Pyrimidine reactions. XXIV. The dehalogenation of 2-halogenopyrimidines by hydriodic acid

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Brown ◽  
P Waring
Keyword(s):  
Pure State ◽  
Hydriodic Acid ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
Amino Pyrimidine ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Iodo Derivative ◽  
Made In

2-Halogenopyrimidines underwent dehalogenation conveniently on treatment with hot hydriodic acid; 4,6-dimethyl-, 4,6-diphenyl-, 5- methyl-, 4-methyl-, and 4-amino-pyrimidine were so prepared from their respective 2-chloro derivatives, of which the second and third were made by improved methods; unsubstituted pyrimidine was obtained similarly from its 2-chloro, 2-bromo, or 2-iodo derivative, of which the last was made in a pure state for the first time. In contrast, 4- chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine underwent hydrolysis in hot hydriodic acid and transhalogenation to give its 4-iodo analogue at lower temperatures; both 2-chloro-4-methoxy-pyrimidine and 5-chlorouracil gave uracil with hot hydriodic acid; and 4-chloro- 2,6- dimethoxypyrimidine gave 6-iodouracil under similar conditions.

Trifluoromethyl derivatives of pentagon-fused C60: 1809C60(CF3)n (n = 10, 12, 14, 16)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda B. Tamm ◽  
Vitaliy Yu. Markov ◽  
Sergey I. Troyanov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Chemistry ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of

The structural chemistry of trifluoromethyl derivatives of non-IPR 1809C60 is discussed and compared with related chloro derivatives for the first time.

CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF CIS-TRANS ISOMERS DERIVED FROM 3,3-DIPHENYL-1-HYDRINDONE. SYNTHESIS OF 3,3-DIPHENYLHYDRINDENE AND SOME OF ITS DERIVATIVES

1941 ◽  
Vol 19b (11) ◽  
pp. 275-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Gagnon ◽  
Ls. Phil. Charette
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Trans Isomers ◽  
Condensation Products ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of

Cis-trans isomers were obtained by condensation of 3,3-diphenyl-1-hydrindone with benzaldehyde or its o- and m-methyl-, o- and p-methoxy-, o-ethoxy, o- and p-chloro-derivatives; and by conversion of the condensation products by treatment with acetic acid.3,3-Diphenyl-1-hydrindone was reduced to 3,3-diphenylhydrindene, and the condensation products of that ketone with the above mentioned aldehydes to derivatives of 3,3-diphenylhydrindene.The methods of preparation of trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl-2-benzylidene-1-hydrindone and of 3,3-diphenylhydrindene have been improved and the following compounds are described, as far as the authors are aware, for the first time: trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl-2-(o-methylbenzylidene)-1-hydrindone, trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl-2-(m-methylbenzylidene)-1-hydrindone, trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl - 2 - (o-methoxybenzylidene) - 1 - hydrindone, trans- and cis- 3,3-diphenyl-2-(p-methoxybenzylidene)-1-hydrindone, trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl-2-(o-ethoxybenzylidene)-1-hydrindone, trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl-2-(o-chlorobenzylidene)-1-hydrindone, trans- and cis-3,3-diphenyl-2-(p-chlorobenzylidene)-1-hydrindone, 3,3- diphenyl - 2-benzyl - hydrindene, 3,3-diphenyl - 2 - (o-methylbenzyl)-hydrindene, 3,3-diphenyl-2-(m-methylbenzyl)-hydrindene, 3,3-diphenyl-2-(o-methoxybenzyl)-hydrindene, 3,3-diphenyl-2-(p-methoxybenzyl)-hydrindene, 3,3-diphenyl-2- (o-ethoxybenzyl) - hydrindene, 3,3-diphenyl-2-(o-chlorobenzyl)-hydrindene,3,3-diphenyl-2-(p-chlorobenzyl)-hydrindene.

