Comparative Geographical Variation in Seedling Morphology of Three Closely Related Red Mahoganies, Eucalyptus Urophylla, E. pellita and E. scias

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pinyopusarerk ◽  
BV Gunn ◽  
ER Williams ◽  
LD Pryor
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Length Width

Twenty two populations of Eucalyptus urophylla, 13 of E. pellita and two of E. scias were selected throughout the species' natural distributions in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Australia, and the morphology of seedlings compared under greenhouse conditions. Leaf length, width, length/width ratio, base angle, stem shape and, to a lesser extent, intranode length provided good discrimination between species and provenances. Canonical variate analysis revealed four groups, two of which contain E. urophylla, one E. pellita and one E. scias. Wetar Island provenances formed one of the two E. urophylla groups, distinguished from the other group consisting of Alor, Adonara, Flores, Pantar and Timor provenances on the basis of narrower leaves, greater length/width ratios, more acute leaf base angles and square stems. Seedling leaves of E. pellita were generally longer and broader than the other species, with a tendency for a separation between the northern occurrences (New Guinea and northern Cape York Peninsula, Queensland) and southern occurrences (Helenvale to Rockhampton, Queensland); those from the north had smaller leaves and more distinctly square stems. E. scias is clearly distinguished by its narrower leaves and longer intranode length.

A morphometric analysis of Eucalyptus urophylla and related taxa with descriptions of two new species

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
LD Pryor ◽  
ER Williams ◽  
BV Gunn
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
The Core ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Oil Characteristics

Over 400 specimens from 26 locations, mainly in the Lesser Sunda Islands and some from New Guinea and northern Cape York, were examined. These were representative of an array of forms ordinarily assigned to Eucalyptus urophylla, E. pellita and an undescribed species as well as those considered by some to be hybrid between E. alba and E. urophylla. The latter has long been considered to show considerable polymorphism. Re-examination of the available material and records suggest that interspecific hybridisation is not significantly involved in this variability. Although this examination pointed to the existence of some differentiation at the level of species in this array, there was still a core of material which could not be separated readily into subgroups. Measurements were taken of selected floral and foliar morphological features which were then subject to statistical analysis to ascertain if subgroups were discernible on this basis. As a result, the separation of two species, Eucalyptus orophila sp. nov. and Eucalyptus wetarensis sp. nov. from Eucalyptus urophylla sensu lato in the Lesser Sunda Islands, is supported. The related populations called species A by Pinyopusarerk et al. (1993), from New Guinea and northern Cape York, were to a somewhat lesser extent separated on these criteria. These results were paralleled by evidence from seedling morphology and oil characteristics. Isozyme analysis gave a similar grouping for the material from Wetar, but did not indicate other separations from the core E. urophylla.

scholarly journals Comportamento tático coletivo em Pequenos Jogos no Futebol: influência de jogadores adicionais

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gibson Moreira Praça ◽  
Hugo Folgado ◽  
André Gustavo Pereira de Andrade ◽  
Pablo Juan Greco
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Collective Variables ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Centroid Distance ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Polar Coordinate ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Positional Data

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p62 The aim of this study was to compare the collective tactical behavior between numerically balanced and unbalanced small-sided soccer games. Eighteen male soccer players (mean age 16.4 years) participated in the study. Polar coordinate analysis was performed using positional data obtained with a 15-Hz GPS device. Collective variables including length, width, centroid distance (average point between teammates), and length per width ratio (LPWratio) were collected. Data were analyzed using Friedman’s test. The results showed greater length and width values in 4vs.3 games, while a higher LPWratiowas observed in 3vs.3+2 games compared to the other configurations. In games with an additional player (4vs.3), ball circulation and the increase in effective game space were alternatives to overcome the more concentrated defensive systems near the goal. On the other hand, 3vs.3+2 games allowed more actions in the length axis and a fast reach of the opponent’s goal.

scholarly journals Do we have infraspecific taxa of Salvia multicaulis Vahl. (Lamiaceae) in Iran?

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mehdi Talebi ◽  
Reza Rezakhanlou ◽  
A V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Basal Leaf ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Length Width

<p><em>Salvia multicaulis</em> is a widespread species of Lamiaceae family in Iran. There are many discussions about its infraspecific variations. Although some varieties were definite for this species in various parts of the world, no infraspecific taxon was reported in Iran and all samples of this species were named as S. multicaulis. In this study, morphological characteristics of S. multicaulis populations, naturally growing in Iran, was examined. Twenty-two traits were examined in 94 individuals of this species to<br />identify their phenotypic difference. Most of the investigated features were showing a high degree of variability, but it was highly pronounced for some characteristics such as basal leaf shape, basal leaf width, basal leaf length/ width ratio and basal petiole length. Significant positive/negative correlations were observed between some morphological variables. Furthermore, significant negative correlations were found between the eastern distribution of populations with basal leaf petiole length and basal leaf length/ width ratio. Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis, populations were divided into two main branches. The first branch contained four populations, while the second branch was bigger and clustered in two sub-branches. In one of them,<br />three populations and in another one the rest populations arranged in two groups. CA joined plot confirmed that each of studied populations or group of populations had distinct morphological trait(s), which were useful in identification of them. Our findings supported population no. 13 had unique morphological traits such as the largest bracts and basal leaf petiole, highest flower number of each inflorescence cycle, widest and largest calyx. The conservation of the highly diverse populations of<br />Iranian S. multicaulis is recommended.</p>

