The thermal decomposition of RDX at temperatures below the melting point. IV. Catalysis of the decomposition by formaldehyde

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Batten
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Decomposition Product ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the decomposition of RDX have been investigated in the presence of formaldehyde over the temperature range 170-197� with the RDX sample spread. This indicated a marked increase in the positive- catalytic effect of the formaldehyde with decreasing reaction temperature; however, the kinetics were not altered by the added formaldehyde. ��� The activation energy was about 44 kcal mol-1. It is suggested that the previously obtained activation energy of about this figure, for the decomposition of heaped samples of RDX in the absence of added formaldehyde, was due to catalysis of the reaction by the decomposition product formaldehyde.

The thermal decomposition of RDX at temperatures below the melting point. II. Activation energy

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Batten ◽  
DC Murdie
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Kinetic Parameter ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Kcal Mole ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Sample Geometry ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Definition Of

The activation energy has been determined in the temperature range 170-198�. If the sample was spread the activation energy was independent of the definition of the kinetic parameter substituted in the Arrhenius equation and was 63 kcal mole-1. In the case of the unspread samples the activation energies of the induction, acceleration, and maximum rates were 49, 43, and 62 kcal mole-1 respectively. The effect that sample geometry has on the activation energy is attributed to gaseous decomposition products influencing the reaction.

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of RDX with Distributed Activation Energy Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hua Chen ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Wen Ping Chang ◽  
Xiao Biao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Distributed Activation Energy Model ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Decomposition Stage ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Kinetics Of

The thermal decomposition kinetics of RDX at different rates was studied by thermogravimetric analyzer(TG) and the activation energy of RDX was calculated by distributed activation energy model. It is shown that the thermal decomposition processes of RDX were divided into three stages according to the TG curves, they are molten stage, thermal decomposition stage and eng stage. The activation energies of RDX are all between 124.34 and 181.48KJ•mol-1 in the thermal decomposition stage of non-monotonously increasing. The activation energy of RDX is 139.98 KJ•mol-1 in the molten stage, and the thermal decomposition stage is167.24KJ•mol-1.

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Flame Retardant Polybutylene Terephthalate Matrix Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 956 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Jian Lin Xu ◽  
Bing Xue Ma ◽  
Cheng Hu Kang ◽  
Cheng Cheng Xu ◽  
Zhou Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Kinetics Of

The thermal decomposition kinetics of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and flame-retardant PBT (FR-PBT) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis at various heating rates. The kinetic parameters were determined by using Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Friedman methods. The y (α) and z (α) master plots were used to identify the thermal decomposition model. The results show that the rate of residual carbon of FR-PBT is higher than that of PBT and the maximum mass loss rate of FR-PBT is lower than that of PBT. The values of activation energy of PBT (208.71 kJ/mol) and FR-PBT (244.78 kJ/mol) calculated by Kissinger method were higher than those of PBT (PBT: 195.54 kJ/mol) and FR-PBT (FR-PBT: 196.00 kJ/mol) calculated by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method and those of PBT and FR-PBT (PBT: 199.10 kJ/mol, FR-PBT: 206.03 kJ/mol) calculated by Friedman methods. There is a common thing that the values of activation energy of FR-PBT are higher than that of PBT in different methods. The thermal decomposition reaction models of the PBT and FR-PBT can be described by Avarami-Erofeyev model (A1).

THE KINETICS OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITIONS OF THE LOWER PARAFFINS: V. THE NITRIC OXIDE INHIBITED DECOMPOSITION OF n-BUTANE

1940 ◽  
Vol 18b (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. R. Steacie ◽  
H. O. Folkins
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Free Radical Processes ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Radical Recombination ◽  
Radical Processes ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Good Agreement

A detailed investigation of the inhibition by nitric oxide of the thermal decomposition of n-butane has been carried out over the temperature range 500° to 550 °C.In all cases it was found that inhibition decreased with increasing butane concentration. This suggests that radical recombination occurs in the normal decomposition by ternary collisions with butane molecules acting as third bodies.The activation energies of the normal and inhibited reactions have been determined. For high pressures the two values are in good agreement, viz., 58,200 and 57,200 cal. per mole respectively. The products of the inhibited reaction were also found to be the same as those of the normal reaction.It is concluded that free radical processes predominate, involving comparatively short chains.

