scholarly journals Apparent Effect of the n Gene of Sorghum on Incidence of Infection by a "Johnson Grass" Strain of Sugar-Cane Mosaic Virus

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
DS Teakle ◽  
RF Moore
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
New South ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Systemic Reaction ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Systemic Necrosis ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Johnson Grass

A "Jolmson grass" strain of sugar-cane mosaic virus commonly infects crops of sorghum in New South Wales and Queensland. Infected sorghum plants show one of two types of systemic reaction, either a systemic necrosis or a systemic mosaic. Type of reaction is controlled by a single dominant gene, the N gene. The N-genotypes condition the necrotic reaction, while nn conditions the mosaic reaction (Teakle et al. 1970).

Four strains of sugarcane mosaic virus infecting cereals and other grasses in Australia

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Teakle ◽  
NE Grylls
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Couch Grass ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Particle Length

Viruses of the sugar-cane mosaic virus (SCMV)-type were isolated from 23 naturally infected species of Gramineae in Queensland, New South Wales, or the Northern Territory. The virus isolates were placed in four groups or strains on the basis of host reactions. Each strain was named after an important perennial host, viz. (1) Johnson grass (Sorgltum halepense), (2) sugar-cane (Saccharum officinaruin), (3) sabi grass (Urochloa mosambicensis), and (4) Queensland blue couch grass (Digitaria didactyla). The strains could be distinguished on the basis of mosaic or necrotic reactions in Yates NK220Y and Atlas sorghums, on abi!ity to cause systemic infection of Johnson grass or sugar-cane, or local infection of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Bountiful). This ability of the sabi grass strain to infect a dicotyledonous host is previously unreported for any strain of SCMV . All four virus strains had a normal particle length of 736�17 nm, but the variability in particle length was greater for the sugar-cane and Queensland blue couch grass strains than for the other two. The Johnson grass strain was only distantly serologicaliy related to the sugar-cane, sabi grass, and Queensland blue couch strains, but the latter three were very closely related amongst themselves. Five aphid species, Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and R. padi mere shown to transmit at least one strain of SCMV. A. craccicora and R. maidis were each able to transit all four strains. The Johnson grass strain of SCMV is the major strain infecting maize and sorghum crops in Australia. It was probably the cause of the maize ringspot mottle disease first observed in 1948 and of the mosaic and necrotic diseases of Sorghum almum first observed in 1960. These early records and its distinctive host reactions and serological properties make it unlikely that it is z recent introduction to Australia.

Distribution of a Johnson grass strain of sugarcane mosaic virus in New South Wales and studies of the host range of the Johnson grass and sugarcane strains

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Penrose
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Mechanical Inoculation ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Virus Isolates

Sugarcane mosaic virus is widely distributed in New South Wales. It was isolated from 10 species of plants. Twenty-seven native and introduced grass species were susceptible to SCMV by mechanical inoculation. Seventeen new hosts of SCMV were recorded. Of 20 virus isolates from eight host species, only one—from sugarcane—failed to infect Johnson grass. The principal reservoir for sugarcane mosaic virus was Johnson grass.

Turnip mosaic virus: potential for crop losses in the grain belt of New South Wales, Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Schwinghamer ◽  
Mark A. Schilg ◽  
John A. Walsh ◽  
Rodney W. Bambach ◽  
Rosa M. Cossu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
South Wales

scholarly journals Introgression of a Tombusvirus Resistance Locus from Nicotiana edwardsonii var. Columbia to N. clevelandii

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Schoelz ◽  
B. Elizabeth Wiggins ◽  
William M. Wintermantel ◽  
Kathleen Ross
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Resistance Locus

A new variety of Nicotiana, N. edwardsonii var. Columbia, was evaluated for its capacity to serve as a new source for virus resistance genes. Columbia was developed from a hybridization between N. glutinosa and N. clevelandii, the same parents used for the formation of the original N. edwardsonii. However, in contrast to the original N. edwardsonii, crosses between Columbia and either of its parents are fertile. Thus, the inheritance of virus resistance genes present in N. glutinosa could be characterized by using Columbia as a bridge plant in crosses with the susceptible parent, N. clevelandii. To determine how virus resistance genes would segregate in interspecific crosses between Columbia and N. clevelandii, we followed the fate of the N gene, a single dominant gene that specifies resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Our genetic evidence indicated that the entire chromosome containing the N gene was introgressed into N. clevelandii to create an addition line, designated N. clevelandii line 19. Although line 19 was homozygous for resistance to TMV, it remained susceptible to Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) and Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) strain W260, indicating that resistance to these viruses must reside on other N. glutinosa chromosomes. We also developed a second addition line, N. clevelandii line 36, which was homozygous for resistance to TBSV. Line 36 was susceptible to TMV and CaMV strain W260, but was resistant to other tombusviruses, including Cucumber necrosis virus, Cymbidium ringspot virus, Lettuce necrotic stunt virus, and Carnation Italian ringspot virus.

