Identification of QTLs for shoot and root growth under ionic–osmotic stress in Lotus, using a RIL population

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gastón Quero ◽  
Lucía Gutíerrez ◽  
Ramiro Lascano ◽  
Jorge Monza ◽  
Niels Sandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Parental Allele ◽  
Ionic Stress ◽  
Ril Population

The genus Lotus includes a group of forage legume species including genotypes of agronomic interest and model species. In this work, an experimental hydroponic growth system allowed the discrimination of growth responses to ionic–osmotic stress in a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from L. japonicus × L. burttii and the identification of the associated quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The analyses led to the identification of eight QTLs: three for shoot growth localised on chromosome 3, 5 and 6; one for root growth on chromosome 1; three for total growth on chromosome 1, 4 and 5; and one associated with shoot/root ratio on chromosome 3. An interaction of QTL × stress condition was established and the effect of the environment quantified. In summary, it was established that the allele from L. burttii explained most responses to osmotic stress, while the alleles of L. japonicus explained the responses related to ionic stress conditions. Of 49 markers linked to all QTLs identified, 41 expressed superiority of the L. burttii parental allele in the osmotic stress condition, but when an iso-osmotic concentration of NaCl was applied, L. burttii lost superiority in 21 of these markers. This shows the superiority of the L. japonicus parental allele in ionic stress conditions. This study is the first report in which a RIL population of lotus is analysed with the aim of providing molecular markers associated with plant responses to ionic or osmotic stress.

scholarly journals The role of osmotic adjustment, cell production and sugar accumulation for the root growth under the osmotic stress condition.

Root Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ogawa ◽  
Choji Kawashima ◽  
Kinji Kitamichi ◽  
Kyoko Toyofuku ◽  
Akira Yamauchi
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Cell Production

Effects of Osmotic Water Stress and Gibberellic Acid on Initial Growth of Oak Seedlings

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Larson ◽  
I. Palashev
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
White Oak ◽  
High Stress Condition ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Red and white oak seeds were treated and untreated with gibberellic acid (GA) and then watered with graded polyethylene glycol 400 solutions to simulate various soil water stress conditions. Seedling growth decreased as the osmotic potential of the soil solution decreased from −1/3 bars to −4 bars to −8 bars (the low, moderate, and high osmotic stress conditions, respectively). Seedling dry weights at high stress condition averaged only 11% of seedling dry weights at low stress condition. At high stress condition, shoot growth was more suppressed than root growth. White oak roots grew somewhat better than red oak roots at high stress condition.Treatment of seed with GA prior to germination stimulated stem elongation and number of leaves per plant but inhibited formation of lateral roots and other aspects of shoot and root growth, especially among white oak seedlings. The GA-stimulated stem growth observed at the low stress condition was completely suppressed at moderate and high stress conditions. GA-white oak seedlings appeared to be less tolerant of soil stress than untreated seedlings.

scholarly journals Natural Root Cellular Variation in Responses to Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Cajero-Sanchez ◽  
Pamela Aceves-Garcia ◽  
María Fernández-Marcos ◽  
Crisanto Gutiérrez ◽  
Ulises Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Root Apical Meristem ◽  
Radial Expansion ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Root Tissues

Arabidopsis naturally occurring populations have allowed for the identification of considerable genetic variation remodeled by adaptation to different environments and stress conditions. Water is a key resource that limits plant growth, and its availability is initially sensed by root tissues. The root’s ability to adjust its physiology and morphology under water deficit makes this organ a useful model to understand how plants respond to water stress. Here, we used hyperosmotic shock stress treatments in different Arabidopsis accessions to analyze the root cell morphological responses. We found that osmotic stress conditions reduced root growth and root apical meristem (RAM) size, promoting premature cell differentiation without affecting the stem cell niche morphology. This phenotype was accompanied by a cluster of small epidermal and cortex cells with radial expansion and root hairs at the transition to the elongation zone. We also found this radial expansion with root hairs when plants are grown under hypoosmotic conditions. Finally, root growth was less affected by osmotic stress in the Sg-2 accession followed by Ws, Cvi-0, and Col-0; however, after a strong osmotic stress, Sg-2 and Cvi-0 were the most resilience accessions. The sensitivity differences among these accessions were not explained by stress-related gene expression. This work provides new cellular insights on the Arabidopsis root phenotypic variability and plasticity to osmotic stress.