Characteristics and thermal decomposition kinetics of wood-SiO2 composites derived by the sol-gel process

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-Chang Hung ◽  
Jyh-Horng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Apparent Activation Energy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Percent Gain ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Wood-SiO2 composites (WSiO2Cs) were prepared by means of the sol-gel process with methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) as a reagent, and the physical properties, structure and thermal decomposition kinetics of the composites has been evaluated. The dimensional stability of the WSiO2Cs was better than that of unmodified wood, especially in terms of the weight percent gain (WPG), which achieved values up to 30%. The 29Si-NMR spectra show two different siloxane peaks (T2 and T3), which supports the theory about the formation of MTMOS network structures. Thermal decomposition experiments were also carried out in a TG analyzer under a nitrogen atmosphere. The apparent activation energy was determined according to the iso-conversional methods of Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, modified Coats-Redfern, and Starink. The apparent activation energy between 10 and 70% conversion is 147–172, 170–291, 189–251, and 192–248 kJ mol−1 for wood and WSiO2Cs with WPGs of 10, 20, and 30%, respectively. However, the reaction order between 10 and 70% conversion calculated by the Avrami theory was 0.50–0.56, 0.35–0.45, 0.33–0.44, and 0.28–0.48. These results indicate that the dimensional and thermal stability of the wood could be effectively enhanced by MTMOS treatment.

THE KINETICS OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF VINYL ISOPROPYL ETHER

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Blades
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Ether ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Isopropyl Ether ◽  
Radical Decomposition ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Kinetics Of

The thermal decomposition of vinyl isopropyl ether in the presence of toluene has been studied in a flow system in the temperature range 447–521 °C. In this range, the data indicate a purely intramolecular decomposition into propylene and acetaldehyde, the activation energy for the reaction being in close agreement with that found for the decomposition of vinyl ethyl ether. At 570 °C. a minor free radical decomposition of the ether becomes apparent. Some qualitative studies of the decomposition of vinyl isobutyl ether are also reported.

Diffusion kinetics of gold in TiO2 nanotube arrays for formation of Au@TiO2 nanotube arrays

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (54) ◽  
pp. 48580-48588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanggang Zhang ◽  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Diaoyu Zhou ◽  
Jing Wen ◽  
Liuwei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Tio2 Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Tio2 Nanotube ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Diffusion Kinetics ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Heating Treatment ◽  
Kinetics Of

Heating treatment leads to the diffusion of Au into TiO2 nanotube arrays and the formation of Au nanocrystals. The activation energy for the Au diffusion on the surface of the TiO2 nanotubes in the temperature range of 400 to 500 °C is 67.2 kJ mol−1.

scholarly journals Nonisothermal Thermogravimetric Analysis of Thai Lignite with High CaO Content

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pakamon Pintana ◽  
Nakorn Tippayawong
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Combustion Kinetics ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Thermogravimetric Method ◽  
Degradation Behaviors ◽  
Fwo Method ◽  
Free Cao ◽  
Kinetics Of

Thermal behaviors and combustion kinetics of Thai lignite with different SO3-free CaO contents were investigated. Nonisothermal thermogravimetric method was carried out under oxygen environment at heating rates of 10, 30, and 50°C min−1from ambient up to 1300°C. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods were adopted to estimate the apparent activation energy (E) for the thermal decomposition of these coals. Different thermal degradation behaviors were observed in lignites with low (14%) and high (42%) CaO content. Activation energy of the lignite combustion was found to vary with the conversion fraction. In comparison with the KAS method, higherEvalues were obtained by the FWO method for all conversions considered. High CaO lignite was observed to have higher activation energy than the low CaO coal.

scholarly journals The rupture of carbon-nitrogen bonds. Kinetics of the thermal decomposition of ω-azotoluene vapour

1936 ◽  
Vol 156 (888) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Energy Of Activation ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Bonds ◽  
Kinetics Of

The energy of activation found for the benzalazine decomposition is somewhat higher than those hitherto recorded for the decompositions of azo-compounds. The difference between the azine- and azo-decompositions can only be appreciated, however, on comparing the decomposition of benzalazine with that of its aromatic azo-analogue, i . e ., ω-azotoluene. According to Thiele,* when the latter substance is heated in vacuo , gas liberation begins at 15°-180° C. C 6 H 5 . CH 2 ─ N = N ─ CH 2 . C 6 H 5 = N 2 + C 6 H 5 . CH 2 . CH 2 . C 6 H 5 . This reaction is analogous to the benzalazine decomposition (measured at 318°- 180° C), C 6 H 5 . CH = N ─ N = CH. C 6 H 5 = N 2 + C 6 H 5 . CH = CH. C 6 H 5 , and resembles the aliphatic azo-decompositions investigated by Rams-perger over the temperature range 250° - 350° C, though occurring at a lower temperature than these.

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