A new species of Boholina (Copepoda, Calanoida, Boholinidae) from Ganghwa Island in western Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Yong Moon ◽  
Ho Young Soh
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endopodal Segment ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Spine Length ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Distal Spine ◽  
The Right ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Boholina, B. ganghwaensis sp. nov. is described, based on specimens collected from burrows of the manicure crab, Cleistostoma dilatatum, in the tidal flat of Ganghwa Island in western Korea. The new species is closely similar to B. purgata and B. parapurgata by having a pointed process on the posterior angles of the second and third pedigerous somites and a similar rostrum in the female, but can be distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: in females by the genital double-somite with small hook-like process on each gonoporal plate, the setation of the distal endopodal segment of mandible, the basis and first endopodal segment of the maxillule incompletely separated, the inner distal spine/outer terminal spine length ratio on P5; and in males by the distal spine present on the posterior surface of the basis of both P5 and the length/width ratio of the endopod of the right P5. This is the first Bololina species recorded from the north-west Pacific.

scholarly journals Absorption and translocation of dicamba in dicamba-tolerant wild tomato

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rouzbeh Zangoueinejad ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim ◽  
Te-Ming Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Drift Rate ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Wild Tomato ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Wild Accessions

Herbicide tolerance is commonly associated with reduced absorption and translocation of the herbicide; we hypothesized that the mechanism of dicamba tolerance in wild tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) accessions is due to these characteristics. The absorption and translocation of dicamba were investigated at a drift rate of 2.8 g a.e. ha−1 in three predetermined dicamba-tolerant (DT) wild accessions (TOM199, TOM198, and TOM300) and compared with two dicamba-susceptible (DS) commercial tomato cultivars [Money Maker (MM) and Better Boy (BB)]. Dicamba was quantified in three different parts of the tomato plant: two upper leaves, two lower leaves, and the roots at 1, 3, and 7 d after treatment. Both MM and BB absorbed more dicamba then all the three DT accessions. The overall translocation pattern of dicamba was similar between DS cultivars and DT accessions, thus suggesting that tolerance to dicamba in wild accessions may not be associated with reduced translocation but instead with reduced uptake of the herbicide. Additionally, reduced dicamba absorption in DT accessions may be attributed to their leaf characteristics, such as the presence of narrower leaves (3.42 leaf length/width ratio) and higher trichome density (20 no. mm−2) in DT accessions, than compared with DS cultivars (1.92 leaf length/width ratio and 8 no. mm−2 trichome density).

scholarly journals Comparison of morphological characters of different poplar species (Populus, Salicaceae) using the example of Russian and Central Asian Tacamahaca (Spach) Penjkovsky subgenus representatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Nasimovich ◽  
Natalia Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Central Asian

Statistical analysis of 10 quantitative and 9 qualitative diagnostic characters of leaves and shoots of three Russian (Populus laurifolia Ledeb., P. nigra L., P. suaveolens Fisch.) and two Central Asian (P. usbekistanica Komarov, P. macrocarpa (Schrenk.) N. Pavl. et Lipsch.) poplar species of the Tacamahaca (Spach) Penjkovsky subgenus was performed. It was shown that according to studied quantitative characters P. nigra (Aegirus section) and P. suaveolens (Tacamahaca section) belong to opposite “poles”. This could be possibly due to the fact that the first species is the most common for lowlands poplar in said group, and the second species is the most mountainous and confined to the most severe climatic conditions. The natural areas of these two species are also geographically extremely far from one another. The other three species occupy an intermediate position both in their characters, in terms of growth, and geographically. In addition, they all hybridize in nature with Populus nigra, and Populus laurifolia also with P. suaveolens, which can also explain the intermediate nature of their characters. It was shown that the leaf characters, such as leaf length and width, leaf length and width ratio etc., reflect the specificity of the studied species somewhat worse than a number of specific characters (leaf maximum width position, leaf teeth height and lateral edge radius of curvature, leaf top length and width).

Psammophilous halacarid mites (Trombidiformes, Halacaridae) from the North Coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2823 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALMIR R. PEPATO ◽  
CLÁUDIO G. TIAGO ◽  
CARLOS E. F. ROCHA
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The North ◽  
Plate Margin ◽  
Length Width ◽  
First Time

Five halacarid species are reported from the Brazilian coast for the first time. Scaptognathides delicatulus, formerly known only from its type locality in Kuwait; Scaptognathus gibbosus, known from Galapagos and Somalia; and Scaptognathus insularis known from northeastern Australia, have their distributions extended. Along with these new records, Halacaroides antoniazziae sp. nov. and Acarochelopodia caissara sp. nov. are described. Halacaroides antoniazziae sp. nov. differs from its congeners by the presence of three subgenital setae in males and none in females, 41–44 perigenital setae and two posterior external genital acetabula in males. Acarochelopodia caissara sp. nov. has a rounded anterior epimeral plate margin, the posterior epimeral plates are partially divided into two halves but anteriorly joined by a narrow band, the dorsal setae on tarsus I are grouped 1:2, and the anterior and posterior dorsal plates have a length: width ratio of 1.61–1.77 and 1.60–1.70, respectively.

