The preparation and reactivity of some potassium Purine-, Quinazoline-, and Tetrahydroquinazoline-sulphonates

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Brown ◽  
JA Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Sulphonyl Fluoride ◽  
Chlorine Oxidation

The potassium salts of purine-6(and 8)-, 9-methylpurine-6-, quinazoline-2(and 4)-, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazoline-4-, and 5,6,7,8- tetrahydro-2-methylquinazoline-4-sulphonic acid are prepared by treatment of the corresponding thiones with aqueous potassium permanganate. All the suphonates undergo ready hydrolysis to the corresponding oxo derivatives in acid and also in alkali (except for the first two purines which are stabilized as dianions therein) ; t1/2 values at H0 - 1 (25�) are all less than 8 min; at pH 14 (40�) they vary from 2 to 190 min. Potassium quinazoline-4-sulphonate undergoes hydrazinolysis to 4-hydrazinoquinazoline; quinazoline-2-sulphonyl fluoride (prepared by chlorine oxidation of quinazoline-2-thione in the presence of potassium hydrogen difluoride) reacts with appropriate amines to give 2-diethylamino-, 2-dipropylamino-, and 2-amino- quinazoline; and purine-6-sulphonyl fluoride with hydrazine gives purine-6-sulphonohydrazide or 6-hydrazinopurine, according to conditions.

A study of chemical reactions in molten sodium-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic. III. The reactions of anions

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Meehan ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Inorganic Anions ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Molten Sodium ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen

The reactions of 11 inorganic anions added as their sodium or potassium salts to molten sodium-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic were studied and their stoichiometries elucidated. It was found that Na2CO3, NaNO2, KNO3, Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3 reacted with the melt to form water and CO2, NO+NO2, NO2+O2, SO2, S6+SO2 respectively. NaCl, KBr produced HCl and HBr while KI reaction products consisted of I2, SO2 and H2O; K2CrO4 and K2Cr2O7 were converted into H2CrO4 and H2Cr2O7 respectively. These acids decomposed to H2O, O2 and Cr2O3 which reacted further with the melt to produce H2O and Cr2(SO4)2,H2O. K2S2O8 was found to decompose thermally to O2 and K2S2O7 without reacting with the melt.

Potassium salts of hypodiphosphoric acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. i71-i82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Szafranowska ◽  
Katarzyna Ślepokura ◽  
Tadeusz Lis
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Coordination Numbers ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The synthesis and crystal structures of a series of six crystalline potassium salts of hypodiphosphoric acid, H4P2O6, are reported, namely potassium hydrogen phosphonophosphonate, K+·H3P2O6−, (I), dipotassium dihydrogen hypodiphosphate monohydrate, 2K+·H2P2O62−·H2O, (II), dipotassium dihydrogen hypodiphosphate dihydrate, 2K+·H2P2O62−·2H2O, (III), pentapotassium hydrogen hypodiphosphate dihydrogen hypodiphosphate dihydrate, 5K+·HP2O63−·H2P2O62−·2H2O, (IV), tripotassium hydrogen hypodiphosphate tetrahydrate, 3K+·HP2O63−·4H2O, (V), and tetrapotassium hypodiphosphate tetrahydrate, 4K+·P2O64−·4H2O, (VI). All the hypodiphosphate anions,viz.H3P2O6−, H2P2O62−, HP2O63−and P2O64−, adopt a staggered conformation. The P—P bond lengths [2.1722 (7)–2.1892 (10) Å] do not depend on the basicity of the anion. The compounds are organized into different types of one-, two- or three-dimensional polymeric hydrogen-bonded networks, or simply exist in the form of isolated or dimeric units. The coordination numbers of the K+cations range from 6 to 9, and the cationic sublattices are polymeric one-, two- or three-dimensional networks, or isolated [KO6] or dimeric [K2O12] polyhedra.

