Gypsum reduces methane emission during the storage of pig slurry

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Berg ◽  
A. Model
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Manure Management ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Ruminant Metabolism

Methane is the most prevalent greenhouse gas from animal agriculture. The main source of methane emission is ruminant metabolism; however, animal manure also makes a significant contribution. Manure management can offer possibilities for emission reduction. The influence of sulfur, in the form of gypsum (CaSO4), on methane emission from liquid pig manure during storage was determined at the laboratory scale. Manure was stored in open vessels (75 kg/vessel) over a period of 14 weeks. Three different dosages of gypsum, 1, 2 and 3 kg per vessel, were added at the beginning of the experimental period. There was a linear correlation between methane concentration and amount of added gypsum. Adding 4% gypsum to pig slurry by mass (3 kg) almost halved methane emission. Nearly all nitrous oxide emissions were eliminated by the gypsum treatments.

scholarly journals Development of GHG Emission Factors for the Life Cycle of the Animal Manure Treatment Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 637-644
Author(s):  
Yoosung Park ◽  
Sung-Mo Yeon ◽  
Kyu-Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Management System ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Manure Management ◽  
Gas Emission

Objectives:A whole process greenhouse gas emission factor was developed considering the direct greenhouse gas emission from the decomposition of livestock manure provided by the IPCC guidelines and the energy consumption of manure management systems.Methods:Greenhouse gas generated by animal manure management is divided into direct greenhouse gas emission by decomposition of manure and greenhouse gas effect in the entire process due to energy use by operating manure management systems. By obtaining and summing them, the whole process greenhouse gas emission factor for the livestock manure treatment system was calculated.Results and Discussion:Among the pig manure management systems, the greenhouse gas emission factors for composting, purification and liquefaction were calculated as 128 kgCO2-eq./ton, 123 kgCO2-eq./ton, 119 kgCO2-eq./ton, respectively. It was analyzed that 20.7% to 24.1% of greenhouse gas emissions generated in the process of managing manure were due to electricity use. As a result of analyzing the change in the emission factor according to the change in GHG emissions of the national electric power according to the 8th Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand, a change in emission of about 6% was confirmed. Based on the results of this study and analysis of direct GHG emissions from manure management in three major Western European countries, France, Germany, and the Netherlands, based on the manure management emission factor in 2017, GHG emissions of 48.9% to 70% compared to this study in all countries.Conclusions:In the greenhouse gas emission factor for the pig manure management system, the greenhouse gas emission from energy used in the manure management system operation represents a contribution of more than 20%, so improvement of energy efficiency of the manure management system in the future can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emission. As the GHG emissions of the pig manure management system are expected to change substantially according to the change in the power grid composition ratio according to the 8th Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand, it is necessary to study the application plan in preparation for the implementation of product environmental footprint certification for livestock products in the future. As a result of comparing direct GHG emissions by manure management with major Western European countries, the difference in emissions was found to be large, suggesting the need to develop a Tier 2 emission factor suitable for the situation in Korea.

scholarly journals Innovations in anaerobic digestion: a model-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Postawa ◽  
Jerzy Szczygieł ◽  
Marek Kułażyński
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Increasing the efficiency of the biogas production process is possible by modifying the technological installations of the biogas plant. In this study, specific solutions based on a mathematical model that lead to favorable results were proposed. Three configurations were considered: classical anaerobic digestion (AD) and its two modifications, two-phase AD (TPAD) and autogenerative high-pressure digestion (AHPD). The model has been validated based on measurements from a biogas plant located in Poland. Afterward, the TPAD and AHPD concepts were numerically tested for the same volume and feeding conditions. Results The TPAD system increased the overall biogas production from 9.06 to 9.59%, depending on the feedstock composition, while the content of methane was slightly lower in the whole production chain. On the other hand, the AHPD provided the best purity of the produced fuel, in which a methane content value of 82.13% was reached. At the same time, the overpressure leads to a decrease of around 7.5% in the volumetric production efficiency. The study indicated that the dilution of maize silage with pig manure, instead of water, can have significant benefits in the selected configurations. The content of pig slurry strengthens the impact of the selected process modifications—in the first case, by increasing the production efficiency, and in the second, by improving the methane content in the biogas. Conclusions The proposed mathematical model of the AD process proved to be a valuable tool for the description and design of biogas plant. The analysis shows that the overall impact of the presented process modifications is mutually opposite. The feedstock composition has a moderate and unsteady impact on the production profile, in the tested modifications. The dilution with pig manure, instead of water, leads to a slightly better efficiency in the classical configuration. For the TPAD process, the trend is very similar, but the AHPD biogas plant indicates a reverse tendency. Overall, the recommendation from this article is to use the AHPD concept if the composition of the biogas is the most important. In the case in which the performance is the most important factor, it is favorable to use the TPAD configuration.

scholarly journals Effect of bioactive compounds released from Brassicaceae defatted seed meals on bacterial load in pig manure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Ugolini ◽  
Donatella Scarafile ◽  
Roberto Matteo ◽  
Eleonora Pagnotta ◽  
Lorena Malaguti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Enzymatic System ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Natural Substances

