Ionic Liquids—An Overview

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart A. Forsyth ◽  
Jennifer M. Pringle ◽  
Douglas R. MacFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Solvent Media ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Media Research

Ionic liquids have become an increasingly popular class of solvent in the last decade as the potential applications of these materials become more diverse. Rather than being viewed simply as replacement for conventional organic solvent media, research into ionic liquids has progressed to the deliberate choice and design of these materials for reasons of improved rate, specificity, and yield. Design of ionic liquids centres on the development of novel cations and anions to impart the specific physical properties required for each application. Therefore, the materials being synthesized and studied are also becoming increasingly complex and diverse. Here we provide an overview of ionic liquids generally, and some of their current applications, as well as an introduction to some of the new cations and anions that have been developed for specific properties.

scholarly journals Influence of Small Quantities of Water on the Physical Properties of Alkylammonium Nitrate Ionic Liquids

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7334
Author(s):  
David Ausín ◽  
Juan J. Parajó ◽  
José L. Trenzado ◽  
Luis M. Varela ◽  
Oscar Cabeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ethylammonium Nitrate ◽  
Potential Applications

This paper presents a comprehensive study of two alkylammonium nitrate ionic liquids. As part of this family of materials, mainly ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and also propylammonium nitrate (PAN) have attracted a great deal of attention during the last decades due to their potential applications in many fields. Although there have been numerous publications focused on the measurement of their physical properties, a great dispersion can be observed in the results obtained for the same magnitude. One of the critical points to be taken into account in their physical characterization is their water content. Thus, the main objective of this work was to determine the degree of influence of the presence of small quantities of water in EAN and PAN on the measurement of density, viscosity, electrical conductivity, refractive index and surface tension. For this purpose, the first three properties were determined in samples of EAN and PAN with water contents below 30,000 ppm in a wide range of temperatures, between 5 and 95 °C, while the last two were obtained at 25 °C. As a result of this study, it has been concluded that the presence of water is critical in those physical properties that involve mass or charge transport processes, resulting in the finding that the absolute value of the average percentage change in both viscosity and electrical conductivity is above 40%. Meanwhile, refractive index (≤0.3%), density (≤0.5%) and surface tension (≤2%) present much less significant changes.

scholarly journals Advances in Synthesis of π-Extended Benzosilole Derivatives and Their Analogs

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Tuan Thanh Dang ◽  
Hue Minh Thi Nguyen ◽  
Hien Nguyen ◽  
Tran Ngoc Dung ◽  
Minh Tho Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Potential Applications

Benzosiloles and their π-extended derivatives are present in many important advanced materials due to their excellent physical properties. Especially, they have found many potential applications in the development of novel electronic materials such as OLEDs, semiconductors and solar cells. In this review, we have summarized several main approaches to construct (di)benzosilole derivatives and (benzo)siloles fused to aromatic five- and six-membered heterocycles.

scholarly journals Extraordinary thermal behavior of graphene oxide in air for electrode applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joong Tark Han ◽  
Joon Young Cho ◽  
Jeong Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Stability Of Solution ◽  
Exfoliated Graphene ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The thermal stability of solution-exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) in air is one of the most important physical properties influencing its potential applications. To date, majority of the GO prepared by...

Facile fractionation of bamboo hydrolysate and characterization of isolated lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complexes

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodi Wang ◽  
Yongchao Zhang ◽  
Luyao Wang ◽  
Xiaoju Wang ◽  
Qingxi Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Solvent Extraction ◽  
Glycoside Linkage ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hemicellulosic Sugars

AbstractAn efficient separation technology for hydrolysates towards a full valorization of bamboo is still a tough challenge, especially regarding the lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs). The present study aimed to develop a facile approach using organic solvent extraction for efficiently fractionating the main components of bamboo hydrolysates. The high-purity lignin with only a trace of carbohydrates was first obtained by precipitation of the bamboo hydrolysate. The water-soluble lignin (WSL) fraction was extracted in organic solvent through a three-stage organic solvent extraction process, and the hemicellulosic sugars with increased purity were also collected. Furthermore, a thorough characterization including various NMR techniques (31P, 13C, and 2D-HSQC), GPC, and GC-MS was conducted to the obtained lignin-rich-fractions. It was found that the WSL fraction contained abundant functional groups and tremendous amount of LCC structures. As compared to native LCC of bamboo, the WSL fraction exhibited more typical LCC linkages, i.e. phenyl glycoside linkage, which is the main type of chemical linkage between lignin and carbohydrate in both LCC samples. The results demonstrate that organic phase extraction is a highly efficient protocol for the fractionation of hydrolysate and the isolation of LCC-rich streams possessing great potential applications.

Long alkyl chain quaternary ammonium-based ionic liquids and potential applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliusz Pernak ◽  
Marcin Smiglak ◽  
Scott T. Griffin ◽  
Whitney L. Hough ◽  
Timothy B. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Long Alkyl Chain

The Acidity Constants of Some Pyrimidine Bases in Various Water Organic Solvent Media

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman T. Ahmed ◽  
Ekram S. Soliman ◽  
Ahmed A. A. Boraei
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Acidity Constants ◽  
Organic Solvent Media ◽  
Pyrimidine Bases

Immobilization of molecules based ionic liquids. A promising approach to improve elecrocatalysts performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoa-zheng Yu ◽  
Selma Bencherif ◽  
Thuan-Nguyen Pham-Truong ◽  
Jalal Ghilane
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Unique Chemical ◽  
Successful Integration

Ionic liquids (ILs) have received continuous attention owing to their unique chemical and physical properties and to their successful integration in several applications. More recently, the ILs moved from their...

Ionic liquids with a theophyllinate anion

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 3146-3153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Markiewicz ◽  
Agata Sznajdrowska ◽  
Łukasz Chrzanowski ◽  
Łukasz Ławniczak ◽  
Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Bactericidal Activities

A novel group of theophylline-based ionic liquids displayed efficient antifeedant, fungicidal and bactericidal activities, proving to be promising for potential applications.

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