scholarly journals The Effect of Semi-Starvation on the Digestibility of Food in Young Adult Female Rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Williams ◽  
W Senior
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Second Period

The apparent digestibilities of organic matter, protein, lipid and carbohydrate of a laboratory chow were determined in young adult female rats fed ad libitum, after losing 40-50%body weight and prolonging the loss for up to 15 weeks, and while recovering the lost body weight during .. a second period of ad libitum food intake.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Composition and Efficiency of Food Utilization for Growth in Young Adult Female Rats Before, During and After a Period of Food Restriction

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Williams ◽  
W Senior
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Ad Libitum

Changes in body composition were studied in three groups of young adult female rats; the treatments were (1) ad libitum food intake to obtain normal growth, (2) restricted food intake to cause body weight loss, and (3) restricted followed by ad libitum food intake to obtain recovery of lost body weight.

Dissimilar Anxiety-like Behavior in Prepubertal and Young Adult Female Rats on Acute Exposure to Aluminium

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Sengupta ◽  
Sutirtha Ghosh ◽  
Archana Gaur T. ◽  
Prasunpriya Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Plus Maze

Background: Puberty is a developmental transition in which an estrogenic surge occurs, mediating the release of xenoestrogens, like aluminium. Aluminium’s effect on anxiety in rodents at the different developmental stages is inconsistent. Aims: This study aimed at investigating the effect of the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium on anxiety-like behavioral changes in prepubertal and young adult female rats. Objective: Considering this aim, our objective was to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior by the elevated plus maze in prepubertal and young adult female rats with or without acute exposure to aluminium. Methods: To address this property of aluminium, 5mg/Kg body weight (Al-5) and 10 mg/Kg body weight (Al-10) of aluminium was administered intraperitoneally to female rats at two developmental stages, prepubertal (PP; n = 8 for each dose) and young adult (YA; n = 6 for each dose) for two weeks. Post-treatment, three days behavioral assessment of the rats was done employing elevated plus maze. Results: Reduced escape latency was seen in Al-5, Al-10 pre-pubertal rats, and Al-5 young-adult rats on day 3. A significant reduction in open arm time was seen in the Al-5 young-adult rats. Aluminium treatment in the pre-pubertal rats reduced their head dipping and grooming. Reduced sniffing, head dipping, and stretch-attended posture in the treated young-adult female rats showed that they had impaired risk-taking tendency. Conclusion: Differential effect on the anxiety-like behavior in the pre-pubertal and young-adult female rats might be due to the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium, acting differently on the two age groups.

THE INFLUENCE OF SUCKLING ON FOOD INTAKE AND GROWTH OF ADULT FEMALE RATS

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MARY COTES ◽  
B. A. CROSS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Main Factor

SUMMARY Changes in body weight and food intake were studied for 14 days post partum in primiparous rats. The growth increments in suckled rats with galactophores cut to prevent milk withdrawal and in normally lactating rats were greater than in unsuckled controls. The growth increments in rats with galactophores cut were accompanied by parallel increases in food intake. Injection of 3 i.u. prolactin daily did not reproduce these changes in body weight and food intake in non-suckled rats. The results suggest that the main factor in the extra growth of lactating rats is an increased food intake in excess of the metabolic needs for milk secretion induced by the stimulus of suckling.

Abstract 245: Role Of Melanocortin-4-receptor In The Blood Pressure Regulation In Female Hyperandrogenemic Rats, A Model Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo O Maranon ◽  
Roberta Lima ◽  
Jussara M do Carmo ◽  
Alexander Da Silva ◽  
John E Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Ad Libitum