Mosses and lichens of Shokalsky Island (Kara Sea, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Beldiman ◽  
I. N. Urbanavichene ◽  
V. E. Fedosov ◽  
E. Yu. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
South West ◽  
West Part ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
Made In

We studied in detail a moss-lichen component of Shokalsky Island vegetation for the first time and identified 79 species of mosses and 54 species and 2 subspecies of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. All species of mosses and 23 species and 2 subspecies of lichens and lichenicolous fungi are recorded for the first time for the island. The study is based on collections made in South West part of the island, in arctic tundra. We also explored the participation of the mosses and lichens in the main types of plant communities and the species distribution in 10 ecotopes. The paper describes the noteworthy findings (Abrothallus parmeliarum, Aongstroemia longipes, Arthonia peltigerea, Caloplaca caesiorufella, Catillaria stereocaulorum, Ceratodon heterophyllus, Lecanora leptacinella, Sphagnum concinnum, S. olafii) and features of bryo- and lichenoflora of Shokalsky Island.

Toxicity of Para-Chloro Substituted Benzene Derivatives in the Microtox™ Test

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus L.E. Kaiser ◽  
Juan M. Ribo ◽  
Brian M. Zaruk
Keyword(s):  
General Formula ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Photobacterium Phosphoreum ◽  
Benzene Derivatives ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Chlorinated Benzenes ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract This paper gives the results of part of a systematic investigation into contaminant toxicity to Photobacterium phosphoreum in the Microtox™ test. Reported are the toxicity values for 39 para-chloro substituted benzene derivatives of the general formula l-Cl-C6h4-4-X=CH2CH(NH2)COOH, F, SO2NH2, OCH2COOH, CH2COOH, CONHNH2, NHCOCH3, CONH2, CH=CHCOOH, SeOOH, CH2NH2, CH2CH2NH2, NO2, H, CF3, CHO, CH2OH, OH, CH3, CCl3, COCH3, COOH, NH2, SO2C6H5, Cl, CH2COCH3, COCl, CN, OCH3, NCO, NHCH3, I, COC6H5, CH2Cl, SH, CH2SH, NCS, CH2CN and SO2C6H4Cl. Except for the last compound, whose solubility is below the required concentration, the toxicities increase in the presented order with a total range of more than three orders of magnitude. The data are discussed in terms of quantitative structure-toxicity correlations with compound-specific structural parameters. In combination with a previously developed submodel on chlorinated benzenes, phenols, nitrobenzenes and anilines, the observed relationships allow the prediction of the toxicity of some 780 possible chloro derivatives of the general formula C6H5-nClnX, where n=<5 and X is a functional group as listed above.

Some 6-substituted derivatives of D-8-cyanomethylergoline-I and D-8-methylergoline-I

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 946-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonín Černý ◽  
Jiří Křepelka ◽  
Miroslav Semonský
Keyword(s):  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Compounds III-XX exhibiting antilactation and antinidation effects in tests on rats were prepared on N(6)-alkylation of D-8-cyanomethylergoline-I (I) or D-8-methylergoline-I (II) with corresponding bromo (chloro) derivatives in dimethylformamide. The most distinct prolactin-inhibiting activity was found in compound III.

Some 1-substitution derivatives of 4-aryl-2,3-dihalogeno-1-naphthols

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Křepelka ◽  
Drahuše Vlčková ◽  
Milan Mělka
Keyword(s):  
Thionyl Chloride ◽  
Oxirane Ring ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Lytic Effect ◽  
Primary And Secondary Amines ◽  
Phase Medium ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Alkylation of derivatives of 4-aryl-1-naphthols (I-V) by 2,3-epoxypropyl chloride in methanolic sodium hydroxide gave epoxy derivatives VI, VIII, IX, XI and XII, apart from products of cleavage of the oxirane ring, VII and X. Analogous alkylation of compounds I, IV and V by 2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl chloride hydrochloride in a two-phase medium afforded basic ethers XIII to XV. The cleavage of the oxirane ring in compound VI by the action of primary and secondary amines, piperidine and substituted piperazines led to compounds XVI-XXIV. Reaction of thionyl chloride with compounds XXI, XXII and XXIV gave chloro derivatives XXV-XXVII.Exposure of compound XXII to 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride produced compound XXVIII, retaining the secondary alcoholic group. In an antineoplastic screening in vivo none of the compounds prepared had an appreciable activity. Compound XVII, being an analogue of propranolol, was used in the test of isoproterenolic tachycardia, and showed a beta-lytic effect comparable with that of propranol.

