Chara braunii (Charales, Charophyta) in an Arid Rainfed Waterbody, Saudi Arabia

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Hussain ◽  
T. M. Khoja
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Concentration Of Ions ◽  
Temporal Succession ◽  
Vegetation Water

An account is given of a typical rainfed waterbody in the Al-Ammariyah Wadi (Saudi Arabia), with special reference to charophyte vegetation, water chemistry and topography of the area, which was studied from April 1996 to July 1997. Recurring patterns following rainfall and inundation of the waterbody are described as a model of temporal succession of biotic communities. Unispecific Chara braunii Gm. meadows were the first aquatic vegetation to emerge and overwhelmingly dominated the freshwater lentic ecosystem. This was followed by plankton and desert plants as the waterbody dried out. Chara braunii is reported as a new record for the Saudi Arabian charoflora. The species is characterised as stenohaline and tends to grow in vivo and in vitro in the salinity range of 0.2–0.8‰. A gradual increase in elements and ions (Si 20–31 mg L–1 and pH 6.8–7.6) in the water was demonstrated as the waterbody desiccated. As a result of the increasing concentration of ions and pH, C. braunii developed heavy encrustation, and hastened fructification prior to desiccation of the waterbody between June and July 1997. Survival and emergence of C. braunii is positively correlated with drought resistant-oospores, specificity to hyposalinity, water-level fluctuations, and absence of herbivores.

scholarly journals An Efficient and Easy Micro-propagation of Reseda Lutea (Resedaceae) a Rare and Medicinally Valuable Plant of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
FAHAD AL-QURAINY ◽  
SALEH ALANSI ◽  
SALIM KHAN ◽  
MOHAMMAD NADEEM ◽  
AREF AL-SHAMERI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Complete Procedure

Abstract The goal of this work was to look at the propagation of Reseda lutea L. by organogenesis in tissue culture. Explants from in vitro grown seedlings were taken from the axillary bud. After seven days of culture on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BA, the adventitious buds developed. After three weeks of culturing on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BA, the maximum multiplication of shoots (16.12 shoots/explant) was discovered, with an average (7.37 cm) shoots/explant. These shoots were sub-cultured on MS media with varying concentrations of NAA and IBA for root initiation. The MS medium combined with IBA produced the greatest percentage of root development (92%) and the greatest number of roots (7.37 roots/plant). In MS media supplemented with 0.5 NAA, the longest roots (3.08 cm) were found. After 17 days in a glasshouse, the plantlets were acclimatized in pots containing Peat moss and pearlite, 98 percent of the plantlets were acclimatized. To get a plant in a pot, the complete procedure took about 75 days. The technique proposed could aid in the preservation of the plant both in vivo and in vitro.

scholarly journals How suitable are man-made water bodies as habitats for Odonata?

2020 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Vilenica ◽  
Ivana Pozojević ◽  
Natalija Vučković ◽  
Zlatko Mihaljević
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Habitat Modification ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Vegetation Water

Many studies have reported a negative impact of freshwater habitat modification on biota. Nevertheless, some man-made water bodies have proven to be valuable for biodiversity conservation as they can harbour many species. We investigated 36 man-made water bodies to determine their suitability as habitats for Odonata. Larvae were sampled in littoral, during the summer months of 2016 and 2017. At each sampling site, ten samples were collected using a benthos hand net. A total of 21 Odonata species was recorded. Odonata assemblages mainly consisted of common widespread species. Yet, at Vlačine Reservoir, located in the Dinaric Western Balkan ecoregion, we also recorded a rare and endangered Mediterranean species, Lindenia tetraphylla (Vander Linden, 1825). Aquatic and riparian vegetation, water level fluctuations and dissolved oxygen concentration had the highest influence on Odonata, showing that man-made water bodies with a well-developed riparian zone and aquatic vegetation, and with low daily and seasonal water level fluctuations, can provide suitable habitats for diverse Odonata species. Odonata are among the sensitive freshwater insects widely used as ecological indicators and umbrella species, therefore these results about their assemblages in heavily modified and man-made habitats could contribute to future conservation activities of freshwater biota and habitats.

In vitro and in vivo isolation ofLeishmania tropica from Saudi Arabia

1985 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Mahmoud ◽  
A. Al-Tuwaijri ◽  
I. Al-Mofleh ◽  
S. A. Al-Khuwaitir
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia

In vitro and in vivo study of cucurbitacins-type triterpene glucoside from Citrullus colocynthis growing in Saudi Arabia against hepatocellular carcinoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seif-Eldin N. Ayyad ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Lateff ◽  
Walied M. Alarif ◽  
Francesca R. Patacchioli ◽  
Farid A. Badria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo isolation ofLeishmania tropica from Saudi Arabia

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
A. A. Mahmoud ◽  
A. Al-Tuwaijri ◽  
I. Al-Mofleh ◽  
S. A. Al-Khuwaitir
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia

TOXICITY AND METABOLIC EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUSLY ADMINISTERED 3-NITROPROPANOL IN CATTLE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MAJAK ◽  
R. E. McDIARMID ◽  
T. UDENBERG ◽  
H. DOUWES
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Plasma Nitrite ◽  
Rates Of Decay

In vitro and in vivo metabolic studies were conducted with bovine blood to determine decay rates for 3-nitropropanol (NPOH), a toxic forage constituent occurring in many Astragalus species. Methemoglobin (metHb) and plasma nitrite [Formula: see text] levels were concomitantly determined and early signs of poisoning were recorded. Subtle increases in heart and respiration rates, development of a placid, stupefied state, frothy salivation and incoordination characterized early stages of intoxication. Animals with low decay rates for NPOH showed a gradual increase in the metHb and [Formula: see text]. When the decay rate was high, a rapid increase in netHb and [Formula: see text] was observed. Acutely poisoned animals showed the highest levels of metHb and [Formula: see text] but intermediate rates of decay for NPOH. When NPOH was incubated with bovine blood in vitro, [Formula: see text] was not detected and metHb was not significantly altered, indicating that NPOH is not metabolized in bovine blood. A new method is described for determining NPOH in bovine blood.

Partial recovery of neutrophil functions during prolonged hypothermia in pigs

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1186-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Biggar ◽  
C. Barker ◽  
D. Bohn ◽  
G. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Endotoxin Administration ◽  
Inflammatory Site ◽  
And Migration

The changes in circulation and migration of mature and immature neutrophils during 12 h of hypothermia have been studied using an experimental pig model. At 29 degrees C the number of circulating neutrophils fell from 5 +/- 1.1 at 37 degrees C to 3.5 +/- 0.6 X 10(9)/l and then remained unchanged while hypothermia was maintained. The number of circulating immature neutrophils did not fall during hypothermia. During hypothermia, hydrocortisone failed to stimulate the release of mature and immature neutrophils from the bone marrow. In contrast, endotoxin caused a profound neutropenia followed by a gradual increase in the number of circulating mature neutrophils, which by 6 h, was similar to the number circulating before endotoxin administration. At 29 degrees C the number of circulating immature neutrophils also fell following endotoxin but then increased over the number circulating before endotoxin administration by approximately 10-fold. Compared with neutrophil migration at 37 degrees C, very few mature or immature neutrophils migrated to an inflammatory site during the 12 h of hypothermia (29 degrees C). Unlike hypothermia in vitro, where neutrophil function may improve with time in vivo, neutrophil function remains compromised.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

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