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are characterized by hyperandrogenemia, hirsutism, infertility, and enlarged cystic ovaries. Obesity and hypertension are also frequently found in women with PCOS, although the mechanisms responsible for the elevated blood pressure (BP) are unclear. Thus we tested the hypothesis that the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), known to contribute to obesity hypertension in males, contributes to the elevated BP in hyperandrogenemic female rats, a model of PCOS. Female Sprague Dawley rats (4 wks) were implanted with dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 7.5mg/90 days sc) or placebo pellets (PL) (n=5/grp) and aged to 12 wks. Body weight and food intake (whether rats were pair fed or had ad libitum access) were measured daily. Two wks following implantation of radiotelemetry transmitters and intracerebroventricular cannulae, baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured for 5 days; then rats received MC3/4R antagonist, SHU-9119 (SHU; 1 nmol/h ICV) or vehicle for 7 days and MAP was recorded. DHT-treated rats had higher body weight and MAP than PL rats (BW: PL: 266.0±8.7; DHT: 348.5±10.4 g, p<0.01; MAP: PL rats: 102±5; DHT: 114±5 mmHg, p<0.05). SHU significantly increased food intake and body weights in both placebo (PL) and DHT-treated rats fed ad libitum (PL: 379.2±28.5; DHT: 451/3±7.3 g, p<0.01 DHT vs PL; 0.01 SHU vs control), but had no effect on MAP compared to controls (PL: 104±5; HAF rats: 114±5 mmHg; p<0.05, HAF vs PL; p=NS, SHU vs controls). However, in other rats, when pair fed with little increase in body weight (PL: 253.7±2.0, SHU: 261.0±0.6, p<0.05; DHT: 306.7±2.6, SHU: 316.7±1.5 g, p<0.05), SHU decreased MAP in DHT treated rats but not placebo controls (PL rats: 102±1, SHU: 103±2 mmHg; p=NS; DHT rats: 110±1 vs. SHU: 97±1 mmHg; p<0.001). Thus MC4R antagonist reduces MAP in DHT-treated rats only when food intake and body weight are controlled. These data suggest that activation of MC4R contributes to elevated BP in our model of PCOS and may also contribute to the elevated BP in women with PCOS. Supported by NIH R01HL66072, P01HL05971 and AHA 14POST18640015.

scholarly journals The effect of malnutrition on the metabolic response to surgery

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Emery ◽  
Ali R. Bosagh Zadeh ◽  
Anna Wasylyk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Unoperated Control ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Ad Libitum

The effect of previous malnutrition on the metabolic response to surgical hysterectomy was investigated in adult female rats. Malnutrition was achieved by feeding a 20 g protein/kg diet and restricting food intake to 50 % of normal. This dietary regimen was maintained for 3 weeks before surgery and for 4 d after surgery. Unoperated control rats were pair-fed with the hysterectomized rats after surgery. Energy balance was measured by the comparative carcass technique and, in a second experiment, urinary N excretion was measured. Surgery caused energy expenditure to increase by 37 % in ad libitum-fed rats but in malnourished rats it increased by only 22 %. Urinary N excretion rose immediately after surgery. In the ad libitum-fed rats it was on average 85 % greater in hysterectomized rats than controls for the first 3 d after surgery, whereas in the restricted rats it was 74 % greater on the first day and not significantly elevated thereafter. Thus, malnutrition attenuated the metabolic response to surgery but did not abolish it completely.

scholarly journals Effects of Caecectomy in the Young Adult Female Rat on Digestibility of Food Offered Ad Libitum and in Restricted Amounts

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Ambuhl ◽  
VJ Williams ◽  
W Senior
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Mucosal Surface Area

Caecectomized and sham-operated rats were fed a laboratory chow ad libitum and the effects of caecectomy on the digestibility of the food were studied. Compared with sham-operated controls, caecectomized rats showed a decrease in apparent digestibility of organic matter from 77�8 to 73 �0%, of crude protein from 83�0 to 79�4%, and of 'carbohydrate' from 74�6 to 69�0%. However, faecal water content increased from 41�6 to 54�8 %. StCr-labelled EDTA was excreted faster in the faeces after caecectomy. The colon partly adapted to the loss of caecal mucosa by increased length and thus mucosal surface area.

