scholarly journals Comparing the impacts of different types of recreational trails on grey box grassy-woodland vegetation: lessons for conservation and management

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Ballantyne ◽  
Donna Louise Treby ◽  
Joseph Quarmby ◽  
Catherine Marina Pickering
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Exotic Grasses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Vegetation Parameters ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Vegetation Loss ◽  
Recreational Trails

Tourism and recreation are popular in natural areas but can damage plant communities, including those of high conservation value in protected areas. This includes impacts from recreational trails, but what type of trail has the most impact and why? We compared the impacts of five different trails (narrow, intermediate and wide bare earth trails, intermediate gravel trails and wide tarmac trails) on the endangered grey box grassy-woodland (Eucalyptus microcarpa (Maiden) Maiden) in Belair National Park near Adelaide in South Australia. First, the extent, width and area of recreational trails in the remnant woodland were mapped. Then, vegetation parameters were recorded in quadrats at three distances from the edge of trails in the woodland, with 10 replicate sites per trail type and single quadrats at 10 control sites (i.e. total 60 sites, 160 quadrats). All trails resulted in vegetation loss on the trail surface and along the edges of the trails, as well as changes in vegetation composition, including reductions in shrubs and bulbs close to the trail. The most common types of trail were bare earth trails with an average width of 2.5 m (50% of trails) which resulted in the greatest soil loss (>88 000 m3) and vegetation loss (33 899 m2 or 3.4 ha) in the 167 ha woodland remnant overall. Wider (5.4 m) hardened tarmac trails, however, were associated with low species richness, high cover of exotic grasses and few herbs, shrubs and bulbs compared with vegetation away from trails and closer to other trails. Therefore a mixed approach to the provision of trails may be most appropriate, with hardened trails used in areas of highest use, but in some circumstances leaving trails unhardened may be more appropriate where they are likely to remain narrow and where there is less likely to be erosion and/or safety issues.

Delineation of conservation units in an endangered marsupial, the southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus), in South Australia/western Victoria, Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Li ◽  
Melanie L. Lancaster ◽  
Susan M. Carthew ◽  
Jasmin G. Packer ◽  
Steven J. B. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Evolutionarily Significant Units ◽  
Population Analyses ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

Conservation programs for threatened species are greatly benefiting from genetic data, for their power in providing knowledge of dispersal/gene flow across fragmented landscapes and for identifying populations of high conservation value. The endangered southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus) has a disjunct distribution range in South Australia, raising the possibility that populations of the subspecies may represent distinct conservation units. In the current study, we used a combination of 14 microsatellite and two mitochondrial sequence markers to investigate the phylogeography and population structure of I. o. obesulus in South Australia and south-western Victoria, with the aim of identifying any potential evolutionarily significant units and management units relevant to conservation management. Our phylogenetic/population analyses supported the presence of two distinct evolutionary lineages of I. o. obesulus. The first lineage comprised individuals from the Mount Lofty Ranges, Fleurieu Peninsula and Kangaroo Island. A second lineage comprised individuals from the south-east of South Australia and south-western Victoria. We propose that these two lineages represent distinct evolutionarily significant units and should be managed separately for conservation purposes. The findings also raise significant issues for the national conservation status of I. o. obesulus and suggest that the current subspecies classification needs further investigation.

Media's Influence on LGBTQ Support Across Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Stephen Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Queer Representation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPolitical leaders across Africa frequently accuse the media of promoting homosexuality, while activists often use the media to promote pro-LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer) narratives. Despite extensive research on how the media affects public opinion, including studies that show how exposure to certain information can increase support of LGBTQs, there is virtually no research on how the media influences attitudes towards LGBTQs across Africa. This study develops a theory that accounts for actors' mixed approach to the media and shows how different types of media create distinct effects on public opinion of LGBTQs. Specifically, the study finds that radio and television have no, or a negative, significant effect on pro-gay attitudes, whereas individuals who consume more newspapers, internet or social media are significantly more likely to support LGBTQs (by approximately 2 to 4 per cent). The author argues that these differential effects are conditional on censorship of queer representation from certain mediums. The analysis confirms that the results are not driven by selection effects, and that the relationship is unique to LGBTQ support but not other social attitudes. The results have important implications, especially given the growing politicization of same-sex relations and changing media consumption habits across Africa.

scholarly journals Simulations for Mechanical Ventilation in Children: Review and Future Prospects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Flechelles ◽  
Annie Ho ◽  
Patrice Hernert ◽  
Guillaume Emeriaud ◽  
Nesrine Zaglam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Duration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ventilator Performance ◽  
Ventilatory Management

