Binary Ionic Liquid System for Direct Cellulose Etherification

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kakibe ◽  
Satoshi Nakamura ◽  
Kiyokazu Amakuni ◽  
Hajime Kishi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution

Etherification of cellulose was performed using a mixture of ionic liquids (ILs) playing roles in both cellulose dissolution and catalysis. We investigated the effects of the reaction time and the ratio of these ILs in the mixture. Cellulose etherification was performed in these IL mixtures. The proportion of propoxy cellulose exceeded 2.5 after 24 h.

scholarly journals HIDROLISIS HASIL DELIGNIFIKASI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DALAM SISTEM CAIRAN IONIK CHOLINE CHLORIDE

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Gendish Yoricya ◽  
Shinta Aisyah Putri Dalimunthe ◽  
Renita Manurung ◽  
Nimpan Bangun
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Hydrolysis Conditions

Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (TKKS) was the waste which has a fairly high content of lignocelluloses. Meanwhile, TKKS has not been utilize optimally. With a cellulose content of 45%-50%, TKKS then potentially be used as raw material for bioethanol. In the process of production bioethanol, delignification of lignocellulose the first phase was conducted to dissolve ligament between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In this research, delignification process was carried out using NaOH in the ionic liquid system and without ionic liquids. The purpose of this research was to find out the highest content of cellulose which contained in the TKKS and to determine the hydrolysis of delignification results on palm empty fruit bunches and the best hydrolysis conditions was obtained at the hydrolysis process in the choline chloride ionic liquid system. Delignification process were performed using ionic liquids choline chloride (ChCl) in variety of cooking time with amount different ChCl. This research used TKKS powder cooked at a temperature 130 °C with a variety of cooking time 30, 60, and 90 minutes and the variation of ChCl 10%, 15% and 20% weight of TKKS. Delignification research results used ChCl obtained highest content of cellulose was 40,33%, hemicellulose 20,28%, and lignin 3,62% in cooking treatment 90 minutes and 15% ChCl. While delignification without ChCl obtained highest content of cellulose is 24,98%, hemicellulose 8,25%, and lignin 18,99% in cooking treatment 90 minutes. Delignification process using ChCl be able increase the degree of delignification as big as 61,45%. In the hydrolisis process, the main raw material used cellulose of delignification TKKS result, choline chloride, sulfatl acid, and distilled water. The hydrolysis stage in this research was carried out at temperature 105 0C, catalyst (H2SO4) 10% (w / w) cellulose, ChCl 10%, 15%, and 20% (w / w) cellulose and it was stirred at constant speed 120 rpm with reaction time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes. The result in the hydrolysis stage using ionic liquid obtained glucose. LUFF method analysis showed the maximum result of glucose 37.96% with the best conditions in reaction time 90 minutes and the amount of choline chloride 20%.

scholarly journals Insights into the levulinate-based ionic liquid class: synthesis, cellulose dissolution evaluation and ecotoxicity assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (33) ◽  
pp. 13010-13019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mezzetta ◽  
Stefano Becherini ◽  
Carlo Pretti ◽  
Gianfranca Monni ◽  
Valentina Casu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution

New levulinate ionic liquids (ILs) were able to dissolve cellulose in high amounts. The ecotoxicity profiles of these new ILs were also assessed.

scholarly journals Cellulose Dissolution in Mixtures of Ionic Liquids and Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A Quantitative Assessment of the Relative Importance of Temperature and Composition of the Binary Solvent

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5975
Author(s):  
Marcella T. Dignani ◽  
Thaís A. Bioni ◽  
Thiago R. L. C. Paixão ◽  
Omar A. El Seoud
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

We studied the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in binary mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the ionic liquids: allylbenzyldimethylammonium acetate; 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium acetate; 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene-8-ium acetate; tetramethylguanidinium acetate. Using chemometrics, we determined the dependence of the mass fraction (in %) of dissolved cellulose (MCC-m%) on the temperature, T = 40, 60, and 80 °C, and the mole fraction of DMSO, χDMSO = 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. We derived equations that quantified the dependence of MCC-m% on T and χDMSO. Cellulose dissolution increased as a function of increasing both variables; the contribution of χDMSO was larger than that of T in some cases. Solvent empirical polarity was qualitatively employed to rationalize the cellulose dissolution efficiency of the solvent. Using the solvatochromic probe 2,6-dichloro-4-(2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium-1-yl)phenolate (WB), we calculated the empirical polarity ET(WB) of cellobiose (a model for MCC) in ionic liquid (IL)–DMSO mixtures. The ET(WB) correlated perfectly with T (fixed χDMSO) and with χDMSO (fixed T). These results show that there is ground for using medium empirical polarity to assess cellulose dissolution efficiency. We calculated values of MCC-m% under conditions other than those employed to generate the statistical model and determined the corresponding MCC-m% experimentally. The excellent agreement between both values shows the robustness of the statistical model and the usefulness of our approach to predict cellulose dissolution, thus saving time, labor, and material.

