Cathode Ray Oscillography in A.C. Polarography and Tensammetry

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Biegler
Keyword(s):  
Alternating Current ◽  
Electrode Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Applications of the cathode ray oscilloscope in a.c. polarography and tensammetry are described. The instrument is used to enable observation of the waveform of the alternating current and of the relationship between alternating current and time during the growth of a mercury drop. Some typical results are presented and it is shown that the method can provide useful information about electrode processes.

scholarly journals Alternating Current Polarography and Electrode Processes

1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. BREYER ◽  
T. BIEGLER ◽  
H. H. BAUER
Keyword(s):  
Alternating Current ◽  
Electrode Processes

The Alternating Current Electrode Processes

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Venkatesh ◽  
Der-Tau Chin
Keyword(s):  
Alternating Current ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Electrode Processes

scholarly journals Motor Learning Based on Oscillatory Brain Activity Using Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Takeuchi ◽  
Shin-Ichi Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Oscillatory Brain Activity ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Developing effective tools and strategies to promote motor learning is a high-priority scientific and clinical goal. In particular, motor-related areas have been investigated as potential targets to facilitate motor learning by noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS). In addition to shedding light on the relationship between motor function and oscillatory brain activity, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), which can noninvasively entrain oscillatory brain activity and modulate oscillatory brain communication, has attracted attention as a possible technique to promote motor learning. This review focuses on the use of tACS to enhance motor learning through the manipulation of oscillatory brain activity and its potential clinical applications. We discuss a potential tACS–based approach to ameliorate motor deficits by correcting abnormal oscillatory brain activity and promoting appropriate oscillatory communication in patients after stroke or with Parkinson’s disease. Interpersonal tACS approaches to manipulate intra- and inter-brain communication may result in pro-social effects and could promote the teaching–learning process during rehabilitation sessions with a therapist. The approach of re-establishing oscillatory brain communication through tACS could be effective for motor recovery and might eventually drive the design of new neurorehabilitation approaches based on motor learning.

scholarly journals Effects of theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on exploration and exploitation during uncertain decision-making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles Wischnewski ◽  
Boukje Compen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Theta Frequency ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Exploration Exploitation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Posterior Anterior

Exploring ones surroundings may yield unexpected rewards, but is associated with uncertainty and risk. Alternatively, exploitation of certain outcomes is related to low risk, yet potentially better outcomes remain unexamined. As such, risk-taking behavior depends on perceived uncertainty and a trade-off between exploration-exploitation. Previously, it has been suggested that risk-taking may relate to theta activity in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, previous studies hinted at a relationship between a right-hemispheric bias in frontal theta asymmetry and risky behavior. In the present double-blind sham-controlled within-subject study, we applied bifrontal transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at the theta frequency (5 Hz) on eighteen healthy volunteers during a gambling task. Two tACS montages with either left-right or posterior-anterior current flow were employed at an intensity of 1 mA. Results showed that, compared to sham, theta tACS increased perceived uncertainty irrespective of current flow direction. Despite this observation, no direct effect of tACS on exploration behavior and general risk-taking was observed. Furthermore, frontal theta asymmetry was more right-hemispherically biased after posterior-anterior tACS, compared to sham. Finally, we used electric field simulation to identify which regions were targeted by the tACS montages as an overlap in regions may explain why the two montages resulted in comparable outcomes. Our findings provide a first step towards understanding the relationship between frontal theta oscillations and different features of risk-taking.

scholarly journals Magnetic properties of ferromagnetic steels under different stress by the alternating current magnetization

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3 Part A) ◽  
pp. 1465-1471
Author(s):  
Ming Wei ◽  
Zhan-Guo Ma ◽  
Dao-Xiang Teng ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Electromagnetic Measurement System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Ferromagnetic Steels ◽  
Electromagnetic Measurement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Variation Tendency

The alternating current magnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic materials act a significant factor to reflect their stress states. To reveal the relationship between the stress and the magnetic properties of the ferrimagnetic steels, we deduce the relation of alternating current permeability and the detected voltage of the nine-feet probe by using the basic laws in magnetism and law of electromagnetic reaction, and then we use the nine-feet probe to design and build the electromagnetic measurement system. Next some corresponding experiments were carried out to test the induction voltage of the two kinds Q-steel samples under the different stress. The results were shown that there was a similar variation tendency of the detected voltage in the two kinds the Q-steel samples, the max different values of the detected voltage can be reach 150 mV in the Q215 sample and 280 mV in the Q275 sample, respectively. Therefore, with the help of the difference detected voltage we can check the stress state of the ferrimagnetic steels conveniently in the engineering.

scholarly journals The polarization of zinc electrodes in neutral and acid solutions of zinc salts by direct and alternating currents.—Part. I

1926 ◽  
Vol 112 (760) ◽  
pp. 259-279 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Zinc Salt ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Electrode Processes ◽  
Zinc Salts ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Zinc Sulphate Solution

In the preceding paper it was shown that an amalgamated Line electrode made anode in an anode zinc sulphate solution undergoes considerable polarisation, and that tins polarisation can be more than overcome by the superposition of a sufficiently large alternating current of high frequency. Further, Allmand and Puri mention experiments in which a cathode of amalgamated zine had superposed on it alternating currents of intensities up to 200 times that of the direct current, and of frequencies varying between 20 and 400, the effect being to increase the polarisation of the electrode, which became more negative. These results were not to be anticipated from previous work, and it seemed that a closer investigation of the whole subject might not only explain the facts referred to, but perhaps throw fresh light on the mechanism of the electrode processes involved. As possible factors affecting the phenomena could be considered the amalgamation or otherwise of the zinc electrode, the presence or absence of free acid in the solution, the nature of the zinc salt ( e. g. , whether sulphate or chloride), duration of electrolysis, temperature, the absolute and relative values of the direct and alternating current densities, and tbs frequency of the alternating currents. The present paper contains an investigation of some of these points, working at room temperature and with zinc sulphate solutions, potential measurements have been made with amalgamated zinc electrodes in absence and in presence of free H 2 SO 4 , and with unamalgamated electrodes in neutral solution. Alternating currents and compound currents have been used, and a few experiments made with direct currents, frequencies varying between 50 and 11,000 have been worked with.

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