Pattern of Geographic Variation, Based on Seedling Morphology, in Eucalyptus Ovata Labill. And E. Brookerana A.m. Gray [Provenances From Victoria, Tasmania and King Island] and Comparisons With Some Other Eucalyptus Species.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
PY Ladiges ◽  
AM Gray ◽  
MIH Brooker
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
Interpopulation Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Ovata

Fourteen populations of Eucalyptus brookerana. a newly described species, and 11 populations of E. ovata were selected throughout the species' distribution ranges in southern Victoria, King Island and Tasmania, and the morphology of seedlings compared by classification and ordination techniques. Although adult trees of the two taxa can be similar in the field. seedlings are distinctly different. Both species, however, show interpopulation variation. Populations of E. brookerana from King Island. Bass Strait, and the Otway Ranges of southern Victoria were similar to one another and different as a group from the Tasmanian populations. Both E, brookerana and E. ovata showed evidence of clinal variation, e.g. increased oil gland density with increased latitude. These seedling populations were also compared with E. barberi, E. yarraensis and E. subcrenulata, and the possible evolutionary relationships of E. ovnta, E. brookerana and E. barberi are discussed.

Long-term stress level in a small mammal species undergoing range expansion

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien André ◽  
Johan Michaux ◽  
Jorge Gaitan ◽  
Virginie Millien
Keyword(s):  
Stress Level ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
White Footed Mouse

Abstract Rapid climate change is currently altering species distribution ranges. Evaluating the long-term stress level in wild species undergoing range expansion may help better understanding how species cope with the changing environment. Here, we focused on the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), a widespread small mammal species in North-America whose distribution range is rapidly shifting northward. We evaluated long-term stress level in several populations of P. leucopus in Quebec (Canada), from the northern edge of the species distribution to more core populations in Southern Quebec. We first tested the hypothesis that populations at the range margin are under higher stress than more established populations in the southern region of our study area. We then compared four measures of long-term stress level to evaluate the congruence between these commonly used methods. We did not detect any significant geographical trend in stress level across our study populations of P. leucopus. Most notably, we found no clear congruence between the four measures of stress level we used, and conclude that these four commonly used methods are not equivalent, thereby not comparable across studies.

scholarly journals A Checklist of the Moths of Alaska

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3571 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLIFFORD D. FERRIS ◽  
JAMES J. KRUSE ◽  
J. DONALD LAFONTAINE ◽  
KENELM W. PHILIP ◽  
B. CHRISTIAN SCHMIDT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
North American ◽  
The State ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
First Time

This article represents the first published complete checklist of the moth taxa, resident and occasional, recorded to datefor Alaska. Seven-hundred and ten species are listed. General species distribution ranges within the state are included.Three North American records are listed for the first time: Cydia cornucopiae (Tengström); Eucosma hohenwartiana ([D. & S.]); Acronicta menyanthidis (Vieweg).

Clinal Variation in the Common Brown Butterfly Heteronympha merope merope (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pearse ◽  
ND Murray
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Random Processes ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
The Common ◽  
Interpopulation Variation ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
East West

Analyses of variation in seven wing pattern characters in H. merope merope females, from 22 sites throughout the range of the subspecies, show that the variation generally has a substantial genetic component. All characters exhibit significant interpopulation variation and one character (S) shows an obvious clinal pattern in a north-south direction. Variation in the total wing phenotype was examined by a multivariate principal component analysis. The first two principal components identified also show a clinal pattern: a north-south cline in component 1 and an east-west cline in component 2. Variation in component 1 is significantly associated with winter humidity and that in the second with yearly rainfall. Because the components cannot be identified simply as size, shape or colour vectors the possible adaptive significance of the results is not clear, although there is some indirect evidence that the pattern of variation is due to natural selection rather than random processes.

Eucalyptus Aromaphloia Pryor & Willis ̵1 a Redefinition of Geographical and Morphological Boundaries

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chappill ◽  
PY Ladiges ◽  
D Boland
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Data ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
North West ◽  
Adult Leaf ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Individual Trees

