scholarly journals Hydrolysis of Plant Mannans by Rumen Protozoal Enzvmes

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Bailey ◽  
Blanche DE Gaillard
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Polysaccharide Fraction ◽  
Minor Constituents ◽  
Rumen Microflora ◽  
Pasture Plant ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Pasture Legume

Mannans or heteromannans (gluco-or galactoglucomannans) are commonly considered to be present in plants only in wood or associated with seeds. The present authors (Gaillard and Bailey 1968) have, however, recently isolated from the leaves and stems of red clover (Trifolium pratense) a polysaccharide fraction giving on hydrolysis galactose, glucose, mannose, and xylose (approximate ratios 1: 4�0: 2�0: 1�3), and which may, therefore, contain a mannan or heteromannan. This polysaccharide is designated "clover mannan" in the present work. Although apparently absent from grasses, such mannans may be common as minor constituents of pasture legume leaves and stems; for example, 1-2% of polymer mannose was reported present in lucerne (Hirst, MacKenzie, and Wylam 1959). Ivory nut (Phytelephas macrocarpa) mannan has been reported to be digested by ruminants (Beals and Lindsey 1916) and these pasture-plant mannans are probably also digested, presumably after hydrolysis by mannanases secreted by the rumen microflora. The only study of the action of rumen microorganisms on plant mannans appears to be that of Williams and Doetsch (1960), who isolated from the rumens of cows fed guaran (soluble galactomannan) several bacteria which could grow on this poly-saccharide and which secreted extracellular mannanase.

scholarly journals Isolation, chemical characterization and biological activity of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) root saponins

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Oleszek ◽  
Marian Jurzysta
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Fungistatic Activity ◽  
Water Suspensions ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Crystalline saponins were isolated from red clover (<em>Trifolium pratense</em> L.) roots. They were a mixture of two glycosides showing no haemolytic or fungistatic activity. Acid hydrolysis of these saponins yielded soyasapogenols B. C. D. E and F and rhamnose. xylose, arabinose glucose and glucuronic acid as sugar components. They were poorly or not soluble in water and well soluble in ethanol. Water suspensions of these saponins did not affect winter wheat seedling growth.

Diamines, guanidinoamines, and their hydroxy derivatives in seeds and seedlings of leguminous plants

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1381-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koei Hamana ◽  
Shigeru Matsuzaki
Keyword(s):  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Legume Seed ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Wisteria Floribunda ◽  
Leguminous Seeds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Mature Seeds

Two unusual amines corresponding to γ(3)-hydroxyagmatine and 2-hydroxyputrescine were detected in the mature seeds of vetch Vicia sativa, pea Pisum sativum, wisteria Wisteria floribunda, and red clover Trifolium pratense. These two amines were resistant to both acid hydrolysis and reduction with palladium – barium sulfate but were cleaved by periodate oxidation. The latter amine assigned as 2-hydroxyputrescine was produced by alkaline hydrolysis of the former amine, γ-hydroxyagmatine. This was metabolized by agmatine oxidase. Putrescine, cadaverine, and (or) agmatine levels increased, but the levels of the two hydroxyamines as well as methylagmatine remained unchanged during germination of 23 leguminous seeds. Key words: legume, seed, polyamine, hydroxy agmatine, hydroxyputrescine.

The hydrolysis of wheaten hay hemicellulose by a purified enzyme from rumen microorganisms.

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Walker ◽  
MF Hopgood
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Partial Inhibition ◽  
Rumen Microflora ◽  
Sheep Rumen ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An enzyme hydrolyzing a largely insoluble preparation of hemicellulose from wheaten hay was purified from sheep rumen microflora. The enzyme catalysed the hydrolysis of hemicellulose to xylose, xylobiose, xylotriose, and higher oligosaccharides together with glucose and arabinose. Enzyme activity was rapidly destroyed by heating at temperatures above 40� and by raising the pH above the optimum of 6.0. Purified enzyme preparations did not hydrolyse starch or cellulose. A partial inhibition of hemicellulase activity was observed in the presence of p-chloromercuribenzoate.

Comparisons of Floral Response of Seed Lots of Dollard Red Clover, Trifolium pratense L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bula ◽  
R. G. May ◽  
C. S. Garrison ◽  
C. M. Rincker ◽  
J. G. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Auto-hydrolysis of red clover as “green” approach to (iso)flavonoid enriched products

Fitoterapia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 104878
Author(s):  
Gonzalo R. Malca-Garcia ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Huali Dong ◽  
Dejan Nikolić ◽  
J. Brent Friesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Precrop Effect of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on the Population Development of the Northern Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 and on Succeeding Crops—A Pot Study

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Renata Dobosz ◽  
Roman Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Meloidogyne Hapla ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Tomato Growth

The northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, is a major pest of many crop species. The objective of the study was to determine how M. hapla population dynamics is affected by two precrops, i.e., Trifolium pratense and Medicago sativa, in three crop durations: one, two and three years of continuous cultivation. Moreover, we set ourselves the task of evaluating the effect of the legume precrop soil on the growth of the succeeding tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) and on the nematode population. The experiment was performed outdoors in pots with naturally infected soil. Both precrop species investigated were found to modify the J2 nematode population density in the soil. The galls and nematode females with egg masses were observed on the roots of both studied plant species at the end of each growing season. They appeared to be more abundant on the red clover roots than on those of the alfalfa. The obtained data indicate that the spring soil sampling is more appropriate for the estimation of the M. hapla population density in the red clover precrop soil. The legume precrop soil had a limiting effect on tomato growth and fruit yield. The nematode population negatively influenced tomato growth. The experiment revealed that tomato plants could be planted in alfalfa precrop soil following at least three years of continuous alfalfa cultivation. The same cannot be said of the cultivation of red clover as a precrop for tomatoes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document