Molten potassium pyrosulfate: the reactions of alkali metal hydroxides, hydrogen carbonates and carbonates

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
AN Ford ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Metal Hydroxides ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonates ◽  
Oxide Ions ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The reactions of hydroxides of lithium, sodium and potassium; hydrogen carbonates of sodium and potassium and carbonates of lithium, sodium and potassium with molten potassium pyrosulfate were studied. It was found that during these Lux-Flood acid-base reactions, hydroxides, hydrogen carbonates and carbonates reacted with pyrosulfate to produce water, water plus carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide alone respectively, as the gaseous products. Pyrosulfate, after accepting oxide ions from these bases, was found in each case to be converted into sulfate. The temperatures and stoichiometries of these reactions have been established.

Molten potassium pyrosulfate: the reactions of alkali metal oxides, peroxides, nitrites and nitrates

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
AN Ford ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Lithium Oxide ◽  
Sodium Peroxide ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Oxide Ion

The reactions of lithium oxide, sodium peroxide, the nitrites of sodium and potassium, and the nitrates of lithium, sodium and potassium with molten potassium pyrosulfate were investigated. It was found that gaseous products of reactions of peroxide, nitrites and nitrates consisted of, respectively, oxygen, nitrogen dioxide plus nitric oxide, and nitrogen dioxide plus oxygen. Pyrosulfate, after accepting an oxide ion from each of the above oxyanions, was converted into sulfate. The range of temperatures and stoichiometries of these reactions have been established.

scholarly journals Effect of Inorganic Salts on Acrylamide Formation in Cereal Matrices

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (Special Issue 1) ◽  
pp. S425-S428 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kukurová ◽  
Z. Ciesarová ◽  
A. Bednáriková ◽  
L. Marková
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate

The aim of the work was to compare the impact of different salts such as monovalent and divalent chlorides, hydrogencarbonates, phosphates and lactate on acrylamide formation in cereal model system during baking at 190°C for 9 min. Ammonium hydrogencarbonate promoted acrylamide production significantly. On the other hand, other inorganic salts lowered acrylamide content. Calcium chloride was the most effective with near to 90% acrylamide elimination ability. Sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium as well as potassium dihydrogen phosphate were also very effective and brought about 75% acrylamide content decrease, followed by calcium lactate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride causing 40–45% of acrylamide elimination and finally sodium and potassium hydrogen carbonates that achieved 30% reduction of acrylamide.

Kinetics of temperature-programmed reactivation of a hydrodesulphurization catalyst

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 3340-3355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Fott ◽  
Pavel Šebesta
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Diffusion Region ◽  
Reaction Heat ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetic parameters of reactivation of a carbonized hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalyst by air were evaluated from combined thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) data. In addition, the gaseous products leaving a temperature-programmed reactor with a thin layer of catalyst were analyzed chromatographically. Two exothermic processes were found to take part in the reactivation, and their kinetics were described by 1st order equations. In the first process (180-400 °C), sulphur in Co and Mo sulphides is oxidized to sulphur dioxide; in the second process (300-540 °C), in which the essential portion of heat is produced, the deposited carbon is oxidized to give predominantly carbon dioxide. If the reaction heat is not removed efficiently enough, ignition of the catalyst takes place, which is associated with a transition to the diffusion region. The application of the obtained kinetic parameters to modelling a temperature-programmed reactivation is illustrated on the case of a single particle.

Alkali hexatitanate photocatalysts with various morphologies for selective reduction of carbon dioxide by water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
XING· ZHU ◽  
Akira Yamamoto ◽  
Hisao Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Selective Reduction ◽  
Photocatalytic Reduction

Various alkali-metal hexatitanate photocatalysts were examined for photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with water. Four types of alkali-metal hexatitanate samples (A2Ti6O13, A=Na, K, Rb, and Cs) were successfully prepared by...

scholarly journals Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound imaging can be used to evaluate fetal cerebral perfusion: potential implications for fetal surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall M. Lawrence ◽  
Barbara E. Coons ◽  
Anush Sridharan ◽  
Avery C. Rossidis ◽  
Marcus G. Davey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Fetal Surgery ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Support Device ◽  
Acid Base Status

Abstract Background Fetal surgery is increasingly performed to correct congenital defects. Currently, fetal brain perfusion cannot be assessed intra-operatively. The purpose of this study was to determine if contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could be used to monitor fetal cerebral perfusion during fetal surgery and if parameters correlate with fetal hemodynamics or acid/base status. Methods Cannulated fetal sheep were insufflated with carbon dioxide gas in an extra-uterine support device and in utero to mimic fetal surgery. Fetal heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and arterial blood gases were serially measured. CEUS examinations of the brain were performed and time-dependent metrics were quantified to evaluate perfusion. The relationships between measured parameters were determined with mixed linear effects models or two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results 6 fetal sheep (113 ± 5 days) insufflated at multiple time-points (n = 20 experiments) in an extra-uterine support device demonstrated significant correlations between time-dependent perfusion parameters and fetal pH and carbon dioxide levels. In utero, 4 insufflated fetuses (105 ± 1 days) developed hypercarbic acidosis and had reductions in cerebral perfusion parameters compared to age-matched controls (n = 3). There was no significant relationship between cerebral perfusion parameters and fetal hemodynamics. Conclusions CEUS-derived cerebral perfusion parameters can be measured during simulated fetal surgery and strongly correlate with fetal acid/base status.

Structure of aqueous dioxane solutions of alkali metal hydroxides according to PMR data

1980 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
N. G. Dovbysh ◽  
Yu. A. Volokhov ◽  
V. B. Lebedev ◽  
V. M. Sizyakov ◽  
V. E. Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Aqueous Dioxane ◽  
Metal Hydroxides ◽  
Alkali Metal Hydroxides
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