scholarly journals Effect of Skim-Milk Feeding on the Flow and Composition of Thoracic Duct and Intestinal Lymph in Young Calves

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Shannon ◽  
AK Lasoelles
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Intestinal Lymph ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Milk Feeding

The effect of feeding skim milk on the flow and composition of lymph from thoracic and intestinal ducts was studied in young calves by means of lymphatico-venous shunts. The changes observed were similar for both thoracic duct and intestinal lymph. Skim-milk feeding significantly reduced lymph flow but had no effect on total protein concentration in lymph and no effect on lymph: plasma ratios for total protein concentration. It is suggested that the reduction in lymph flow observed when calves are fed skim milk is due to a decreased blood flow through the intestinal capillaries.

Effects of hypoproteinemia on lung microvascular protein sieving and lung lymph flow

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Parker ◽  
N. E. Wickersham ◽  
R. J. Roselli ◽  
T. R. Harris ◽  
K. L. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Osmotic Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Lung Lymph ◽  
Lung Lymph Flow

Experiments were conducted on five chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep to determine the effects of sustained hypoproteinemia on lung fluid balance. Plasma total protein concentration was decreased from a control value of 6.17 +/- 0.019 to 3.97 +/- 0.17 g/dl (mean +/- SE) by acute plasmapheresis and maintained at this level by chronic thoracic lymph duct drainage. We measured pulmonary arterial pressure, left atrial pressure, aortic pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output, oncotic pressures of both plasma and lung lymph, lung lymph flow rate, and lung lymph-to-plasma ratio of total proteins and six protein fractions for both control base-line conditions and hypoproteinemia base-line conditions. Moreover, we estimated the average osmotic reflection coefficient for total proteins and the solvent drag reflection coefficients for the six protein fractions during hypoproteinemia. Hypoproteinemia caused significant decreases in lung lymph total protein concentration, lung lymph-to-plasma total protein concentration ratio, and oncotic pressures of plasma and lung lymph. There were no significant alterations in the vascular pressures, lung lymph flow rate, cardiac output, or oncotic pressure gradient. The osmotic reflection coefficient for total proteins was found to be 0.900 +/- 0.004 for hypoproteinemia conditions, which is equal to that found in a previous investigation for sheep with a normal plasma protein concentration. Our results suggest that hypoproteinemia does not alter the lung filtration coefficient nor the reflection coefficients for plasma proteins. Possible explanations for the reported increase in the lung filtration coefficient during hypoproteinemia by other investigators are also made.

Intrathoracic sources of caudal mediastinal lymph node efferent lymph in sheep

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Koike ◽  
K. H. Albertine ◽  
N. C. Staub
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Efferent Duct ◽  
Line Flow

We investigated the intrathoracic contributions to the caudal mediastinal lymph node (CMN) efferent lymph in 12 anesthetized sheep after removing possible systemic contributions from below the diaphragm. We interrupted various pathways that may send lymph to the CMN (chest wall, esophagus, lung). Because the experiment is destructive, we did the resections in various combinations and waited 1 h between steps. Base-line CMN efferent lymph flow averaged 0.90 +/- 0.52 g/15 min (mean +/- SD). Cutting the pulmonary ligaments bilaterally caused lymph flow to decrease by an average of 58%. In five sheep, cauterizing around the lung hila reduced lymph flow by 16% of base line, cauterizing along the esophagus reduced lymph flow by 18% of base line, and cauterizing along the chest wall increased lymph flow by 6% of base line. After complete isolation of the node, except for the bronchoesophageal artery, dorsal mediastinal vein, and CMN efferent duct, 14% of base-line flow remained. The lymph-to-plasma total protein concentration ratios did not change significantly with any procedure. Under the conditions of our experiments, approximately 74% of base-line intrathoracic CMN efferent flow comes from the lung.

Effect of serotonin, epinephrine, histamine, and hexamethonium on thoracic duct lymph

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walton K. T. Shim ◽  
Eugene L. Pollack ◽  
Theodore Drapanas
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Single Intravenous Injection ◽  
Duct Lymph

Serial studies of thoracic duct lymph flow rates and lymph proteins including albumin, globulin and fibrinogen were performed in 22 fasting unanesthetized dogs following intrathoracic cannulation of the thoracic duct with a polyethylene catheter. Serotonin given intravenously (20 µg/kg/min) produced a marked increase in lymph flow (115%) with a 20% decrease in total protein concentration. A single intravenous injection of epinephrine (1 mg) produced a 92% increase in lymph flow accompanied by a 12% increase in protein concentration. Histamine (1 mg) given intravenously also produced a significant increase in lymph flow (127%) but protein concentration remained constant. Hexamethonium chloride (2.5 mg/kg iv) markedly depressed lymph flow rate (50%) without significantly altering lymph protein concentrations. The possible mechanisms of action of each of these agents is discussed. Results indicate that serotonin markedly influences lymph production and lymph protein concentration by a probable selective alteration of capillary permeability rather than by increasing intestinal motility.