Adult and seedling morphological data collected for 37 populations referred to Eucalyptus aromaphloia Pryor & Willis have been analysed using a range of multivariate classification and ordination techniques. The analysis of adult leaf, bud and fruit morphology revealed only a subtle pattern of geographical variation of limited diagnostic significance. Differentiation in terms of seedling morphology was more marked, and four groups were identified. A relatively high incidence of character segregation in progeny from individual trees was observed and.the implications of this are discussed. Two of the four groups encompass seedlings with non-glaucous, narrow juvenile leaves and round stems. The first group comprises populations from the Little Desert and the Grampian Ranges west of the Mt William Range. The juvenile leaves are linear, sessile for many nodes and often become falcate after 15-20 nodes. The second group is a single population from east of Rylstone, north-west of Sydney. The juvenile leaves are lanceolate and become petiolate but not falcate after the 15th leaf node. This population was previously referred to E. corticosa L. Johnson. The third group is similar to the type of E. aromaphloia and populations were found only in west- central Victoria, from the Mt William Range in the Grampians east to the Brisbane Range near Melbourne. Seedlings are characterised by round stems and ovate, glaucous juvenile leaves that are sessile or subsessile for many leaf nodes. Thus E. aromaphloia s. str. has a more restricted distribution than previously described. The fourth group comprises populations from eastern Victoria where the juvenile leaves are non- glaucous, broad-lanceolate, distinctly petiolate by the 11th node and the stems are often square.

scholarly journals Predicting the Distribution of Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge in the Source Region of the Yellow River (China) Based on UAV Sampling Data and Species Distribution Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5129
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Yaxin Yuan ◽  
Zequn Zhu ◽  
Qingshan Ma ◽  
Hongyan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Distribution Ranges

Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge is an herbaceous perennial poisonous weed. It severely affects the production of local animal husbandry and ecosystem stability in the source region of Yellow River (SRYR), China. To date, however, the spatiotemporal distribution of O. ochrocephala is still unclear, mainly due to lack of high-precision observation data and effective methods at a regional scale. In this study, an efficient sampling method, based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), was proposed to supply basic sampling data for species distribution models (SDMs, BIOMOD in this study). A total of 3232 aerial photographs were obtained, from 2018 to 2020, in SRYR, and the potential and future distribution of O. ochrocephala were predicted by an ensemble model, consisting of six basic models of BIOMOD. The results showed that: (1) O. ochrocephala mainly distributed in the southwest, middle, and northeast of the SRYR, and the high suitable habitat of O. ochrocephala accounted for 3.19%; (2) annual precipitation and annual mean temperature were the two most important factors that affect the distribution of O. ochrocephala, with a cumulative importance of 60.45%; and (3) the distribution probability of O. ochrocephala tends to increase from now to the 2070s, while spatial distribution ranges will remain in the southwest, middle, and northeast of the SRYR. This study shows that UAVs can potentially be used to obtain the basic data for species distribution modeling; the results are both beneficial to establishing reasonable management practices and animal husbandry in alpine grassland systems.

Diversity and evolution of New Caledonian endemic Taophila subgenus Lapita (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (4) ◽  
pp. 1123-1154
Author(s):  
Leonardo Platania ◽  
Anabela Cardoso ◽  
Jesús Gómez-Zurita
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mtdna Markers

Abstract New Caledonia is an important biodiversity hotspot, where numerous plant and animal groups show high levels of species diversity and endemicity, while facing multiple threats to their habitats. Leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae illustrate this pattern, with species estimates higher than the number of described taxa and distribution ranges that are often consistent with microendemicity. In this study, we increase the knowledge of this group by focusing on the Taophila subgenus Lapita, known from three species but here expanded to eleven with eight new species: T. atlantis sp. nov., T. hermes sp. nov., T. kronos sp. nov., T. oceanica sp. nov., T. olympica sp. nov., T. ouranos sp. nov., T. riberai sp. nov., and T. tridentata sp. nov. Additionally, we infer the evolutionary history of the group using mtDNA markers (COI and rrnS). This phylogeny and the species distribution help hypothesize a model of evolution for this lineage in the context of historical climatic and geological changes of New Caledonia.

scholarly journals What do we know about the life-history traits of widely hunted tropical mammals?

