scholarly journals Benefits of treating a sandy soil with a crosslinked-type polyacrylamide

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sivapalan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Deep Percolation ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Water Holding

The productivity of sandy soils is mostly limited by their low water-holding capacity and excessive deep percolation losses, which reduce the efficiency of water and fertiliser use by plants. The effect of a crosslinked-type polyacrylamide, ALCOSORB 400, on water-holding capacity of a sandy soil, siliceous sands, was studied under the laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Water-holding capacity of the soil exposed to 0.01 MPa increased by 23 and 95% by adding 0.03 and 0.07% of polyacrylamide to the soil, respectively. This indicated that the soil treated with polyacrylamide was able to store more water than untreated soil, thereby reducing the potential losses due to deep percolation in sandy soils. However, the polyacrylamide in the treated soil did not significantly increase the quantity of water released from the soil by increasing the pressure from 0.01 to 1.5 MPa. The results from the first glasshouse experiment demonstrated that the excess amount of water stored in the soil by polyacrylamide was available to plants and resulted in higher water use and grain production. Consequently, there was a 12 and 18 fold increase in water use efficiency of soybean plants grown in soils treated with 0.03 and 0.07% polyacrylamide, respectively. The results from the second glasshouse experiment demonstrated that increasing amounts of polyacrylamides in a sandy soil can extend the irrigation interval without any adverse effect on the grain yield of soybeans.

scholarly journals Role of Biochar in Improving Sandy Soil Water Retention and Resilience to Drought

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Yong-Jiang Zhang ◽  
Abigayl Novak ◽  
Yingchao Yang ◽  
Jinwu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Holding

In recent years, plants in sandy soils have been impacted by increased climate variability due to weak water holding and temperature buffering capacities of the parent material. The projected impact spreads all over the world, including New England, USA. Many regions of the world may experience an increase in frequency and severity of drought, which can be attributed to an increased variability in precipitation and enhanced water loss due to warming. The overall benefits of biochar in environmental management have been extensively investigated. This review aims to discuss the water holding capacity of biochar from the points of view of fluid mechanics and propose several prioritized future research topics. To understand the impacts of biochar on sandy soils in-depth, sandy soil properties (surface area, pore size, water properties, and characteristics) and how biochar could improve the soil quality as well as plant growth, development, and yield are reviewed. Incorporating biochar into sandy soils could result in a net increase in the surface area, a stronger hydrophobicity at a lower temperature, and an increase in the micropores to maximize gap spaces. The capability of biochar in reducing fertilizer drainage through increasing water retention can improve crop productivity and reduce the nutrient leaching rate in agricultural practices. To advance research in biochar products and address the impacts of increasing climate variability, future research may focus on the role of biochar in enhancing soil water retention, plant water use efficiency, crop resistance to drought, and crop productivity.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SHELTER BELTS AND IRRIGATION ON WATER USE IN A DRY REGION

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENGT ROGNERUD ◽  
KNUT VÅRUM
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Shelter Belts ◽  
Neutron Moisture ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Very High

This article describes an investigation of irrigation and water use in an area with wooden shelter belts. Soil moisture was measured using a neutron moisture probe and tensiometers. The soil is deep and the water holding capacity is very high. Values of actual evapotranspiration on irrigated and non-irrigated plots are presented.

Yield potential of reduced-branching lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) on sandy soils in a short season environment

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hamblin ◽  
R Delane ◽  
A Bishop ◽  
J Gladstones
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Water Holding

Experiments that compare the yield potential of reduced branching narrow-leafed lupins with that of the conventional branched types show that on sandy soils of low water-holding capacity in a short season environment, reduced-branching lupins have a higher yield potential than current cultivars. The yield potential of these new types appears to be maintained over a wide range of environmental yield levels. L. angustifolius was higher yielding than L. albus or L. cosentinii genotypes of similar maturity.