Determination of Total Protein Concentration in Solution Using Gold Electrode Modified with Silver Nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Marcel Seumo Tchekwagep ◽  
Charles Péguy Nanseu-Njiki ◽  
Emmanuel Ngameni ◽  
Ravi Danielsson ◽  
Thomas Arnebrant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Gold Electrode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Total Protein Concentration

Mineral balance in skim-milk and milk retentate: effect of physicochemical characteristics of the aqueous phase

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Brule ◽  
Jacques Fauquant
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mineral Balance ◽  
Citrate Ions

SummaryThe effect of physicochemical characteristics (pH, temperature, composition) of the aqueous phase on the mineral balance in milk and milk retentate has been studied. The ratio of colloidal Ca to total protein decreased with pH, but at any given pH the higher the protein concentration, the higher was the ratio of colloidal Ca to total protein. The solubilization of Ca during cooling and the decrease in soluble Ca during heating were approximately the same in retentates and in milk. Among the components of the aqueous phase, soluble Ca and citrate ions were related to the amount of colloidal Ca.

Albumin fraction and measurement of total protein concentration

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. H1723-H1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Peterson ◽  
R. W. Tate
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Albumin Fraction ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Protein Assays

The standard curve of a typical colorimetric assay for total protein is often nonlinear and dependent on the albumin fraction of the protein standard. We developed a simple mathematical transformation to make the standard curve linear and a computational method to correct for differences in albumin concentrations among the samples. This method uses data from total protein assays on two sets of standards (albumin and gamma globulin) and provides accurate measures of total protein over the full range of albumin fractions. Comparison of this two-standard method with the a method that uses only albumin as a standard shows that this method prevents physiologically significant overestimations in total protein concentration and calculated protein osmotic pressure differences in the lungs.

scholarly journals Role of fibronectin under conditions of doxorubicin action

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A. I. Shevtsova ◽  
G. A. Ushakova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antitumor Action ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Monospecific Antibodies ◽  
Anthracycline Chemotherapy ◽  
In Blood Plasma

There is no standard as to treatment of anthracycline chemotherapy complications. The reduction of cytotoxic drugs toxicity without weakening of their antitumor action remains relevant. The extracellular matrix which key component is fibronectin is present in all tissues and it continuously undergoes controlled remodeling. So, the purpose of our work was to study the level of fibronectin in the experimental model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and effects of this cytostatic and its co-administration with antioxidants of different nature.The level of fibronectin was measured by ELISA using monospecific antibodies against fibronectin (Sigma, USA), secondary anti-IgG labeled with horseradish peroxidase (Sigma, USA) and fibronectin standard (Sigma, USA). The study was conducted on Wistar male rats with weight of 210 ± 50 g which were divided into 4 groups by 8 animals in each group: 1 – control, rats receiving saline i/p; 2 – doxorubicin 1 mg/kg i/p once a week during 4 weeks; 3 – doxorubicin by the same scheme plus 1% 2-oxoglutarate in drinking water during 4 weeks;4 – doxorubicin by the same scheme and korvitin injection 30 min before doxorubicin application once a week during 4 weeks. Obtained data indicate the effect of doxorubicin to decrease in index mass heart in 38% of animals compared to control animals; decrease in total protein concentration by 8% (Р < 0,05) and increase of the level of fibronectin by 67% (P < 0,001) in blood plasma of rats and decrease in the level of fibronectin in the heart extract by 19% (Р < 0,05) under development of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Increased fibronectin concentration in blood plasma had strong correlation with decreased total protein concentration in blood (r=0,80) and heart extract (r=0,59) in rats with doxorubicin-induced cardiomiophaty indicating the sensitive reaction of fibronectin to development of metabolic disorders under doxorubicin influence. 

Assay of cerebrospinal fluid protein: a rate biuret method evaluated.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Finley ◽  
R J Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Reaction Cell ◽  
Biuret Method ◽  
Automated Instrument ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein

Abstract We evaluated a rate colorimetric method (Beckman) for measuring total protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The automated instrument we used was Beckman's ASTRA TM. A 100-microL sample of spinal fluid is introduced into the biuret reagent in the reaction cell and the increase in absorbance at 545 nm is monitored for 20.5 s. Solid-state circuits determine the rate of alkaline biuret-protein chelate formation, which is directly proportional to the total protein concentration in the sample. The linear range of measurement is 120 to 7500 mg/L. Day-to-day precision (CV) over the range of 150 to 1200 mg/L ranged from 15.2 to 2.3%. The method was unaffected by radical alteration of the albumin/globulin ratio, but there is a positive interference in the presence of hemoglobin, a suppression in the presence of bilirubin, and no effect by xanthochromia. The method is precise, accurate, rapid, and convenient. The method was compared with the trichloroacetic acid method as performed on the Du Pont aca III, giving a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9693. The method is precise, accurate, rapid, and convenient.

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