THE POTASSIUM SALTS OF FUMARIC ACID: PREPARATION, UNIT CELL CONSTANTS, SPACE GROUPS, AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION POWDER IDENTIFICATION DATA

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1739-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Gupta ◽  
W. H. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Acid Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen

The preparation of the three crystalline potassium salts of fumaric acid, "acid" potassium hydrogen fumarate (2KHC4H2O4.H2C4H2O4), potassium hydrogen fumarate (KHC4H2O4), and dipotassium fumarate dihydrate (K2C4H2O4.2H2O), is discussed, and suitable pH values for the growth of single crystals of each are given. Unit cell, space group, and X-ray diffraction powder identification data for the three salts are presented.

A potassium permanganate fixative for membranes in sections

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 722-723
Author(s):  
Jindan Song
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cell Line ◽  
Mouse Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
African Green Monkey Kidney ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cell ◽  
Green Monkey

Potassium permanganate has been used as a fixative for the botanical specimen and membrane system in thin section by Glauert (1975). A new potassium permanganate fixative ( Trisodium citrate 60mM, Potassium chloride 25mM, Magnesium chloride 35mM, and Potassium permanganate 125mM ) for localizing membranous system in whole_mount cultured cells with standard trasmission electron microscopy and phase_contrast microscopy has been developed). Here, we report that using this new potassium permanganate fixative for membranous system in sections.Cultured cells, CV_1 (African green monkey kidney epithelial cells), Balb/c 3T3 ( Mouse embryo fibroblast ) and MCF_7 (Human adenocarcinoma cell line) were used for this study. All cells were grown on 35mm plastic dishes in DME medium containing 5% calf serum at 37 c with 100% humidity and 5% CO2. Using the potassium permanganate fixative to fix the cells for about 7 minutes. After fixation, the cells were dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol.

Etching of LLDPE and LLDPE/HDPE blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
M. S. Bischel ◽  
J. M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Narrow Fraction ◽  
Potassium Permanganate Solution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Despite its rapidly growing use in commercial applications, the morphology of LLDPE and its blends has not been thoroughly studied by microscopy techniques. As part of a study to examine the morphology of a LLDPE narrow fraction and its blends with HDPE via SEM, TEM and AFM, an appropriate etchant is required. However, no satisfactory recipes could be found in the literature. Mirabella used n-heptane, a solvent for LLDPE, as an etchant to reveal certain morphological features in the SEM, including faint banding in spherulites. A 1992 paper by Bassett included a TEM micrograph of an axialite of LLDPE, etched in a potassium permanganate solution, but no details were given.Attempts to use n-heptane, at 60°C, as an etchant were unsuccessful: depending upon thickness, samples swelled and increased in diameter by 5-10% or more within 15 minutes. Attempts to use the standard 3.5% potassium permanganate solution for HDPE were also unsuccessful: the LLDPE was severely overetched. Weaker solutions were also too severe.

IONIC EFFECTS ON THE UPTAKE OF CHLOROMERCURIBENZENE-p-SULPHONIC ACID BY PANCREATIC ISLETS

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Söderberg ◽  
Inge-Bert Täljedal
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
Cell Uptake ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Sulphydryl Groups ◽  
Microdissected Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Ionic Effects

ABSTRACT Effects of inorganic ions on the uptake of chloromercuribenzene-p-sulphonic acid (CMBS) were studied in microdissected pancreatic islets of non-inbred ob/ob-mice. Na2SO4 stimulated the total islet cell uptake of CMBS but decreased the amount of CMBS remaining in islets after brief washing with L-cysteine. CaCl2 stimulated both the total and the cysteine-non-displaceable uptake; the stimulatory effect of CaCl2 on the cysteine-non-displaceable CMBS uptake was counteracted by Na2SO4. NaCl, KCl or choline chloride had no significant effect on the total islet cell uptake of CMBS, whereas LiCl was stimulatory. It is concluded that β-cells resemble erythrocytes in having a permeation path for CMBS that is inhibited by SO42−. By analogy with existing models of the erythrocyte membrane, it is suggested that the SO42−-sensitive path leads to sulphydryl groups controlling monovalent cationic permeability in β-cells.

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