Leaf Anatomy of Australian Saltbushes in Relation to Photosynthetic Pathways

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Osmond
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Discrimination Ratio ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Kranz Anatomy ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathways

The leaf anatomy of 44 members of the genus Atriplex endemic to Australia was examined. With 1 exception all members of the genus showed the Kranz type of leaf anatomy typical of plants with the C4 photosynthetic pathway. Only A. australisica lacked Kranz anatomy and showed a C isotope discrimination ratio typical of plants with the C3 photosynthetic pathway.

Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). XVIII. Centropodia mossamedensis

Bothalia ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
R. P. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathway ◽  
The South ◽  
Kranz Anatomy ◽  
Fixed Material

The leaf blade anatomy of Centropodia mossamedensis (Rendle) T. A. Cope [=  Asthenatherum mossamedense (Rendle) Conert] is described and illustrated. This description is based on freshly fixed material and confirms that this species has Kranz anatomy with the C4 photosynthetic pathway. The anatomy differs little from that of C.  glauca and both undoubtedly belong to the same genus which is justifiably separated from the other danthonoid genera.

Leaf anatomy, gas exchange and photosynthetic enzyme activity in Flaveria kochiana

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika A. Sudderth ◽  
Riyadh M. Muhaidat ◽  
Athena D. McKown ◽  
Ferit Kocacinar ◽  
Rowan F. Sage
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Carbon Isotope Ratio ◽  
Compensation Point ◽  
Initial Slope ◽  
Kranz Anatomy ◽  
Pyruvate Orthophosphate Dikinase ◽  
Co2 Compensation Point ◽  
C4 Species ◽  
Flaveria Species

Flaveria (Asteraceae) is one of the few genera known to contain both C3 and C4 species, in addition to numerous biochemically-intermediate species. C3-C4 and C4-like intermediate photosynthesis have arisen more than once in different phylogenetic clades of Flaveria. Here, we characterise for the first time the photosynthetic pathway of the recently described species Flaveria kochiana B.L. Turner. We examined leaf anatomy, activity and localisation of key photosynthetic enzymes, and gas exchange characteristics and compared these trait values with those from related C4 and C4-like Flaveria species. F. kochiana has Kranz anatomy that is typical of other C4 Flaveria species. As in the other C4 lineages within the Flaveria genus, the primary decarboxylating enzyme is NADP-malic enzyme. Immunolocalisation of the major C4 cycle enzymes, PEP carboxylase and pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase, were restricted to the mesophyll, while Rubisco was largely localised to the bundle sheath. Gas exchange analysis demonstrated that F. kochiana operates a fully functional C4 pathway with little sensitivity to ambient oxygen levels. The CO2 compensation point (2.2 µbar) was typical for C4 species, and the O2-response of the CO2 compensation point was the same as the C4 species F. trinervia. Notably, F. vaginata (B.L. Robinson & Greenman), a putative C4-like species that is the nearest relative of F. kochiana, had an identical response of the CO2 compensation point to O2. Furthermore, F. vaginata, exhibited a carbon isotope ratio (–15.4‰) similar to C4 species including F. australasica Hooker, F. trinervia Spreng. C. Mohr and the newly characterised F. kochiana. F. vaginata could be considered a C4 species, but additional studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis. In addition, our results show that F. kochiana uses an efficient C4 cycle, with the highest initial slope of the A/Ci curve of any C4 Flaveria species.

Hydrogen isotope discrimination in higher plants: Correlations with photosynthetic pathway and environment

Planta ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ziegler ◽  
C. B. Osmond ◽  
W. Stichler ◽  
P. Trimborn
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Isotope Discrimination

scholarly journals The photosynthetic pathways of plant species surveyed in Australia’s national terrestrial monitoring network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Munroe ◽  
Francesca A McInerney ◽  
Jake Andrae ◽  
Nina Welti ◽  
Greg Guerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathways

The photosynthetic pathway of plants is a fundamental trait that influences terrestrial environments from the local to global level. The abundance of different photosynthetic pathways in Australia is expected to undergo a substantial shift due to climate change and rising atmospheric CO2; however, tracking change is hindered by a lack of data on the pathways of species, as well as their distribution and relative cover within plant communities. Here we present the photosynthetic pathways for 2428 species recorded across 541 plots surveyed by Australia’s Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) between 2011 and 2017. This dataset was created to facilitate research exploring trends in vegetation change across Australia. Species were assigned a photosynthetic pathway using published literature and stable carbon isotope analysis of bulk tissue. The photosynthetic pathway of species can be extracted from the dataset individually, or used in conjunction with vegetation surveys to study the occurrence and abundance of pathways across the continent. This dataset will be updated as TERN’s plot network expands and new information becomes available. This manuscript is currently in review with the journal "Scientific Data" and was submitted on 17/11/2020

scholarly journals LEAF ANATOMY CHARACTERIZATION OF FOUR Apochloa SPECIES: A C3 GENUS RELATED TO EVOLUTION OF C4 PATHWAY IN GRASSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ane Marcela das Chagas Mendonça ◽  
Pedro Lage Viana ◽  
João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Kranz Anatomy ◽  
C4 Pathway ◽  
Photosynthesis Pathway