Oryx ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-676
Author(s):  
Nathalie van Vliet ◽  
Robert Nasi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Local People ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Parameter Values

AbstractWe synthesize information on parameters useful for managing the hunting of two common mammal species that are important for local people in the Neotropics and Africa: Cuniculus paca and Philantomba monticola, respectively. We highlight the scarcity of data available on the parameters needed to manage these two species sustainably. As most of the studies were conducted > 40 years ago, we stress the need to supplement the information available using methodological and technical innovations. In particular, we call for new assessments covering the possible variations in parameter values across the species’ distribution ranges, and covering various anthropogenic contexts, to test density-dependent and compensatory processes that may explain the resilience of these species to hunting.

scholarly journals Checklist of the Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) of India

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeevi Prakash ◽  
Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar ◽  
Syed Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Gulf Of Mannar ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Indian Waters ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Annotated Checklist

Although the porcellanid fauna of Indian waters has been studied for more than 150 years, diversity of this family remains underestimated. In order to complement the knowledge on the porcellanid fauna of India, an annotated checklist is herein provided on the basis of published literature. A total of 30 species belonging to 11 genera are currently known from Indian waters. The distribution ranges of two porcellanids Porcellanella haigae and Pseudoporcellanella manoliensis indicate that they are endemic, as they are, so far, known only from their type locality (Gulf of Mannar, Tamilnadu). The list is arranged alphabetically by genus and species with information on species’ distribution and ecology.

scholarly journals Integrating statistical and mechanistic approaches with biotic and environmental variables improves model predictions of the impact of climate and land-use changes on future mosquito-vector abundance, diversity and distributions in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene T. Madzokere ◽  
Willow Hallgren ◽  
Oz Sahin ◽  
Julie A. Webster ◽  
Cameron E. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Changes to Australia’s climate and land-use patterns could result in expanded spatial and temporal distributions of endemic mosquito vectors including Aedes and Culex species that transmit medically important arboviruses. Climate and land-use changes greatly influence the suitability of habitats for mosquitoes and their behaviors such as mating, feeding and oviposition. Changes in these behaviors in turn determine future species-specific mosquito diversity, distribution and abundance. In this review, we discuss climate and land-use change factors that influence shifts in mosquito distribution ranges. We also discuss the predictive and epidemiological merits of incorporating these factors into a novel integrated statistical (SSDM) and mechanistic species distribution modelling (MSDM) framework. One potentially significant merit of integrated modelling is an improvement in the future surveillance and control of medically relevant endemic mosquito vectors such as Aedes vigilax and Culex annulirostris, implicated in the transmission of many arboviruses such as Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus, and exotic mosquito vectors such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. We conducted a focused literature search to explore the merits of integrating SSDMs and MSDMs with biotic and environmental variables to better predict the future range of endemic mosquito vectors. We show that an integrated framework utilising both SSDMs and MSDMs can improve future mosquito-vector species distribution projections in Australia. We recommend consideration of climate and environmental change projections in the process of developing land-use plans as this directly impacts mosquito-vector distribution and larvae abundance. We also urge laboratory, field-based researchers and modellers to combine these modelling approaches. Having many different variations of integrated (SDM) modelling frameworks could help to enhance the management of endemic mosquitoes in Australia. Enhanced mosquito management measures could in turn lead to lower arbovirus spread and disease notification rates.

Variations in Populations of Eucalyptus ovata Labill., And the Effects of Waterlogging on Seedling Growth

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Clucas ◽  
PY Ladiges
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Tree Form ◽  
Ecotypic Differentiation ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Ovata

Techniques of classification and ordination were used to describe the pattern of variation in tree form and leaf, fruit and seedling morphology found in four southern Victorian populations, referred to as Eucalyptus ovata (swamp gum), from sites differing in mean annual rainfall, soil type and severity of waterlogging. Trees from sites with higher mean annual rainfall were large in stature (33 + m) and smooth-trunked with a variable amount of flaky bark at the base. Fruits were typical of E. ovata in shape, although their size, and that of leaves, varied from west to east from relatively large to small. In drier coastal areas in western Victoria trees may be short (5 m), multi-stemmed, large-fruited and small-leaved compared with the more common, and typical, open-forest form of the species. Seedlings from the tall open-forest forms grew rapidly, developed distinctly square stems and broad lanceolate to cordate leaves which were opposite and sessile at least to the 10th node, and had a low frequency of lignotuber development. In contrast, seedlings from open-forest forms of lower rainfall areas, and particularly from waterlogged sites, were slower-growing and morphologically more typical of the species, having round stems, oval leaves which were petiolate and alternating at the 10th node, and lignotubers. Waterlogging reduced seedling yield, leaf size and lignotuber development. All populations responded similarly to waterlogging treatment and typical responses included development of stem hypertrophy and adventitious roots which were often negatively geotropic. The pattern of variation observed in southern Victoria may reflect ecotypic differentiation, although the source of that genetic information may have been the result of past hybridization, perhaps with E. cypellocarpa or E. viminalis depending on locality.

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