Fluorinated tricyclic neuroleptics with prolonged action: 8-Methoxy, 8-ethoxy, 8-ethylthio and 8-hydroxy derivatives of 3-fluoro-10-(4-methylpiperazino)-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepin

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1382-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Jílek ◽  
Josef Pomykáček ◽  
Jiřina Metyšová ◽  
Miroslav Protiva
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Polyphosphoric Acid ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Methoxy Derivative ◽  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
Boron Tribromide ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Central Depressant ◽  
Boiling Toluene

Acids IIa-c were prepared by reactions of (4-fluoro-2-iodophenyl)acetic acid with 4-methoxythiophenol, 4-ethoxythiophenol and 4-(ethylthio)thiophenol and cyclized with polyphosphoric acid in boiling toluene to dibenzo[b,f]thiepin-10(11H)-ones IIIa-c. Reduction with sodium borohydride afforded the alcohols IVa-c which were treated with hydrogen chloride and gave the chloro derivatives Va-c. Substitution reactions with 1-methylpiperazine resulted in the title compounds Ia-c out of which the methoxy derivative Ia was transformed by demethylation with boron tribromide to the phenol Id. Compounds Ia-d are very potent neuroleptics exhibiting a clear prolongation of the central depressant and some prolongation of the cataleptic activity.

An Update on Improved Flange Design Methods

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Brown
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Design Improvement ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Made In

This paper details further progress made in the PVRC project “Development of Improved Flange Design Method for the ASME VIII, Div.2 Rewrite Project” presented during the panel session on flange design at the 2006 PVP conference in Vancouver. The major areas of flange design improvement indicated by that project are examined and the suggested solutions for implementing the improved methods into the Code are discussed. Further analysis on aspects such as gasket creep and the use of leakage-based design has been conducted. Shortcomings in the proposed ASME flange design method (ASME BFJ) and current CEN flange design methods (EN-1591) are highlighted and methods for resolution of these issues are suggested.

ChemInform Abstract: NEW CHLORO DERIVATIVES OF BENZOTHIOPYRANOINDOLES AND -QUINOLINES

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (40) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
A. FRAVOLINI ◽  
A. CROISY ◽  
P. JACQUIGNON
Keyword(s):  
Chloro Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Address of the President Lord Blackett, O. M., C. H. at the Anniversary Meeting, 1 December 1969

1970 ◽  
Vol 174 (1037) ◽  
pp. 403-417
Keyword(s):  
Immunological Response ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Subsequent Work ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Specific Tolerance ◽  
Immunological Barrier

The Copley Medal is awarded to Sir Peter Medawar, C. B. E., F. R. S. Medawar’s first major contribution was to prove conclusively that skin grafts made between different individuals usually fail because of an immunological response made by the recipient against foreign antigens in the donor’s cells, and then to show that the most important mechanism was a specific cell-mediated immunity due to lymphocytes. In attempting to find means of preventing the response against grafted tissues, without impairing immunological capacity in other respects, Medawar made a second major contribution by showing for the first time that it was possible to induce specific tolerance of foreign antigens by administering them to very young animals. His subsequent work, directed towards achieving practical means of overcoming the immunological barrier to tissue transplantation, led him on the one hand to investigate improved methods of inducing specific immunological tolerance and, on the other, to use antiserum against lymphocytes to suppress the damaging effects of these cells. His successful results in experimental animals have indicated the way to their possible application in Man. Medawar’s work has throughout been distinguished by a penetrating clarity of thought combined with insight, and by elegant and original experimental design. He also has a justly high reputation for his analyses and predictions in wider fields of biology, and his study of scientific method.

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