The separation of Betulapopulifolia and Betulapendula and their status in Ontario

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Catling ◽  
K. W. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
The North ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Resin Glands

The North American Betulapopulifolia differs from the European Betulapendula in having a larger number of peltate resin glands on greyish twigs, leaves with long–caudate tips, and a dense pubescence on the adaxial surface of the pistillate scales. Furthermore, B. populifolia is a plant of acid, peaty, or sandy substrates, whereas B. pendula grows in acid to neutral or occasionally slightly alkaline substrates. The bark of B. pendula exfoliates in long thin strands, whereas in B. populifolia it exfoliates as small, very thin rectangular flakes or appears not to exfoliate at all. The basal parts of older trunks of B. pendula often develop vertical fissures, which never develop in B. populifolia. Analysis of variance suggests that the most useful quantitative characters for distinguishing the two species are scale width and the length/width ratio of the terminal one-quarter of the leaf. Several other quantitative characters are useful discriminators but are not entirely reliable by themselves. Discriminant analyses with and without qualitative characters separated a sample of North American B. populifolia from a sample of European B. pendula. The derived discriminant formula placed many members of a variable natural population from near Ottawa in an intermediate position, suggesting hybridization. The use of heavily weighted qualitative characters in the discriminant formula placed much of the hybrid population in the B. populifolia group, whereas the use of quantitative characters alone placed much of the hybrid population in the B. pendula group. As putative hybrids are being widely distributed by nurseries, the identification of the two species is likely to become increasingly problematic. Betulapendula is a widespread and naturally spreading escape from cultivation in southern Ontario, while B. populifolia is a native species confined in Ontario to the eastern portion of the province between the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers, with a possible outlier in Elgin County in southwestern Ontario.

scholarly journals A new broad-leaved species of loquat from eastern Myanmar and its phylogenetic affinity in the genus Eriobotrya (Rosaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 482 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-290
Author(s):  
Dae-Hyun Kang ◽  
Homervergel G. Ong ◽  
Jung-Hoon Lee ◽  
Eui-Kwon Jung ◽  
Naing-Oo Kyaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Broad Leaved Species

Eriobotrya shanense, a new species from the karst region of Shan State, eastern Myanmar, is described and illustrated. This evergreen tree is similar to the autumn and winter-flowering, large-leaved species E. malipoensis and E. japonica by having tomentose hairs on the abaxial leaf surface, but can be distinguished by its obovate, widely obelliptic or oval blade shape, leaf length-width ratio of 2:1 (vs. 3:1), and rounded or obtuse apex (vs. acute). The species also resembles less-known, undercollected Myanmar broad-leaved species E. wardii and E. platyphylla in leaf shape and length-width ratio, but can be easily differentiated by the presence of tomentose hairs on the leaves, and inflorescence. Phylogenetic analysis based on nrDNA ITS region supported its close affinity with E. malipoensis and E. japonica. Molecular data also generally grouped the 17 congeneric taxa accessions in congruence to their leaf morphology, with the entire Eriobotrya clade strongly supported to be monophyletic and separate from Rhaphiolepis.

Regional differences in hypericin and pseudohypericin concentrations and five morphological traits among Hypericum perforatum plants in the northwestern United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1248-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren Walker ◽  
Tara Sirvent ◽  
Donna Gibson ◽  
Nan Vance
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum L ◽  
Geographic Differences ◽  
Noxious Weed

Geographic differences among Hypericum perforatum L. plants in concentration of two hypericins and five morphological characteristics were analyzed in plants collected from four sites each in northern California and western Montana and two sites in Oregon. Differences among regional collections of H. perforatum were assessed based on analysis of hypericin and pseudohypericin concentration in floral, leaf, and stem tissue; light and dark leaf gland density; leaf area; leaf length/width ratio; and stem height. Significant differences in morphological and biochemical traits were detected primarily between samples collected from California and Montana. California samples had higher concentrations of hypericins, greater leaf gland density, larger leaves, and taller stems than those from Montana. Overall, Oregon samples did not consistently differentiate from those of Montana and California. Seasonal differences in hypericins were analyzed in Oregon plants only. Mean floral concentration of pseudohypericin (0.29%) and hypericin (0.06%) were highest during anthesis coinciding with July and August sampling dates, whereas mean leaf concentrations (0.19 and 0.04%, respectively) were highest in August.Key words: Hypericum perforatum, hypericin, St. John's wort, leaf glands, noxious weed, medicinal plant.

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