Molten salt mixtures. VIII. The refractive index of molten salt mixtures and their molar refractivities

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bloom ◽  
BM Peryer
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Molar Refractivity ◽  
Salt Mixtures

The refractive index of molten NaCl, KCl, CdCl2, and PbCl2 and of the molten systems NaCl + CdCl2, NaCl + PbCl2, KCl + CdCl2, and KCl + PbCl2 has been measured over a range of temperature. From these results and published density data, molar refractivities have been calculated. The deviation of molar refractivity from the values calculated on the basis of additivity gives further evidence for the formation of complex ions in the KCl + CdCl2 and KCl + PbCl2 systems. In the NaCl + CdCl2 and NaCl + PbCl2 systems there is simple mixing without interaction.

Refractivity of Molten Nitrates and Chlorides: Binary Mixtures Containing Cesium Ions

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohji Uchiyama ◽  
Ernest Karawacki
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Negative Deviation ◽  
Positive Deviation ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Interferometric Technique ◽  
Cesium Ions ◽  
Salt Mixtures ◽  
Small Negative Deviation

Abstract By using an interferometric technique, the refractive index of some molten salt mixtures containing Cs+ ions was measured with high accuracy: (Li-Cs)NO3, (Na-Cs)NO3, (Ag-Cs)NO3, (Li-Cs)Cl, and also pure RbCl. The isotherms of molar refractivity show a small negative deviation from additivity in the (Li-Cs)NO3 and (Li-Cs)Cl systems and a positive deviation in the (Ag-Cs)NO3 mixture. A tentative attempt was made to relate the excess molar refractivities with the absorption bands of the ions.

Molten salt mixtures. XI. Integral and partial molar volumes in the molten salt systems PbCl2 + NaCl, PbCl2 + RbCl, PbCl2 + CsCl, CdCl2 + RbCl, and CdCl2 + CsCl

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bloom ◽  
PWD Boyd ◽  
JL Laver ◽  
J Wong
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Partial Molar Volume ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Salt Mixtures ◽  
Salt Systems

The densities of molten PbCl2, CsCl, and RbCl and of the molten salt systems PbCl2 + NaCl, PbCl2 + RbCl, PbCl2 + CsCl, CdCl2 + RbCl, and CdCl, + CsCl have been measured to an accuracy of �0.1% by an Archimedean method over a considerable temperature range. Integral and partial molar volume isotherms have been constructed for the above binary systems and are interpreted to show that complex ions are formed in all but the PbCl2+NaCl system.

Molten salt mixtures. X. The thermochemistry of the binary molten salt systems CdCl2+PbCl2, CdCl2+NaCl, CdCl2+KCI, PbCl2+NaCl, PbCl2-KCl, and CdI2+KI

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bloom ◽  
SB Tricklebank
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Heats Of Mixing ◽  
Salt Mixtures ◽  
Solution Calorimeter ◽  
Salt Systems ◽  
The Enthalpy Of Formation

The enthalpy change on cooling molten and solid salts and their mixtures from temperatures as high as 850� down to 26.9� has been measured by means of a Bunsen-type fusion calorimeter. The enthalpy of formation of solid mixtures has also been measured using a water solution calorimeter. From the combined results, heats of mixing have been determined for the molten salt systems investigated. In each system, with the exception of CdCl2 + PbCl2, the process of mixing is exothermic and the relative magnitude of the results can be explained by the formation of complex ions in the systems CdC12 +NaCl, CdCl2 +KCl, PbCl2 +KCl, and CdI2 +KI. Complex ions have not been detected in the other systems.

On the Electrochemical Thermodynamics of Minor Components in Molten Salt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 026502
Author(s):  
R. L. Fitzhugh ◽  
A. D. Clark ◽  
S. D. Nickerson ◽  
M. J. Memmott ◽  
J. N. Harb
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Salt Mixtures ◽  
Electrochemical Thermodynamics

scholarly journals Anomalous Increase in Specific Heat of Binary Molten Salt-Based Graphite Nanofluids for Thermal Energy Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Byeongnam Jo
Keyword(s):  
Specific Heat ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Nanoparticle Concentration ◽  
Anomalous Increase ◽  
Salt Mixtures ◽  
Graphite Nanoparticles

An anomalous increase of the specific heat was experimentally observed in molten salt nanofluids using a differential scanning calorimeter. Binary carbonate molten salt mixtures were used as a base fluid, and the base salts were doped with graphite nanoparticles. Specific heat measurements of the nanofluids were performed to examine the effects of the composition of two salts consisting of the base fluid. In addition, the effect of the nanoparticle concentration was investigated as the concentration of the graphite nanoparticles was varied from 0.025 to 1.0 wt %. Moreover, the dispersion homogeneity of the nanoparticles was explored by increasing amount of surfactant in the synthesis process of the molten salt nanofluids. The results showed that the specific heat of the nanofluid was enhanced by more than 30% in the liquid phase and by more than 36% in the solid phase at a nanoparticle concentration of 1 wt %. It was also observed that the concentration and the dispersion homogeneity of nanoparticles favorably affected the specific heat enhancement of the molten salt nanofluids. The dispersion status of graphite nanoparticles into the salt mixtures was visualized via scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results were explained according to the nanoparticle-induced compressed liquid layer structure of the molten salts.

scholarly journals Surface behavior of low-temperature molten salt mixtures during the transition from liquid to solid

2019 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radha G. Bhuin ◽  
Patrick Schreiber ◽  
Bettina S.J. Heller ◽  
Marlene Scheuermeyer ◽  
Peter Wasserscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Surface Behavior ◽  
Salt Mixtures
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