Mechanical ventilation is a very effective therapy, but with many complications. Simulators are used in many fields, including medicine, to enhance safety issues. In the intensive care unit, they are used for teaching cardiorespiratory physiology and ventilation, for testing ventilator performance, for forecasting the effect of ventilatory support, and to determine optimal ventilatory management. They are also used in research and development of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) and explicit computerized protocols in closed loop. For all those reasons, cardiorespiratory simulators are one of the tools that help to decrease mechanical ventilation duration and complications. This paper describes the different types of simulators described in the literature for physiologic simulation and modeling of the respiratory system, including a new simulator (SimulResp), and proposes a validation process for these simulators.

scholarly journals Preferences of people with disabilities on wheelchairs in relation to forest trails for recreational in selected European countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Emilia Janeczko ◽  
Mariana Jakubisová ◽  
Małgorzata Woźnicka ◽  
Jitka Fialova ◽  
Pavla Kotásková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Optimal Length ◽  
Forest Roads ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recreational Trails

Abstract The article presents the results of the survey on the preferences of disabled people in wheelchairs for selected features recreational trails in the woods. The study was conducted in 2015, including a sample of 130 people older than 18 years, in Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia (52 interviews in Poland, 21 in the Czech Republic and 57 in Slovakia). Respondents were interviewed both at the premises of the organisation as well as by email. The questions in the survey were designed to determine the preferences of the respondents in terms of recreational trails in the forests concerned: the optimal length of the route, recreational and educational points along the distribution routes of and usability of different types of forest roads. The results show that there is quite a lot of differences between the preferences of respondents from each of the analysed countries. Respondents from the Poland and Slovakia prefer shorter routes for recreation in forests, with a greater incidence of recreational and educational points along the route, whilst respondents in the Czech Republic prefer far longer routes, with a relatively larger distance between recreational points. In all the analysed countries, people with disabilities attributed highest usefulness to asphalt surfaces, concrete surfaces or surfaces made of cobblestones. The surface evaluated lowest for usability was made of wood.

scholarly journals Virtual learning object and environment: a concept analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira Salvador ◽  
Manacés dos Santos Bezerril ◽  
Camila Maria Santos Mariz ◽  
Maria Isabel Domingues Fernandes ◽  
José Carlos Amado Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Learning Object ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Education Personnel ◽  
Mixed Approach

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the concept of virtual learning object and environment according to Rodgers' evolutionary perspective. Method: Descriptive study with a mixed approach, based on the stages proposed by Rodgers in his concept analysis method. Data collection occurred in August 2015 with the search of dissertations and theses in the Bank of Theses of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. Quantitative data were analyzed based on simple descriptive statistics and the concepts through lexicographic analysis with support of the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: The sample was made up of 161 studies. The concept of "virtual learning environment" was presented in 99 (61.5%) studies, whereas the concept of "virtual learning object" was presented in only 15 (9.3%) studies. Conclusion: A virtual learning environment includes several and different types of virtual learning objects in a common pedagogical context.

scholarly journals The discourse of Kurdish traditional textiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (06) ◽  
pp. 623-631
Author(s):  
KAWA ABDULKAREEM SHERWANI
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Symbols ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

Verbal communication is not the only way by which people can interact; people communicate with each other through different signs, colours, cultural symbols and costumes. One of the ways that people can communicate through is clothes or textiles. The language of textiles and its covert discourse have not been studied profoundly. Each bit of textile has its specific meaning. Through the discourse of their clothes, people try to show their nationality, age, gender, social status, geographical belonging etc. Kurdish traditional clothes are believed to be culturally rich, since they are dressed by a large number of people in the past and present. This study is an attempt to examine the relationship between discourse and clothes. It tries to study the hidden discourse of Kurdish traditional textiles. The study seeks to answer several questions, including: What do the clothes say about the people who wear them? How different types of clothes show different forms of people’s identity? How do clothes reveal the people’s nationality, age, gender, geographical territory and social class? The principles of discourse analysis, more specifically Foucault’s approach of material discourses, are used to investigate the collected data. The study uses a mixed approach of quantitative and qualitative methods. The data are collected in three ways: by analysing the photo albums, a survey and a site visit to Kurdish Textile Museum in Erbil. The study concludes that the pieces of textiles can be seen as linguistic elements in communications and Kurdish traditional clothes embraces specific cultural codes and symbols that can be used to reveal the discourses they embrace.

scholarly journals Safe at work? Employee experiences of workplace health and safety

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie-Anne Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Health And Safety Risks ◽  
Health And Safety Issues

