Morphology and taxonomy of the Dasyaceae and the Lophothalieae (Rhodomelaceae) of the Rhodophyta

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Fusion Cell ◽  
Superficial Similarity ◽  
New Tribe ◽  
Sympodial Growth

To date the knowledge of the family Dasyaceae has been obtained from species known only in the northern hemisphere, yet southern Australia is an important centre of distribution for species of this family. These morphological studies on the Dasyaceae concern four species of Dasya (Dasya clavigera (Womersley) comb. nov. has been transferred from Dasyopsis), five species of Heterosiphonia and two species of Thuretia. Additional comments are made on a further species of Dasya and one of Heterosiphonia. New descriptions of the genera are given. Several features reported in the literature as being characteristic of the Dasyaceae are found to be inconsistent and it is shown that the development of the fusion cell, and the sympodial growth of the thallus, are good family characters. Three genera of the tribe Lophothalieae (Rhodomelaceae) are studied because of their superficial similarity with species in the Dasyaceae. The type species of Lophothalia, Doxodasya and Haplodasya, and one other species of Doxodasya and Haplodasya (H. tomentosa sp. nov.) are studied in detail to provide an understanding of the tribe Lophothalieae. Haplodasya, once placed in the Dasyaceae, is removed to the Lophothalieae. Comparisons of the Lophothalieae with Brongniartella (as described in the literature) are made and the differences require the formation of a new tribe, the Brongniartelleae, to take Brongniartella and similar genera once placed close to Lophothalia. It would appear that the Lophothalieae and the Dasyaceae are examples of parallel evolution of thallus form and are not closely related. Two species of Dasya and two of Heterosiphonia were used in an attempt to culture these plants completely through their life cycle in the laboratory. Dasya clavigera has been successfully taken through its life cycle for two generations of sexual plants and one of tetrasporangial plants. No other species grew to reproductive maturity.

A new approach to the phylogeny of Euascomycetes with a cladistic outline of Arthoniales focussing on Roccellaceae

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2458-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Tehler
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
Working Hypothesis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
Bitunicate Ascus

A phylogenetic working hypothesis of euascomycete relationships is presented. Paraphysoidal ascolocular fungi are monophyletic and ascohymenial fungi are paraphyletic as paraphyses are considered plesiomorphic and paraphysoids apomorphic within euascomycete fungi. As a result it is not necessary to postulate parallel evolution of the bitunicate ascus, and furthermore presence of paraphyses in the prototunicate caliciaceous fungi is no longer in conflict with paraphyses in ascohymenial fungi. A cladistic outline of the order Arthoniales with special focus on the Roccellaceae including 20 taxa and 92 characters is presented. The type species of all genera considered are used as terminal taxa. It is suggested that the type species of Arthothelium should be excluded from the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae are paraphyletic as Arthonia radiata and Arthothelium spectabile form a grade pair. The family Roccellaceae is monophyletic and corroborated in its traditional sense, but some rearrangements within the family are made. Opegrapha vulgata and Lecanactis abietina form a pair, but the family Opegraphaceae is paraphyletic if the pair Chiodecton sphaerale and Schismatomma pericleum are included. The originally described ascoma of the species Darbishirella gracillima, Ingaderia pulcherrima, and Reinkella fragillima are found to be lichenicolous fungi. The mycobiont ascomata of Darbishirella gracillima produce 3- not 2-septate spores. No ascomata of the mycobionts of the two latter species have as yet been found. Key words: Euascomycetes, Arthoniales, Roccellaceae, phylogeny, cladistics, lichenicolous.

The life cycle of Eucheilota medusifera ? (Torrey, 1902), comb. nov. [=Campalecium medusiferum] (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Lovenellidae) from the Bay of Biscay (northeastern Atlantic), including a description of the adult medusa

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1856 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÁLVARO ALTUNA
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

The life cycle of Campalecium medusiferum ? Torrey, 1902 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) was traced in the laboratory from material collected from the Bay of Biscay (northeastern Atlantic). Both newly released and one-month-old male medusae with fully-grown gonads are described, with remarks on their biology and behaviour. The adult medusa corresponds with the diagnosis of Eucheilota McCrady, 1859, and the species is reassigned from Haleciidae Hincks, 1868 to Lovenellidae Russell, 1953. The genus Campalecium Torrey, 1902 can be considered valid only if the characters of a species with Halecium-like polyps and Eucheilota-like medusae are considered of generic significance. Instead, the species studied here is assigned to Eucheilota, as E. medusifera ? (Torrey, 1902) (comb. nov.), and Campalecium is considered a likely synonym of that genus. The medusa is different from Lovenella cirrata (Haeckel, 1879), type species of the genus Mitrocomium Haeckel, 1879, previously suggested to have been linked to the same hydroid in the Mediterranean. A supposed connection between medusae of L. cirrata and Halecium-like hydroids cannot be supported, and assigning these hydroids to Mitrocomium is rejected. Future studies may prove that Halecium-like hydroids release medusae of diverse genera within the family Lovenellidae.

scholarly journals Study of the Bioecology of Aleurolobus olivinus Silvestri (1911) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) on olive Trees in Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-299
Author(s):  
A. Fethi ◽  
B. Abdelmadjid ◽  
A. Abderrahim
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Olea Europea ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Phillyrea Angustifolia

Aleurolobus olivinus is an insect of the family Aleyrodidae and the subfamily Aleyrodinae, considered as a secondary pest of olive trees, Olea europea, and has also been reported on Phillyrea angustifolia, P. latifolia and on Erica spp. It consists of a bio-ecological study, in particular of the life cycle that has been carried out on the branches of trees covered with a fine mesh net to avoid possible exchanges of individuals, while for the ecological study, leaf samples have been taken according to cardinal directions and branches 50 cm long according to their age, on 4 varieties of olive tree. The black whitefly generates two generations, one from April to September and the other from October to March. The life cycle lasts 79 to 98 days. Larvae mainly prefer the upper surface of the foliage in the South and Estet are abundant in autumn and winter and the varieties Zaiti (33.3%) and Sorani (27.4%) are the most infested compared to Terella and Khodeiri (21.8%) and (17.4%). It is the twigs of the year that are most attacked. The parasitism rate varies according to the month and season, it is 17% in autumn and 7.6% in winter while the monthly rate is 6% in May and 21.5% in November.

Analysis of Ambiguous Loss and the Family Life Cycle

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Scudellari ◽  
Bethany A. Pecora-Sanefski ◽  
Andrew Muschel ◽  
Jane R. Piesman ◽  
Thomas P. Demaria
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Ambiguous Loss ◽  
Family Life Cycle ◽  
The Family
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