Leaf anatomy characteristics provide important evidences about the transition between C3 and C4 pathways. The C4 photosynthesis pathway allowed to reduce the C3 photorespiratory rate, concentrating CO2 around the Rubisco site and using structures and machinery already presented in C3 plants. In monocots, it is observed a high number of C4 lineages, most of them phylogenetically related to C3 groups. The genus Apochloa (C3), subtribe Arthropogoninae, is related to two C4 genera Coleataenia and Cyphonanthus. The aim of this study was to evaluate four Apochloa species in order to establish anatomical characteristics related to the evolution of C4 pathway in this group. By means of transverse sections fully expanded leaves of A. euprepes, A. lorea, A. molinioides, and A. poliophylla were collected and the characteristics of the mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) cells were determined. These species showed a rustic Kranz anatomy with enlarged and radial arranged BS cells, which have few organelles organized in a centrifugal position. Although the modifications of BS cells are probably related to the maintenance of plant water status, we also discuss the evolution for the establishment of C4 photosynthesis in the related C4 genera.

Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). IX Asthenatherum glaucum

Bothalia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Annual Plants ◽  
Leaf Section ◽  
Abaxial Epidermis ◽  
Perennial Plants ◽  
Kranz Anatomy ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Africa

The leaf blade anatomy of Asthenatherum glaucum (Nees) Nevski was studied. Detailed descriptions of the leaf section and abaxial epidermis are given and illustrated by means of photomicrographs. The leaf anatomy of all specimens is undoubtedly Kranz with radiate chlorenchyma and specialized parenchyma bundle sheath chloroplasts. This observation is the most important justification for separating Asthenatherum from Danthonia, which has non-Kranz anatomy. Significant epidermal variation was observed, particularly in the form and occurrence of macro-hairs and prickles. These epidermal differences appear to correlate with geographical distribution and growth form of the plants and may be of infraspecific taxonomic significance. The epidermal variation is continuous, but three more or less distinct groups can be recognized: annual plants with unique macro-hairs with corrugated walls; annual or perennial plants without macro-hairs but with large straight prickles without swollen bases; and perennial plants without these large prickles. These groups appear to represent an intergrading cline along an increasing moisture gradient eastwards from the Namib Desert in South West Africa/Namibia.

scholarly journals Leaf anatomy and carbon isotope composition in Coffea species related to photosynthetic pathway

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Carvalho Carelli ◽  
Rachel Benetti Queiroz-Voltan ◽  
Joel Irineu Fahl ◽  
Paulo César Ocheuze Trivelin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Carbon Isotope Composition ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cells ◽  
Parenchyma Cells

Possible presence of vascular bundle sheath cells and its relation to photosynthetic pathway, leaf anatomy and carbon isotope composition (delta13C) were examined in six species of genus Coffea: C. arabica (cvs. Catuaí Vermelho, Mundo Novo, Bourbon Vermelho and Icatu Amarelo), C. canephora (cvs. Apoatã and Guarini), C. liberica, C. dewevrei, C. salvatrix and C. stenophylla. In all genotypes, the vascular bundle was surrounded by a layer of cells with numerous chloroplasts in a centrifugal position. Visually no differences could be seen between the spongy parenchyma cells and the bundle sheath cells, neither in size nor in chloroplast number. The leaf delta13C values ranged between a maximum of - 26.2 ‰ in C. salvatrix and a minimum of -29.7 ‰ in C. liberica. A strong correlation (r = 0.972, p = 0.001) between delta13C and anatomical characteristics was observed in coffee species. C. salvatrix exhibited the highest delta13C values and the most compact mesophyll, with more palisade and spongy parenchyma cells in contact with the vascular bundle sheath.

Grass Genera of the World: 728 Detailed Descriptions From an Automated Database

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Watson ◽  
MJ Dallwitz ◽  
CR Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathways ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Automated Database

Three microfiches are presented, carrying detailed descriptions of 728 grass genera, produced from an automated database. The descriptions incorporate compiled data and original observations on over 300 morphological and anatomical characters, including copious original observations on leaf anatomy and features indicative of photosynthetic pathways and C4 types. A classification to subfamily and supertribal levels is appended to the generic descriptions. The organization, availability and potential applications of the computerized database are described.

scholarly journals The photosynthetic pathways of plant species surveyed in Australia’s national terrestrial monitoring network

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha E. M. Munroe ◽  
Francesca A. McInerney ◽  
Jake Andrae ◽  
Nina Welti ◽  
Greg R. Guerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Photosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Terrestrial Environments

AbstractThe photosynthetic pathway of plants is a fundamental trait that influences terrestrial environments from the local to global level. The distribution of different photosynthetic pathways in Australia is expected to undergo a substantial shift due to climate change and rising atmospheric CO2; however, tracking change is hindered by a lack of data on the pathways of species, as well as their distribution and relative cover within plant communities. Here we present the photosynthetic pathways for 2428 species recorded across 541 plots surveyed by Australia’s Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) between 2011 and 2017. This dataset was created to facilitate research exploring trends in vegetation change across Australia. Species were assigned a photosynthetic pathway using published literature and stable carbon isotope analysis of bulk tissue. The photosynthetic pathway of species can be extracted from the dataset individually, or used in conjunction with vegetation surveys to study the occurrence and abundance of pathways across the continent. This dataset will be updated as TERN’s plot network expands and new information becomes available.

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