The resistance of maize inbred lines to sugarcane mosaic virus in Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Persley ◽  
IF Martin ◽  
RS Greber
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus ◽  
Couch Grass ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Johnson Grass

Maize inbred lines, derived from both Australian and exotic sources, and used in a breeding programme at Kairi, Qld, were screened for resistance to a Johnson grass strain of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV-Jg). There was a good correlation between ratings made following manual inoculation in a glasshouse and those following exposure to natural field infection. Seven lines were highly resistant in both glasshouse and field ratings. A further nine lines showed an intermediate level of resistance following manual inoculation and developed from 0 to 7 % infection under field conditions when a susceptible line developed 99 % infection. Data obtained following the manual inoculation of plants in segregating generations of crosses between resistant KL 57 and susceptible KL 9 were consistent with resistance being controlled by a single dominant gene. Six lines (Pa 405, CI 44, Tx 601, Oh 07, Oh 7B, 38-11) that were used as sources of resistance to maize dwarf mosaic virus, strain A (MDMV-A) in the U.S.A. developed natural infection levels of less than 15% with SCMV-Jg. Only Pa 405 was highly resistant to manual inoculation. Four of 11 SCMV-Jg resistant lines were also highly resistant to manual inoculations with the sugarcane, Sabi grass and Queensland blue couch grass strains.

Bean common mosaic virus. [Distribution map].

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New South ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Virus Distribution ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bean common mosaic virus Stewart & Reddick. Hosts: Bean (Phaseolus spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Egypt, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rhodesia, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Zaire, ASIA, China (Kwangtung), India (New Delhi), Indonesia (Java), Iran, Israel, Japan, Lenbanon, Turkey, USSR (Republic of Georgia) AUSTRA ASIA & OCEANIA, Australia (New South Wales), Fiji, New Zealand, EUROPE, Britain, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR (Byelorussia), Yugoslavia, NORTH AMERICA, Bermuda, Canada (general), Mexico, USA (general), CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Vincent, Trinidad, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela.

Studies on alfalfa mosaic virus and alfalfa aphids

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Garran ◽  
A Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Preference Tests

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), the only sap-transmissible virus detected in a limited survey of lucerne crops in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, is more common and widespread now than 10 years ago. Twenty-four of 35 lucerne crops and test plots we sampled were infected; from 25 % to over 55 % of plants were infected in plots and crops at Ginninderra, A.C.T. Seven of 10 commercial lucerne seed lots (eight of them imported directly from the U.S.A.) contained seedborne AMV, which infected from 0.4 to 1.9% of seedlings. The three lucerne aphids, the bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi), pea aphid (A. pisum) and the spotted alfalfa aphid (Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata), all transmitted AMV in the non-persistent manner. Feeding-preference tests indicate that spotted alfalfa aphids prefer to feed on AMV-infected Siriver lucerne than on healthy Siriver, but they do not discriminate between healthy and AMV-infected Hunter River lucerne. The implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Winter Cereal Viruses in New South Wales, Australia, 2006 to 2014

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Milgate ◽  
Dante Adorada ◽  
Grant Chambers ◽  
Mary Ann Terras
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Winter cereal viruses can cause significant crop losses; however, detailed knowledge of their occurrence in New South Wales, Australia is very limited. This paper reports on the occurrence of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV), and their serotypes between 2006 and 2014. Detection of WMoV is confirmed in eastern Australia for the first time. The BYDV and CYDV 2014 epidemic is examined in detail using 139 samples of wheat, barley, and oat surveyed from southern New South Wales. The presence of virus was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The results reveal a high frequency of the serotype Barley yellow dwarf virus - MAV as a single infection present in 27% of samples relative to Barley yellow dwarf virus - PAV in 19% and CYDV in 14%. Clear differences emerged in the infection of different winter cereal species by serotypes of BYDV and CYDV. These results are contrasted to other Australian and international studies.

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