Distribution and Impact of Armillaria luteobubalina in the Eucalyptus marginata Forest of South-Western Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
BL Shearer ◽  
JT Tippett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
The West ◽  
Fire Scars ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo ◽  
Lower Stem

Armillaria luteobubalina is a widespread primary pathogen in the Eucalyptus marginata forest of south-western Australia. Over 200 infection centres were identified during the 5-year period between 1981 and 1985. The fungus sporulated during June and July, usually from roots but sometimes from stems (e.g. E. calophylla). Armillaria luteobubalina basidiomes were found originating from roots of 34 plant species, with greatest incidence on roots of E. marginata. Root systems were excavated and patterns of A . Luteobubalina invasion recorded. Rhizomorphs were not found and fungal spread between hosts was via root to root contacts, Variation in host species' susceptibility to the fungus was reflected in different patterns of xylem compartmentalisation and variable amounts of cambial damage. The degree of resistance expressed at the collar or lower stem determined the fate of individuals of the various species. Lack of resistance in Eucalyptus wandoo to tangential spread of A. luteobubalina often resulted in death by the time columns of decay had advanced into the lower stem or butt. Banksia grandis, E. calophylla, E. gomphocephala, and E. marginata resisted to varying degrees. Inverted V-shaped lesions, often mis- taken for fire scars, were evidence of the ability of E. gomphocephala and E. marginata individuals to resist tangential spread and prevent girdling of stems. In stems of E. calophylla, lesions did not have a definite V shape, decay penetrated deeper and the fungus persisted longer than in those of E. marginata. Host mortality following infection was greater in the intermediate- and low-rainfall zones of the eastern E. marginata forest than in the high-rainfall zone to the west.

The long-term ability of phosphite to control Phytophthora cinnamomi in two native plant communities of Western Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Tynan ◽  
C. J. Wilkinson ◽  
J. M. Holmes ◽  
B. Dell ◽  
I. J. Colquhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the ability of foliar applications of the fungicide phosphite to contain colonisation of Phytophthora cinnamomi in a range of plant species growing in natural plant communities in the northern sandplain and jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest of south-western Australia. Wound inoculation of plant stems with P. cinnamomi was used to determine the efficacy of phosphite over time after application. Colonisation by P. cinnamomi was reduced for 5–24 months after phosphite was applied, depending on the concentration of phosphite used, plant species treated and the time of phosphite application. Plant species within and between plant communities varied considerably in their ability to take up and retain phosphite in inoculated stems and in the in planta concentrations of phosphite required to contain P. cinnamomi. As spray application rates of phosphite increased from 5 to 20 g L–1, stem tissue concentrations increased, as did the ability of a plant species to contain P. cinnamomi. However, at application rates of phosphite above 5 g L–1 phytotoxicity symptoms were obvious in most species, with some plants being killed. So, despite 10 and 20 g L–1 of phosphite being more effective and persistent in controlling P. cinnamomi, these rates are not recommended for application to the plant species studied. The results of this study indicate that foliar application of phosphite has considerable potential in reducing the impact of P. cinnamomi in native plant communities in the short-term. However, in order to maintain adequate control, phosphite should be sprayed every 6–12 months, depending on the species and/or plant community.

The mineral composition of lupins. 1. A survey of the copper, molydbenum and managanese contents of lupins in the south-west of Western Australia

1962 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Gladstones ◽  
DP Drover
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
The South ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
The West ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
South West ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Gravelly Soils

Mature plant samples of four Lupinus species from several districts in the south-west of Western Australia, grown on a range of soil types, were analysed for copper, manganese and molybdenum. L. angustifolius had consistently lower copper and molybdenum contents than L. digitatus and L. luteus. L. albus was notable for its extremely high manganese contents, the levels in the seeds being 5-15 times higher than in seeds of other lupin species grown at the same site. Some correlation was found between contents of the three elements in the plants and the nature of the soil and natural vegetation at the site of collection. Manganese and molybdenum, and to a lesser extent copper, contents fell markedly on passing from the brownish sands developed over limestone along the west coast to the deeper and more leached sands further inland. All samples from sandy or gravelly soils characterised by jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and Banksia and Casuarina species were low in both copper and molybdenum. Samples from soils characterised by marri (E. calophylla) also tended to be low in copper, but some had quite high molybdenum contents. Manganese levels in the plants appeared to be closely related to soil texture. The levels of copper in lupins on several of the soil types used for commercial lupin growing were below those considered necessary to meet the requirements of grazing stock, especially where Lupinus angustifolius was used. Copper topdressing at commercial rates did not appear to increase the copper content of lupins substantially. No evidence was found of any relationship between the copper, manganese or molybdenum contents of lupins and the incidence of lupinosis in stock.

scholarly journals Distribution and status of the red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura)

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Short ◽  
Andrew Hide
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The West ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Jarrah Forest ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
To Come ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo

The red-tailed phascogale once extended widely across semiarid and arid Australia, but is now entirely confined to the southern wheatbelt of Western Australia, occupying less than 1% of its former range. Here it occurs in a portion of the Avon Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, and Esperance Plains biogeographical regions. The species persists only in areas that have been extensively cleared for agriculture and where the remaining bushland is highly fragmented. It does not appear to extend into unfragmented habitat in either the Jarrah Forest to the west or Mallee region to the east. It occurs primarily in woodland habitat with old-growth hollow-producing eucalypts, primarily wandoo (Eucalyptus wandoo) or York Gum (E. loxophleba), but records from the periphery of its current range appear to come from a broader range of habitats, including shrublands and various mosaics of woodland, shrubland, and scrub-heath. Key factors limiting persistence are likely to be fragmentation of habitat that is likely to greatly increase the risks associated with dispersal, a shortage of suitable nesting hollows in many vegetation associations, and predation by feral and domestic cats and by foxes. These factors, particularly fragmentation and lack of suitable nesting hollows, suggest that the species’ long-term persistence in areas beyond the wandoo belt is far from assured.

Tree Species Preferences of Foraging Birds in Jarrah Forest in Western Australia.

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Abbott ◽  
PV Heurck
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Jarrah Forest ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Species Preferences

A study of foraging by 10 bird species suggests that selective logging of large Eucalyptus marginata will only have affected Melithreptus lunatus, but that proposed silvicultural treatments, including removal of Banksia grandis, may affect several other bird species.

scholarly journals Signs of wildlife activity and Eucalyptus wandoo condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Moore ◽  
M. D. Craig ◽  
L. E. Valentine ◽  
G. E. St J. Hardy ◽  
P. A. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Foraging Effort ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo ◽  
Tree Condition

Soil disturbance by terrestrial vertebrates when foraging for food and shelter is not only a sign of activity but an ecosystem function required for soil health. Many forests and woodlands worldwide are currently showing signs of a decline in condition due to various causes. Eucalyptus wandoo, endemic to south-west Western Australia, has undergone a decline in condition over the last decade. This paper explores the influence of E. wandoo condition (e.g. loss of canopy) and the associated changes in the habitat (e.g. changes in leaf litter and bare ground cover) on the foraging activities and soil disturbance by vertebrates. The number of diggings and scats, a representation of the foraging effort by some vertebrates, were recorded in Dryandra Woodland and Wandoo Conservation Park, Western Australia. Mixed-model ANOVAs were used to explore the relationships between the number of scats and diggings with tree and habitat characteristics. More vertebrate diggings and scats were recorded beneath healthier E. wandoo trees. Diggings and scats were also correlated with time since last fire and seasonal differences, with more time since last fire and wetter months related to more diggings and scats. Changes in foraging effort, or turnover of soil by vertebrates, could be a result modification of the level of soil turnover and alter many ecosystem services such as tree recruitment and nutrient cycling, in turn altering the habitat quality and even tree condition itself.

scholarly journals "Payneham Vale": integrated whole farm Planning

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
R. S. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
The South ◽  
Farm Planning ◽  
South West ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo

IN 1908, Ron's grandfather, Issac Gray, took up an uncleared block of land 15 km north of Frankland in the south-west of Western Australia (see Fig. 1, Hobbs 2003). During that time he ran a few cattle in the bush and clearing of the native woodlands of Wandoo (white gum) Eucalyptus wandoo, J arrah E. marginata and Marri (Redgum) E. calophylla was slow and tedious. Ron's parents took over the farm in 1947, and with the advent of the bulldozer, clearing of Watkin's property and surrounding district began in earnest during the 1950s. Clearing continued as fast "as money permitted", until almost the last natural vegetation was knocked down in 1978 (Fig. 1). Annual pastures with some cropping (for supplementary feed) were the main source of fodder for sheep and cattle.

Breeding biology and movements of Australian sea-lions, Neophoca cinerea, off the west coasst of Western Australia

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Gales ◽  
AJ Cheal ◽  
GJ Pobar ◽  
P Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
The West ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Neophoca Cinerea

The Australian sea-lion, Neophoca cinerea, has a 17-18-month breeding cycle on islands off the west coast of Western Australia. Buller, North Fisherman and Beagle Is are the main pupping sites, with several very small colonies (n> 3) at the Abrolhos Is. The 4-5-month pupping seasons are synchronised at North Fisherman and Beagle Is, but the sea-lions from Buller I. breed one month later and those from the Abrolhos Is two months earlier. Pup production and pup mortality were highly variable between seasons over which observations were recorded: 129 pups were born at the main breeding sites in early 1988, the mortality in the first five months was 7.1%, whereas 181 pups were born in late 1989 of which 24.3% died. Pups remain in the vicinity of their natal islands for the first 4-5 months of life before leaving, perhaps on foraging trips, with their mothers. Most return to their natal island, although others haulout on islands up to 27 km away. Some male N. cinerea congregate in bachelor colonies on islands adjacent to the Perth metropolitan region during the non-breeding season and migrate up to 280 km north each breeding season. The status of the isolated, west-coast N. cinerea population is unknown. The current high level of human pressure on sea-lion terrestrial habitats and their food resources indicate a need for further monitoring of this species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document