Health and safety is an important issue for New Zealand workers. It is accepted that some types of work have more inherent health and safety risks than others; however it is important that employees experiences of different types of health and safety issues, as well as their perceptions of how well their employers manage risks, are looked at in greater depth.The Survey of Working Life (2012) asked employed people how often, in the previous 12 months, they had experienced:· physical problems or pain because of work· stress from being at work, or the work itself stressful· tiredness from work that affected life outside of work· discrimination, harassment or bullying at work.This paper aims to look what role – if any - age, sex, industry, occupation, and employment relationship played in the results. Using the same breakdowns, employee’s perceptions of health and safety risk management, and whether they felt they had reasonable opportunities to contribute to improving health and safety in their workplace will also be explored in further detail.

scholarly journals Online content responsiveness strategies in the hospitality context: exploratory insights and a research agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vincenza Ciasullo ◽  
Raffaella Montera ◽  
Rocco Palumbo
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Online Content ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Excellence ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Mixed Approach

PurposeThe article investigates different types of strategies for managing user-generated content (UGC) and provides some insights into their implications.Design/methodology/approachA unique sample of Italian hotels with current and prospective customers in the digital environment is investigated. A taxonomy of user-provider interactions mediated by UGC is developed. A mixed approach was designed to meet the study aims. Firstly, an exploratory factor analysis was performed in order to illuminate different strategies of UGC and electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM) management. Secondly, a cluster analysis was implemented in order to explain hoteliers' behavior toward users' contents.FindingsThe study results suggested the existence of three clusters, which reflected three different types of interactions between hotels and customers in the digital domain. Interestingly, most of Italian hotels were found to adopt a reductionist approach to UGC and E-WOM management, turning out to be ineffective to exploit them for the purpose of quality improvement and hospitality service excellence.Research limitations/implicationsHotels were found to be largely unaware of the importance of UGC and web-based communication with customers to improve their digital business strategy. Tailored management approaches are needed to realize the full potential of hotels' online content responsiveness for the purpose of value co-creation and service co-production.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies investigating the strategic and management perspectives embraced by hotels to handle their interactions with customers in the digital arena.

Insights into movement behaviour of snapper (Chrysophrys auratus, Sparidae) from a large acoustic array

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Fowler ◽  
C. Huveneers ◽  
M. T. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Telemetry ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Systematic Behaviour ◽  
Acoustic Array ◽  
Region Scale ◽  
Fishery Species

Snapper is a significant fishery species in Australasia whose movement behaviour remains poorly understood. This was addressed in the present study at the within-region scale using acoustic telemetry in the Gulf St Vincent, South Australia. Over 3 years from May 2011, 54 snapper were monitored throughout ~160km2 using 41 acoustic receivers. The dispersion of >500000 detections varied in space and time, reflecting three types of space use, dependent on different types of movement behaviour. One station, near a large shipwreck, accounted for 67.8% of all detections, particularly during winter, when fish were sedentary and site attached. In spring, the fish dispersed throughout the study area to different habitats and, through summer, occupied different larger restricted areas than used in winter. Snapper were highly mobile and demonstrated systematic behaviour at several temporal scales. They moved linear distances of up to ~100km and could achieve tens of kilometres in a day in episodic movements. Through the year, their activity was distributed across areas of hundreds of square kilometres. The regional spatial management regimen was assessed against this enhanced understanding of movement behaviour. A new marine park sanctuary zone that encompassed the shipwreck was appropriately located, but possible benefits of a nearby spatial spawning closure area appear limited.

scholarly journals Herbicidal control of bridal creeper (Asparagus asparagoides) in an ecologically sensitive environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Manfred Jusaitis
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Herbicide Concentration ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Environmental Weed

Asparagus asparagoides (bridal creeper) is a highly invasive noxious environmental weed in southern Australia. It poses a severe threat to biodiversity and conservation in temperate natural ecosystems. Pterostylis arenicola, a threatened terrestrial orchid endemic to South Australia, is directly imperilled by this weed in most of its remnant populations. The coincident growth phenologies of orchid and weed make for an ecologically sensitive environment when considering methods of weed control or eradication. To minimise impact on the orchid and its ecosystem, this paper examines the efficacy of herbicide application for A. asparagoides control using the weed wiping technique, comparing it to the conventional spray application method. The most prolonged control of A. asparagoides was achieved after a single wipe-application of 1.5 g a.i. (active ingredient) L−1 metsulfuron methyl, either alone or in combination with 120 g a.i. L−1 glyphosate, both treatments giving significantly better weed control five years after treatment than comparable spray applications. An investigation of the effect of glyphosate on cultures of the mycorrhizal fungus isolated from P. arenicola indicated a significant decline in mycelial growth with increasing herbicide concentration over the range 0.5–3.0 kg a.i. ha−1. These results provide further incentive for the use of ecologically sensitive herbicide application techniques, such as weed wiping, in areas of high conservation concern.

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