scholarly journals Identification and multi-environment validation of resistance to rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) in Vicia faba

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina C. Sillero ◽  
María M. Rojas-Molina ◽  
Amero A. Emeran ◽  
Mohamed Kharrat ◽  
Johanna Winkler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Stability Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

A germplasm collection of 484 accessions of Vicia faba was screened for resistance to rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) under field conditions. Accessions varied in the levels of rust infection, although no complete resistance was identified. Stability of resistance of the 39 most-resistant accessions was tested in a multi-location experiment in Austria, Egypt, Tunisia, United Kingdom and Spain over three additional field seasons. Genotype × environment interaction accounted for 43% of the sum of squares of the multi-environment evaluation, revealing instability of the phenotypic expression across environments. This might hamper the efficiency of selection suggesting the need for selection in different environments. Three possible mega-environments were discerned in the studied area, Mediterranean (Spain, Tunisia and Egypt), Oceanic (UK) and Continental (Austria). Córdoba (Spain) and Kafr El-Sheik (Egypt) showed as ideal environments for rust resistance screenings within Mediterranean environment. Several accessions (300, 303, 311, 313, 720, 1196 and 1271) were grouped as moderately to highly resistant in the three defined mega-environments. These accessions showed clear differences both in terms of reduced disease severity and high stability, which make them good candidates for international faba bean breeding programmes. Concerning each mega-environment, accessions 300 and 311 were the most resistant and stable ones across the Mediterranean one, followed by accessions 720, 1022, 1272, 1320 and BPL261. On the contrary other accessions (313, 452, 481 and 1196) were the most resistant in Oceanic and Continental environments. However, 452 and 481 were susceptible in the Mediterranean mega-environment. This contrasting performance across the environments was also supported by contradictory performance of the checks BPL261 and Baraca in Oceanic and Continental environments, suggesting differential virulence in rust populations, which deserves further attention.

scholarly journals Genotype-environment interaction and the number of test sites for the genetic improvement of rubber trees (Hevea) in São Paulo State, Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Brito da Costa ◽  
Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende ◽  
Antonio José de Araujo ◽  
Paulo de Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Antonio Lúcio Mello Martins
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Ideal Number ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The present study quantifies the possible genotype-environment interactions and determines the ideal number of test sites for rubber trees [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell Arg] in the plateau region of São Paulo State. The study was based on the genetic correlation among progenies at three different sites and on estimates of genetic gains with indirect selection of rubber trees. Twenty-two half-sib progenies were planted at the Jaú, Pindorama and Votuporanga experimental stations using random blocks with five replications and 10 plants per plot. At three years of age, the plants were evaluated for their total number of latex ring vessels (NR), rubber production (RP), bark thickness (BT) and girth (SG). There was significant genetic variability in the characters RP, SG and BT, mainly among progenies from Pindorama and Votuporanga. The effects of genotype-site interactions were significant for RP and SG. The finding of significant interactions was not a complicating factor because of the large genetic correlation detected. These results indicate that the use of two sites is more profitable when the gains in efficiency of selection are greater than 10%. Thus, Pindorama and Votuporanga will satisfactorily attend the studied region.

Genetic differences for size and shape in inbred lines of Poecilia reticulata

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-333
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Vanelli ◽  
Gabriella Rocchetta ◽  
Carlo Pancaldi
Keyword(s):  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Environmental Component ◽  
The Mean

The model of K. Mather is applied to partition the mean phenotypic expression of the "size" and "shape" traits during the growth in inbred lines and their F1 generations of Poecilia reticulata. In particular, the dynamics of the environmental and interaction components during growth have been analyzed. The results obtained for the "shape" show that the genotype – environment interaction is proportional to the effect of the environment so that the genetic differences evaluated for this trait are amplified in the last age considered. On the other hand, the lack of this kind of relationship, estimated for the size trait, and a greater weight of the environmental component, suggest that it is not possible to identify a particular age at which genetic differences between lines could be more easily detectable for this trait within the range analyzed.Key words: Poecilia, quantitative.

Identification of promising resistance sources against sheath blight from the annual wild species of rice Oryza nivara (Sharma et Shastry)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-558
Author(s):  
S. K. Aggarwal ◽  
K. Neelam ◽  
Jyoti Jain ◽  
Rupinder Kaur ◽  
P. P. S. Pannu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Oryza Nivara ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Sheath Blight Resistance

AbstractSheath blight caused by soil borne necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani [teleomorph-Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk.] is a major disease of rice. The disease is increasing over the year in India and cause up to 69% yield loss under favourable conditions. A total of 67 accessions of Oryza nivara were screened to identify resistance against sheath blight during 2015. Out of these, 16 accessions were found moderately resistant (MR) which were further evaluated during the year 2016 and 2017. After three years of screening, 12 of them were found to have a consistent moderate resistant reaction whereas four of the O. nivara accessions namely, IRGC81941, IRGC102463C, CR100097 and CR100110A have shown moderately susceptible to susceptible reaction against sheath blight. A correlation study revealed that different disease variables measured were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated. All the genotypes and genotype × environment interaction had a significant (P < 0.001) effect on all the disease variables. Cluster analysis showed that all the accessions were clustered into four groups which showed resistant, MR, moderately susceptible and susceptible reactions. Among all the O. nivara accessions IRGC81941A showed the maximum potential against sheath blight due to a least relative lesion height of 22.80%. None of the accession had complete resistance to the disease. The identified promising accessions such as IRGC81835, IRGC81941A, CR100008 and CR100111B can be utilized in a sheath blight resistance breeding program.

scholarly journals Genotype × Environment Interaction of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes for Phytochemical and Agronomic Traits

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-135
Author(s):  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Randhir Kumar ◽  
Shirin Akhtar ◽  
R. B. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Linear Component ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Twenty-one brinjal hybrids along with their seven parents and one hybrid check were evaluated in three seasons, viz., autumn-winter, rainy and summer for the study of genotype x environment interaction for different traits and identification of the stable genotypes. Stability analysis revealed that the variance due to genotypes was highly significant for all the characters studied when tested against pooled deviations except days to 50% flowering and days to 1st harvest. Likewise, variance due to E + (G × E) was highly significant for all characters but significant for days to 1st harvest. The genotypes × environments (linear) component for days to 50% flowering and days to 1st harvest were non-significant when tested against pooled deviation which suggested the preponderance of non-linear component as compared to linear component for both these characters. Rajendra Baigan-2 x BRBL-02, Rajendra Baigan-2 x BRBL-01, Rajendra Baigan-2 x BRBL-04, Muktakeshi x BRBL-01, Muktakeshi x BRBL-04, BRBL-02 x BRBL-04, Swarna Mani x BRBL-01, BRBR-01 x BRBL-01 and BRBR-01 x BRBL-04 were identified as stable hybrids and BRBL-01 and BRBL-04 were stable parents in terms of yield/ plant. BRBL-02 x BRBL-04 was stable in terms of total sugar content, total anthocyanin content and total phenolics content. These genotypes may be utilized for planting throughout the year with good performance and utilized in breeding programmes for developing stable genotypes.

Genotype-Environment Interaction in Calf Production. II. Live Measurements and Carcass Traits

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Batra ◽  
W. R. Usborne ◽  
D. G. Grieve ◽  
E. B. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction
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