the experiment. Plasma samples were collected at 2-month intervals during the experiment to determine the plasma leptin, insulin and vitamin A concentrations. Plasma leptin concentration significantly increased over the fattening period (P< 0·001) but did not differ between the treatments (P> 0·05). Plasma leptin concentration was positively correlated with insulin concentration (r = 0·44,P< 0·001), although it was not correlated with plasma vitamin A concentration (r = –0·01,P> 0·05). It was concluded that dietary vitamin A in cattle does not affect plasma leptin concentration.

Quantitative Aspects of the Urinary and Fecal Excretion of Radioactive Metabolites of Vitamin A in the Rat

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1026-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Varma ◽  
G. H. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Retinyl Acetate ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Liver Vitamin

Urinary and fecal excretion of radioactive metabolites has been followed for 8 days (12 days in one group) in groups of rats having different initial body stores of vitamin A and given a single oral dose of 11,12-3H-retinyl acetate in oil. During the collections animals were fed a vitamin A deficient diet except for one group which was given laboratory chow throughout. At the end of the collection period animals were killed for determination of liver, kidney, and plasma vitamin A and radioactivity. Specific activities were similar in the three tissues; total liver vitamin A contents ranged from undetectable to 7700 μg. Excretion of fecal and urinary radioactivity was high initially but fell to apparently stable levels by day 8. When the combined urinary and fecal excretion was expressed in terms of the liver vitamin A equivalent (ELV), there was a gradual increase in excretion rate with the logarithm of liver vitamin A up to 150–300 μg/g liver; thereafter the rate of excretion increased more rapidly with liver stores to the highest level studied, 500–550 μg/g. In the initial phase the ELV values were 4–10 μg/day, rising to 22–24 μg/day in the second phase. These studies suggest that (a) a portion of newly absorbed vitamin A is metabolized before mixing with general body pools and probably without greatly altering the metabolism of endogenous vitamin A, (b) after equilibration of body pools, urinary excretion of radioactivity should be a useful index in experimental studies of factors affecting vitamin A metabolism, and (c) chemical determination of urinary metabolites of vitamin A is a potential index of vitamin A nutritional status.

scholarly journals Is there really a proportional relationship between VO2max and body weight? A review article

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261519
Author(s):  
Jay Lee ◽  
Xiuli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Allometric Model ◽  
Statistics Analysis ◽  
Image Position ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ratio Scaling

Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a “gold standard” in aerobic capacity assessment, playing a vital role in various fields. However, ratio scaling (VO2maxbw), the present method used to express relative VO2max, should be suspected due to its theoretical deficiencies. Therefore, the aim of the study was to revise the quantitative relationship between VO2max and body weight (bw). Dimensional analysis was utilized to deduce their theoretical relationship, while linear or nonlinear regression analysis based on four mathematical models (ratio scaling, linear function, simple allometric model and full allometric model) were utilized in statistics analysis to verify the theoretical relationship. Besides, to investigate the effect of ratio scaling on removing body weight, Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between VO2maxbw and bw. All the relevant data were collected from published references. Dimensional analysis suggested VO2max be proportional to bw23. Statistics analysis displayed that four mathematical expressions were VO2max = 0.047bw (p<0.01, R2 = 0.68), VO2max = 0.036bw+0.71 (p<0.01, R2 = 0.76), VO2max = 0.10bw0.82 (p<0.01, R2 = 0.93) and VO2max = 0.23bw0.66–0.48 (p<0.01, R2 = 0.81) respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant moderately negative relation between VO2maxbw and bw (r = -0.42, p<0.01), while there was no correlation between VO2maxbw0.82 and bw (r = 0.066, p = 0.41). Although statistics analysis did not fully verify the theoretical result, both dimensional and statistics analysis suggested ratio scaling distort the relationship and power function be more appropriate to describe the relationship. Additionally, we hypothesized that lean mass, rather than body weight, plays a more essential role in eliminating the gap between theoretical and experimental b values, and is more appropriate to standardize VO2max, future studies can focus more on it.

scholarly journals Relationship between Plasma Vitamin A and Liver Vitamin A in Calves Fed a Vitamin A Depletion Ration and Calves Fed Minimum Levels of Vitamin A or Carotene

1954 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1376-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Rousseau ◽  
Cecilia M. Dembiczak ◽  
K.L. Dolge ◽  
H.D. Eaton ◽  
Geoffrey Beall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Liver Vitamin

Relationship between puberty in heifers and the cessation of luteal activity after nutritional restriction

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Vizcarra ◽  
R. P. Wettemann ◽  
D. K. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Nutritional Restriction ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between puberty and the cessation of luteal activity after nutritional restriction was evaluated in 15 Angus × Hereford heifers. Heifers attained puberty at a body weight of 297 (s.e. 6) kg and a body condition score (BCS) of 5·5 (s.e. 0·1) on a scale of 1 (emaciated) to 9 (obese). After 154 (s.e. 16) days of nutritional restriction, heifers became anoestrus at a weight of 273 (s.e. 8) kg and a BCS of 3·0 (s.e. 0·2). The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between date of-puberty and date of cessation of luteal activity was (r = –0·49; P < 0·06). This indicates that the heifers that attained puberty first were the last to cease luteal activity during nutritional restriction.

scholarly journals Vitamin E and stress

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green ◽  
I. R. Muthy ◽  
A. T. Diplock ◽  
J. Bunyan ◽  
M. A. Cawthorne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Pufa ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Depletion Rate ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Liver Vitamin

1. The nature of the relationship between vitamins A and E has been studied in the rat and the chick.2. Stress induced by diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was found to have no effect on the liver vitamin A reserves of vitamin E-deficient rats given dietary vitamin A or repeated small oral doses of vitamin A.3. Dietary PUFA did not affect the liver vitamin A reserves of young rats given necrogenic diets deficient in vitamin E and selenium, nor were these reserves affected by the onset of liver necrosis or its prevention by Se.4. The effect of dietary PUFA on the rate of depletion of liver vitamin A reserves in weanling rats or rats depleted initially of vitamins A and E and then given a single large dose of vitamin A was studied over periods from 2 to 12½ weeks. In three experiments the dietary PUFA did not significantly accelerate vitamin A depletion. In one experiment the depletion rate was increased, but this was not reversed by dietary vitamin E and thus could not be attributed to an enhancement of peroxidation in vivo but rather to a toxic effect. The effect of vitamin E in these experiments was not consistent but, in general, it slightly decreased the rate of depletion.5. Large doses of vitamin A did not affect the metabolism of small amounts of [14C]D-α-tocopherol in the vitamin E-deficient rat or chick, when interaction of the two vitamins in the gastro-intestinal tract was avoided.6. Large doses of vitamin A (40000 i.u. in total) given to vitamin E-deficient chicks receiving a diet containing 1% linoleic acid (as maize oil esters) did not accelerate the onset of encephalomalacia and therefore failed to exert a pro-oxidative effect on tissue tocopherol.7. The conclusion drawn from these experiments was that any relationship that may exist in vivo between vitamins A and E is not concerned with an effect of vitamin E in preventing oxidation of vitamin A. A critical review of the literature on the nature of the relationship in general supports this view.

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