Study on the Chemical Modification of Cellulose in Ionic Liquid with Maleic Anhydride

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Feng Li ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Xuan Zhong ◽  
Xin Da Li ◽  
Magdi E. Gibril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Cotton Cellulose ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Mass Ratio

Dissolution and regeneration of cotton cellulose using ionic liquids as solvent was investigated. In this paper, modification of celluloses with maleic anhydride (MA) was carried out in ionic liquid,1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride(AmimCl).The maleylation celluloses with degrees of substitution (DS) between 0.85and 1.46 were accessible in IL. The effects of reaction time, temperature and mass ratio of the MA in cellulose were investigated. These maleylation celluloses were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Experiments showed that the optimal conditions for grafting were: mass ratio of maleic anhydride and cotton cellulose 0.8; reaction time of 90 min; temperature of 80 °C.

Synthesis and Preparation of Desulfurization Concerned Naphthenic Acid Type Ionic Liquid

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Guo Bi Li ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Shi Dong Wang ◽  
Shu Liang Zang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Acid Type

This paper describes the types and characteristics of ionic liquids, synthesis and application of ionic liquids in chemical and environmental applications, and naphthenic acid corrosion problems and research on ionic liquids are organically combined together, using properties, good stability and easy separating from crude oil, of ionic liquid generated by imidazole and naphthenic acid, exploring the ionic liquid deacidification process conditions and acid removal effect. The naphthenic acid and imidazole react in acetone solvent, synthesis a series of ionic liquids in different reaction ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring speed conditions,makesome physical measurements and calculation of the yield of these ionic liquids and. The results show that, in naphthenic acid and imidazole molar ratio of 1:1, reaction temperature 70°C, reaction time 7h, stirring speed 400R / min, stand half hour after reaction, the yield of naphthenic acid type ionic liquid is maximum, namely, the deacidification effect is best. At the same time measured in the ionic liquid density is 1.179g / mL, and pH is 5.8. Obtained optimum synthesis condition of naphthenic acid type ionic liquid, greatly improving the deacidification rate of high acid crude oil, more importantly, the method does not cause any pollution to the environment.

Enolboration of conjugated ketones and synthesis of beta-amino alcohols and boronated alpha-amino acids

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zaidlewicz ◽  
W. Sokól ◽  
A. Wolan ◽  
J. Cytarska ◽  
A. Tafelska-Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Amino Alcohols ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
Enantioselective Reduction ◽  
Cross Coupling Reaction

Enolization–aldolization of conjugated ketones, enantioselective synthesis of benzofuryl beta-amino alcohols, and synthesis of p-dihydroxyborylphenylalanine (BPA) and its analogs are described. Aldolization of benzaldehyde with lithium dienolates derived from unhindered conjugated cyclohexenones favored anti- selectivity, whereas syn selectivity was favored for hindered cyclohexenones. Anti-aldols were preferentially formed from dienolborinates derived from conjugated cyklohexenones, however,competing aldolization at the 2-position was observed for hindered ketones. Benzofuryl beta-amino alcohols were prepared using as a key step the enantioselective reduction of the corresponding alpha-bromoacetylbenzofurans with (–)-B- -chlorodiisopinocampheylborane. Ionic liquids were used as solvents for the synthesis of BPA by the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The reaction time is short, and a solution of the catalyst in the ionic liquid can be recycled.

