Pollen treatment for mutation induction in Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus (Myrtaceae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. McManus ◽  
J. Sasse ◽  
C. K. Blomstedt ◽  
G. Bossinger
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Fruit Abortion ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Short Time

Mutation induction has played an integral role in the improvement of most commercially important crop species but has not been successfully applied to tree species because of their long reproductive cycles which hinder the use of the traditional seed-treatment approaches. Treatment of pollen with a chemical mutagen prior to pollination will, theoretically, allow stable, heterozygous mutant trees to be produced in a relatively short time and might facilitate mutagenesis of tree species. As the first step in testing this hypothesis, a controlled-pollination trial with chemically treated pollen was conducted in Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus (Labill.). Assessment of fruit, seed and seedlings from more than 500 pollinations associated mutagenic treatment of pollen with a significant reduction in seed set. Non-significant increases in capsule (fruit) abortion, the inhibition of seed germination and the incidence of aberration in seedlings were also noted. We argue that pollen treatment may be a useful means of producing Eucalyptus mutants with variation in flowering time, salinity and frost tolerance, lignification and other traits of scientific and economic importance.

Modelling bark volume for six commercially important tree species in France: assessment of models and application at regional scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe Bauer ◽  
Antoine Billard ◽  
Frédéric Mothe ◽  
Fleur Longuetaud ◽  
Mojtaba Houballah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Commercially Important

scholarly journals Seasonal and intraspecific variation of frost tolerance in leaves of three Canarian laurel forest tree species

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Águeda Mª González-Rodríguez ◽  
Mª Soledad Jiménez ◽  
Domingo Morales
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Laurel Forest ◽  
Forest Tree Species

scholarly journals Nursery fertilisation affects the frost-tolerance and plant quality of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. cuttings

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Fernández ◽  
Celia Marcos ◽  
Raúl Tapias ◽  
Federico Ruiz ◽  
Gustavo López
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Plant Quality

Biology of two commercially important carcharhinid sharks from northern Australia

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Stevens ◽  
PD Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Mature Fish ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Size At Birth ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Sharks represent 78% of the total catch by weight of a Taiwanese surface gill-net fishery off northern Australia. Two carcharhinids, Carcharhrnus tilstoni (previously described as C. limbatus) and C. sorrah, together comprise 83% of this shark catch by number. C. tilstoni is distinguished from C. limbatus by differences in enzyme systems, vertebral counts, size data and pelvic fin coloration. Of the specimens of C. tilstoni and C. sorrah caught in the Arafura and Timor Seas from 1981 to 1983, 43% and 47%, respectively, were female; at birth these proportions were 46% and 50%, respectively. In both species, females tended to be relatively more abundant in catches of mature fish, except around March, when males predominated. In northern Australia, the usual size at maturity for C. tilstoni is 110 cm for males and 115 cm for females; for C. sorrah, it is 90 cm and 95 cm, respectively. Both species exhibit placental viviparity and have almost identical restricted reproductive cycles. Mating occurs in February-March, ovulation in March-April and the main parturition period is in January. The gestation period is 10 months and individual fish breed each year. The average litter size for both species is three. The size at birth is about 60 cm for C. tilstoni and 50 cm for C. sorrah. Stomach contents indicate that teleost fish are an important component of the diet of both species and there is some indication of a change in feeding depth with shark size.

Pollination services provided by various size classes of flower visitors to Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus (Myrtaceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Hingston ◽  
B. M. Potts ◽  
P. B. McQuillan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Limitation ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Introduced Honeybee ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Almost All

Flowers of the commercially important tree Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ssp. globulus were visited by a wide variety of insects and birds within its natural distribution. Flowers were visited so frequently that most available nectar was consumed, but seed production within 5 m of the ground was consistently far less than the maximum possible, indicating the presence of large numbers of inefficient pollinators and few efficient pollinators. Pollen limitation was more severe on fully self-incompatible trees than on partially self-compatible trees, demonstrating that pollinator inefficiency resulted from infrequent outcrossing rather than inability to deposit pollen on stigmas. The flower visitors that were responsible for almost all nectar consumption from flowers within 5 m of the ground were insects that were able to permeate cages with 5-mm apertures but not cages with 1-mm apertures, the most abundant of which was the introduced honeybee Apis mellifera L. These insects contributed less than 20% of the maximum possible seed set, indicating that they were inefficient pollinators. Birds and smaller insects made lesser contributions to seed production, but consumed little nectar within 5 m of the ground. However, anthophilous birds appeared to mostly forage higher in the trees and probably consumed more nectar from, and provided more pollination services to, flowers higher in the trees.

Effect of tree species mixing on stand structural complexity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Juchheim ◽  
Martin Ehbrecht ◽  
Peter Schall ◽  
Christian Ammer ◽  
Dominik Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
Broadleaved Tree Species ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The proportion of mixed-species forests is presently increasing since they are commonly seen as providing a higher level of many ecosystem goods and services than monospecific stands. This may be due to a more complex three-dimensional distribution pattern of plant elements, which has often been noted, but to date rarely been quantified. In the present study, we used terrestrial laser scanning data to analyze the relationship between tree species mixing and stand structural complexity in three regions of Germany. We examined 60 forest plots representing commercially important and typical species combinations for Central Europe. The results showed an increasing but saturating relationship between stand structural complexity and tree species diversity. Moreover, we found that as the proportion of broadleaved trees increased, the stand structural complexity of coniferous stands also increased. Our study provides evidence that the conversion of monospecific conifer stands into mixed forests with broadleaved tree species as well as mixing tree species with interspecific differences in physiological and morphological traits can promote the development of structurally more complex stand structures.

scholarly journals Accumulating crop functional trait data with citizen science

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marney E. Isaac ◽  
Adam R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Plant Trait ◽  
Commercially Important

Abstract Trait-based ecology is greatly informed by large datasets for the analyses of inter- and intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in plants. This is especially true in trait-based agricultural research where crop ITV is high, yet crop trait data remains limited. Based on farmer-led collections, we developed and evaluated the first citizen science plant trait initiative. Here we generated a dataset of eight leaf traits for a commercially important crop species (Daucus carota), sampled from two distinct regions in Canada, which is 25-fold larger than datasets available in existing trait databases. Citizen-collected trait data supported analyses addressing theoretical and applied questions related to (i) intraspecific trait dimensionality, (ii) the extent and drivers of ITV, and (iii) the sampling intensity needed to derive accurate trait values. Citizen science is a viable means to enhance functional trait data coverage across terrestrial ecosystems, and in doing so, can directly support theoretical and applied trait-based analyses of plants.

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