SOLUBILISATION D'ENZYMES HYDROLYTIQUES CHEZ GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM, G. ANOMALUM ET DES DERIVES DE L'HYBRIDATION ENTRE CES DEUX ESPECES

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Vieira da Silva ◽  
Ch. Poisson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Hereditary Material ◽  
Wild Parent ◽  
Segregating Population

Hybrid derivatives between Gossypium anomalum and G. hirsutum, both 2n + 1 aneuploids for chromosome 3 of G. anomalum and euploids derived from this segregating population, exhibit under osmotic stress conditions the same pattern of solubilization of the hydrolytic enzymes, β-fructofuranosidase, β-amylase and acid phosphatase, as the wild parent G. anomalum.This biochemical relationship and the slightly changed phenotype, suggest that the hereditary material could have been transferred from G. anomalum to the euploids.

scholarly journals Abscisic acid regulates root growth under osmotic stress conditions via an interacting hormonal network with cytokinin, ethylene and auxin

2016 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Rowe ◽  
Jennifer F. Topping ◽  
Junli Liu ◽  
Keith Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Stress Conditions

scholarly journals Silicon Stimulates Plant Growth and Metabolism in Rice Plants under Conventional and Osmotic Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Sara Monzerrat Ramírez-Olvera ◽  
Libia Iris Trejo-Téllez ◽  
Fernando Carlos Gómez-Merino ◽  
Lucero del Mar Ruíz-Posadas ◽  
Ernesto Gabriel Alcántar-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Peg 8000

Exogenous silicon (Si) can enhance plant resistance to various abiotic factors causing osmotic stress. The objective of this research was to evaluate the application of 1 and 2 mM Si to plants under normal conditions and under osmotic stress. Morelos A-98 rice seedlings, were treated with 1 and 2 mM SiO2 for 28 d. Subsequently, half of the plants were subjected to osmotic stress with the addition of 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000; and continued with the addition of Si (0, 1 and 2 mM SiO2) for both conditions. The application of Si under both conditions increased chlorophyll b in leaves, root volume, as well as fresh and dry biomass of roots. Interestingly, the number of tillers, shoot fresh and dry biomass, shoot water content, concentration of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b ratio, and the concentration of total sugars and proline in shoot increased with the addition of Si under osmotic stress conditions. The addition of Si under normal conditions decreased the concentration of sugars in the roots, K and Mn in roots, and increased the concentration of Fe and Zn in shoots. Therefore, Si can be used as a potent inorganic biostimulant in rice Morelos A-98 since it stimulates plant growth and modulates the concentration of vital biomolecules and essential nutrients.

scholarly journals Impact of Mycorrhization on Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency of Acacia gummifera and Retama monosperma under Salt Stress

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Abdessamad Fakhech ◽  
Martin Jemo ◽  
Najat Manaut ◽  
Lahcen Ouahmane ◽  
Mohamed Hafidi
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Phosphorus Utilization ◽  
Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Shoot And Root Growth

The impact of salt stress on the growth and phosphorus utilization efficiency (PUE) of two leguminous species: Retama monosperma and Acacia gummifera was studied. The effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to mitigate salt stress was furthermore assessed. Growth, N and P tissue concentrations, mycorrhizal root colonization frequency and intensity, and P utilization efficiency (PUE) in the absence or presence of AMF were evaluated under no salt (0 mM L−1) and three salt (NaCl) concentrations of (25, 50 and 100 mM L−1) using a natural sterilized soil. A significant difference in mycorrhizal colonization intensity, root-to-shoot ratio, P uptake, PUE, and N uptake was observed between the legume species. Salt stress inhibited the shoot and root growth, and reduced P and N uptake by the legume species. Mycorrhizal inoculation aided to mitigate the effects of salt stress with an average increase of shoot and root growth responses by 35% and 32% in the inoculated than in the non-inoculated A. gummifera treatments. The average shoot and root growth responses were 37% and 45% higher in the inoculated compared to the non-inoculated treatments of R. monosperma. Average mycorrhizal shoot and root P uptake responses were 66% and 68% under A. gummifera, and 40% and 95% under R. monosperma, respectively. Mycorrhizal inoculated treatments consistently maintained lower PUE in the roots. The results provide insights for further investigations on the AMF conferred mechanisms to salt stress tolerance response by A. gummifera and R. monosperma, to enable the development of effective technologies for sustainable afforestation and reforestation programs in the Atlantic coast of Morocco.

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 1 Gene Is Involved in Anisotropic Root Growth during Osmotic Stress Adaptation

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
María Belén Cuadrado-Pedetti ◽  
Inés Rauschert ◽  
María Martha Sainz ◽  
Vítor Amorim-Silva ◽  
Miguel Angel Botella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Elongation Zone ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Mean

Mutations in the Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 1 (TTL1) gene cause reduced tolerance to osmotic stress evidenced by an arrest in root growth and root swelling, which makes it an interesting model to explore how root growth is controlled under stress conditions. We found that osmotic stress reduced the growth rate of the primary root by inhibiting the cell elongation in the elongation zone followed by a reduction in the number of cortical cells in the proximal meristem. We then studied the stiffness of epidermal cell walls in the root elongation zone of ttl1 mutants under osmotic stress using atomic force microscopy. In plants grown in control conditions, the mean apparent elastic modulus was 448% higher for live Col-0 cell walls than for ttl1 (88.1 ± 2.8 vs. 16.08 ± 6.9 kPa). Seven days of osmotic stress caused an increase in the stiffness in the cell wall of the cells from the elongation zone of 87% and 84% for Col-0 and ttl1, respectively. These findings suggest that TTL1 may play a role controlling cell expansion orientation during root growth, necessary for osmotic stress adaptation.

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