scholarly journals Effect of early nutritional experience on the feeding behaviour of adult female rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 10 - 11) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Šefčíková ◽  
Š. Mozeš
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Ad Libitum

In the present paper the effect of postnatal undernutrition on feeding behaviour has been evaluated in mature female Wistar rats subjected to food restriction a) during the suckling period, i. e. up to day 15 (SR), b) during the weaning period from day 15 to 30 (WR), c) throughout 30 days post partum (SWR) and d) during adulthood, i.e. from day 60&ndash;75 of life (AR). In comparison with the ad libitum fed controls (C), the lactating mothers and the pups of the food-restricted groups were allowed free access to food for only two hours daily. In experimental groups this restriction was then changed to an ad libitum regime. On day 90 food intake was evalu-ated daily in five 20 min lasting sessions after 23 h of fasting in group-housed and single-housed rats exposed to their home as well as to their experimental environment. The significantly decreased body weight found on day 30 and 90 in females coming from litters of restrictedly fed mothers, as compared with those fed ad libitum, showed that these animals were considerably undernourished. Appetitive motivation increased in those groups of females that had been exposed to a restricted feeding regime during their infant period but remained unaffected in females restrictedly fed during their adult age. In comparison with the ad libitum fed controls and AR groups, significantly increased mean food intake was observed in all postnatally underfed groups (P &lt; 0.001). The greatest inclination to hyperphagia and qualitative changes in feeding behaviour were observed in SWR females whose feeding regime was restricted for the longest time, i. e. during the suckling and the weaning period, as compared to groups with shorter food restriction. These animals showed hyperphagia even in the new environment regardless whether the whole group or only one female was tested. Our results reveal a) a determinant influence of the feeding regime of the animals at early age (41%) while environmental and social factors represent only about 17% and 4%, respectively and that b) changes in feeding habits in adult female rats may significantly depend on the length of postnatal undernutrition.

Evidence for hepatic involvement in control of ad libitum food intake in rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. R106-R113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Friedman ◽  
P. E. Sawchenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Daily Feeding ◽  
Wheel Running Activity ◽  
Feeding Rhythms ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Hepatic Branch

Sectioning the hepatic branch of the anterior abdominal vagal trunk attenuated but did not abolish the normal nocturnal bias in the day-night distribution of food intake in female rats. Neither total daily food intake nor body weight was affected by hepatic vagotomy. This effect appeared to be specific to the hepatic branch of the nerve because sectioning the remaining (gastric and celiac) abdominal vagal branches did not influence daily feeding rhythms and appeared to be specific to feeding behavior, because the day-night rhythms of drinking behavior and wheel-running activity were not affected by hepatic vagotomy. In male rats, hepatic vagotomy also produced an increase in daytime food consumption but without commensurate reduction in nighttime eating. As a result, male rats with hepatic vagotomy displayed a modest chronic hyperphagia and body weight gain, which was associated primarily with increased linear growth. The effect of nerve section on daytime food intake was expressed quite rapidly. Daytime food intake increased within 8 h after hepatic vagotomy, which was produced at light onset by pulling on a previously implanted suture. Collectively, these results demonstrate that hepatic vagotomy changes daily feeding rhythms and suggest that the liver and perhaps its vagal innervation are involved in the control of ad libitum eating behavior.

ACCELERATION OF ANNUAL HIBERNATING CYCLE TO 6 WEEKS IN CAPTIVE DORMICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mrosovsky
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Glis Glis ◽  
Ad Libitum

Cycles of food intake and body weight lasting a few weeks occurred in dormice, Glis glis, kept in the laboratory in relatively constant conditions of temperature (about 25 °C) and photoperiod (about 12 hours light–dark schedule). These fluctuations appeared to be more marked in the winter months. Periods of reduced eating were associated with low body temperatures and lethargy. The frequent disturbance and arousal of the animals was probably an important factor in these short hibernating cycles. The influence of variation of the diet on body weight of dormice is described. Animals kept on ad libitum supplies of sunflower seed became obese and remained so for many months.

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