Effect of olive oil cake on water holding capacity of sandy soils in Libya

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. El-Asswad ◽  
A.O. Said ◽  
M.T. Mornag
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Using a Crop Simulation Model to Understand the Impact of Risk Aversion on Optimal Irrigation Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 2111-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rulianda P. Wibowo ◽  
Nathan P. Hendricks ◽  
Isaya Kisekka ◽  
Alemie Araya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Seasonal Irrigation

Abstract. We studied optimal irrigation management by risk-averse farmers with different soil types under limited well capacity. Our modeling framework allowed us to assess the optimal adjustment along the intensive margins (i.e., changes in seasonal irrigation depth) and along the extensive margins (i.e., changes in irrigated area). Our empirical application uses AquaCrop to simulate corn yields with historical weather in southwest Kansas under a large number of potential irrigation strategies. We show that risk aversion significantly increases total water use, especially for low and medium well capacities. While farmers decreased irrigated area due to risk aversion, the increase in water use occurred because it was optimal to increase the seasonal irrigation depth to reduce production risk. The increase in seasonal irrigation depth arises mostly from reduced management allowable depletion (MAD) levels in the initial crop growth stages of corn. Counterintuitively, risk aversion had a smaller impact on water use for a soil with a smaller soil water holding capacity. This result arises because optimal irrigation under risk neutrality is larger for soils with a smaller water holding capacity. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for risk aversion when estimating the optimal irrigation management strategy and show that the impact of risk aversion differs significantly by well capacity and soil type. Keywords: AquaCrop, Irrigation, Risk, Well capacity.

PEAK FLOW REQUIREMENTS FOR SPRINKLER IRRIGATION OF ORCHARDS AS AFFECTED BY SOIL TEXTURE AND PEAK EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
J. C. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Steady Flow ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Water Holding

A scheduling procedure was used in 17 orchards, from 1962 to 1965 inclusive, to determine the peak flow of irrigation water required per unit area of land. Irrigation was by the sprinkler method, with portable pipe settings of 12 hours. Peak flow was determined on a steady-flow basis during periods of peak evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiration (ET) was determined by use of evaporimeters. The texture and the water-holding capacity of the soil were also determined. Highly significant coefficients of correlation were obtained between the peak flow required and each of percent sand, average ET per day during the period of peak ET, depth of water applied at each irrigation, length of irrigation interval and various other factors. High correlation coefficients were also obtained among the factors studied. Regression of percent sand and peak ET on peak flow accounted for 90.6% of the variations in peak flow; regression of depth per application and length of irrigation interval accounted for 84.1%. It is suggested that peak flow was affected directly by the depth of water applied at each irrigation and by the length of the "safe" irrigation interval, and indirectly by other factors.

scholarly journals Assessing potential of biochar for increasing water-holding capacity of sandy soils

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres S. Basso ◽  
Fernando E. Miguez ◽  
David A. Laird ◽  
Robert Horton ◽  
Mark Westgate
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

scholarly journals Soil–water characteristic curves of extracellular polymeric substances-affected soils and sensitivity analyses of correlated parameters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Jianmin Bian ◽  
Hanli Wan ◽  
Nan Wei ◽  
Yuxi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Correlated Parameters ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract Quantifying the manners in which biological activity may alter the hydraulic properties of soils (SWCCs) is vital for understanding and engineering water pollution and supply systems. The study used centrifugation and a sand funnel method to determine the SWCCs of pure sandy soils with different particle sizes and sandy soils mixed with different extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) analogs. Sensitivity of correlated parameters for SWCCs obtained using a van Genuchten (VG) model was analyzed by a single-factor perturbation analysis. The results show (1) that fine sand has the strongest water retention ability. (2) The more polysaccharide contents in the media, the stronger its water-holding capacity. Polysaccharide not only has its strong water holding capacity, but also changed the structure of medium to increase water holding capacity. The humic acid and protein components had little effect on the hydrodynamic properties of fine sandy soil. (3) Sensitivity analyses revealed that the saturated water content, θs, greatly affected the ability of solute transport to reach equilibrium concentrations. Therefore, it is very necessary to define the range of media particles and component content,and ensure the accuracy of VG model parameters in the practical application of soil media affected by biological activity.

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