Study of Performance and Synthesis of Et3NHC1-AlC13

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Li Ming Zhang ◽  
Hai Yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Alkylation Of Benzene

This thesis is focused on the catalyst of ionic liquids. Firstly, chloroaluminate ionic liquid consisting of triethylaminia hydrochloride and anhydrous A1C13 was prepared, and its catalytic performance on the alkylation of benzene with 1-bromobutane was studied experimentally. The composition of the system was analyzed using gas chromatogram. The effect of such influencing factors were investigated as the constitute of ionic liquid,the dosage of catalyst, the mole ratio of benzene to 1-bromobutane, temperature,reaction time,the regeneration approach of the used ionic liquid catalyst. The results suggested that it helps to increase the conversion of propylene and the selectivity of 1-butylbenzene by increasing the mole fraction of AlCl3 in the ionic liquid, the amount of catalyst, the mole ratio of benzene to 1-butylbenzene, reaction time and by reducing reaction temperature. At optimal conditions of 66.7% of mole fraction of AlCl3 in the ionic liquid, l0wt% of catalyst with respect to benzene, 10:1 of mole ratio of benzene to 1-bromobutane and 313 .15K, both conversion of 1-bromobutane and selectivity of butylbenzene can reach 96.6% in 20 minutes. The activity of the catalyst can be basically remained after eight times reused. For the used ionic liquid, its catalytic activity can be partially recovered via adding some extra AlCl3 notwithstanding less satisfactory. The catalyst performance of ionic liquids on the esterification of ethanol with ethanonic acid was studied.

scholarly journals From crude industrial waste glycerol to biopropene via Ru mediated hydrodeoxygenation in ionic liquids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwinten Janssens ◽  
Maxime Stalpaert ◽  
Mickaël Henrion ◽  
Dirk E. De Vos
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Waste Glycerol

The catalytic conversion of crude glycerol to biopropene was investigated. A bifunctional Ru-ionic liquid system showed a high tolerance for common crude glycerol impurities like water, salts and methanol. After...

scholarly journals Comparison of lignin yield from sugarcane bagasse pellets using liquid hot water and ionic liquid pretreatment methods

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gueh Charles Gnana
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphate

In this research work, lignin yield from sugarcane bagasse pellets (SBP) was investigated after treatment of sugar cane bagasse with liquid hot water (LHW) and enzymatic hydrolysis followed by ionic liquids (ILs) and only ionic liquids pretreatment methods. In the LHW and ionic liquid methods, the SBP were first treated with LHW at 200 °C, for 30 minutes in a suitable reactor, for removal of hemicellulose. The complex cellulignin residue was treated separately with either of two ionic liquids namely: 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) or 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate ([Bmim][HSO4]), using microwave digestion at varying time intervals. Theionicliquidmethodinvolvedthepretreatmentofsugarcanebagasse pelletswith either 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate followed by microwave digestion at varying time intervals. Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy at a wavelength of 280 nm was used as a tool for quantification of lignin. The different functional groups of the extracted lignin were confirmed using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) provided information on thermal characteristics of the extracted lignin. In addition to material characterization, mixed factorial ANOVA was performed to compare the extracted lignin yield using the LHW and IL and the ionic liquid pretreatment methods. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify the C5 sugars in the hydrolysate after LHW pretreatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify cellulose peaks of cellulignin and SBP and ILs treated samples. The results indicated that the lignin yield from sugarcane bagasse pellets after liquid hot water treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis was 37.8 % (m/v). The highest percentage yield of lignin extracted from the complex cellulignin (LHW and IL) was found to be 68.00 % (m/v) and 32.04 % (m/v) for [Emim][OAc] and [Bmim][HSO4], respectively for the optimized reaction time of 10 minutes. However, 67.25 % (m/v) and 48.94 % (m/v) of the extracted lignin were obtained for the pretreated SBP with [Emim][OAc] and [Bmim][HSO4], respectively for a reaction time of 20 minutes. This comparative study revealed that, there is no significant difference between the yield of lignin extracted from the complex cellulignin (68.00%) and sugarcane bagasse pellets (67.25 %).The sugarcane bagasse pellets is the preferred method since it doesn’t require high energy input.

scholarly journals Ionic liquids tethered to a preorganised 1,2-diamide motif for extraction of lanthanides

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2583-2588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Boyd ◽  
Lili Jin ◽  
Peter Nockemann ◽  
Peter K. J. Robertson ◽  
Lorenzo Stella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Metal Binding Ability

The synthesis and metal binding ability of a novel 1,2-diamide functionalised ionic liquid system for lanthanide extractions from water is described in this communication.

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