AbstractAnimal manure application to soils is considered to be one of the main cause of antibiotic and bacterial pathogen spread in the environment. Pig livestock, which is the source of one of the most used fertilizer for cultivated land, is also a hotspot for antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Besides harsh chemical and physical sanitization treatments for the abatement of antibiotics and bacterial load in livestock waste, more sustainable and environmentally friendly strategies need to be considered. In this context, the use of natural substances which are proved useful for pest and disease control is currently under exploration for their role in the reduction of bacterial pathogen population. Among these, plants and derived products from the Brassicaceae family, characterized by the presence of a defensive glucosinolate-myrosinase enzymatic system, have been successfully exploited for years in agriculture using the so-called biofumigation technique against crop diseases. Although the application of biofumigation to suppress a range of soil borne pests has been well documented, no studies have been examined to reduce bacterial population in animal waste. In the present study, the release and the antibacterial activity of bioactive compounds deriving from different Brassicaceae defatted seed meals against pathogens and bacterial population in pig manure is addressed. Rapistrum rugosum and Brassica nigra defatted seed meals were found to be the most active products against tested pathogens and able to significantly reduce the bacterial load in the manure.

Impacts of Animal Manure Management on Ground and Surface Water Quality

1997 ◽  
pp. 173-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sharpley ◽  
J Meisinger ◽  
A Breeuwsma ◽  
J Sims ◽  
T Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Manure Management

scholarly journals Nitrous oxide emissions in soils fertilized with pig manure: soil processes and strategies of control and mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e23910212427
Author(s):  
Vilmar Muller Júnior ◽  
Jucinei José Comin ◽  
Guilherme Wilbert Ferreira ◽  
Jorge Manuel Rodrigues Tavares ◽  
Rafael da Rosa Couto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Denitrification Process

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the main gases that contributes to the greenhouse effect. With a Global Warming Potential (GWP) 265 times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO2), over a 100-year horizon, N2O also has the potential for the depreciation of the ozone layer. The activities related to agriculture and livestock are responsible for approximately 60% of the global anthropogenic emissions of this gas to the atmosphere. In Brazil, the sector corresponds to 37% of total emissions. The objectives of this review article were: (i) To verify which are the main processes involved in N2O emissions in soils fertilized with swine manure; (ii) What are the direct emissions on these soils under different management systems, and; (iii) What are the possible strategies for controlling and mitigating N2O emissions. Therefore, an exploratory and qualitative research of articles was carried out using the following keywords: óxido nitroso’, ‘nitrous oxide’, ‘N2O’, ‘nitrogênio’, ‘nitrogen’, ‘suínos, ‘pig, ‘swine’, ‘dejetos’, ‘manure’ and ‘slurry’. Effects of pig diet, manure treatment systems, presence of heavy metals in the soil and moisture content of manure on N2O emissions were verified. Therefore, we recommend integrated studies of the quantitative and qualitative impacts of the levels and sources of nitrogen in the animals' diets on N2O emissions after the application of these wastes to the soil. We also recommend studies related to the effects of copper and zinc contents added to the soil via swine manure on enzymes that catalyze the biotic denitrification process in the soil.

scholarly journals A Review of piggery manure management: generally, across western, Asian and African countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
James Buttie Machete ◽  
Ricks G Chabo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Manure Management ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
The World ◽  
Causative Agents

The aim of this paper was to review the piggery waste management aspects in several countries of the world. Intensive livestock production produces significant quantities of waste that must be managed to protect water, air, and crop quality. The high demand of modern animal production has been influenced by the rapid growing populations as a result of rapid economic growth and increase in community living standards which is associated with the accelerated generation rate of solid waste causing a serious worldwide challenge. Piggery waste is said to be one of the most important causative agents of environmental pollution in most parts of the world. A growing pig population is unavoidable because it is a convenient source of protein to the growing human population and at the same time this means increasing piggery waste. Animal manure can provide nutrients for crops and fish production and input for biogas production, but if not managed, then this can also have a negative impact on the environment. Nevertheless, there are few countries who are considering legislation in relation to manure management.

Injection of Dicyandiamide-Treated Pig Slurry Reduced Ammonia Volatilization without Enhancing Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions from No-Till Corn in Southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Aita ◽  
Rogério Gonzatto ◽  
Ezequiel C. C. Miola ◽  
Daniela B. dos Santos ◽  
Philippe Rochette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
No Till

The effect of in situ composting on nitrogen, micro-organisms and odour emissions from sawdust beds

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
R.M. Kay ◽  
A.T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Odour Emissions ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Micro Organisms

Pig production is responsible for 65 per cent of all odour complaints and 10 per cent of water pollution incidents. In addition, the disposal of pig slurry effluent may create major difficulties in nitrate sensitive areas either from run off or leaching of liquids. In situ composting of pig manure has the potential to eliminate these problems whilst encouraging pig producers to use welfare positive, bedded systems. In situ composting is a system of housing in which pigs are contained on a deep bed of sawdust. The bed is actively managed by aeration and the use of commercial additives to encourage composting of excreta as it is produced. The system appears to give an odour and liquid free environment. Such systems cannot be encouraged however until it is clearly established that there are no environmental or health disadvantages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document