scholarly journals Thermal Transitions in Gastropod Collagen and their Correlation with Environmental Temperature

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Rigby ◽  
P Mason
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Thermal Transitions ◽  
Shrinkage Temperature ◽  
Terrestrial Gastropods ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

The shrinkage temperature (Ts) in 0'9% saline of the collagen of a number of marine and terrestrial gastropods living in a wide range of temperature conditions has been examined and found to correlate with the environmental temperature of the source, i.e. the higher this environmental temperature the higher is Ts.

scholarly journals The effects of plane of nutrition and environmental temperature on the energy metabolism of the growing pig

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Close
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Curvilinear Relation ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

1. From the relation between metabolizable energy (me) intake and heat loss (H), energy retention (ER), protein (P) and fat (F) deposition the energy costs of maintenance (MEm) and the partial efficiencies of energy retention (k) and protein (kp) and fat (kf) retention were determined in growing pigs at environmental temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30°.2. k decreased with increase in environmental temperature from 0.79 at 10° to 0.63 at 30° with 0.67 at the thermally-neutral temperature of 25°. Each 0.04 decrease in k was associated with a 100 kJ/kg0.75 per d decrease in mem Analysis, within several ranges of environmental temperature, suggested a curvilinear relation between ER and me intake indicating a decrease in k with increase in level of feeding, particularly at thermally-neutral temperatures.3. Both kp and kf were similar at each environmental temperature and decreased from 0.78 at 10° to 0.63 at 30°. These values are discussed in relation to those predicted from experimentation and it is suggested that the wide range of predicted estimates of kp could be attributed to differences in the rate of protein turnover.

High-Rate Anaerobic Waste-Water Treatment Using the UASB Reactor under a Wide Range of Temperature Conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lettinga ◽  
L.W. Hulshoff Pol ◽  
I.W. Koster ◽  
W.M. Wiegant ◽  
W.J. De Zeeuw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

scholarly journals Biology and Management of Thickhead (Crassocephalum crepidioides) in Ornamental Crop Production

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Allison Bechtloff ◽  
Shawn T. Steed ◽  
Nathan S. Boyd ◽  
Stephen Christoper Marble
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Nursery Crops ◽  
Water Nutrients

Typically found in shadehouses and shaded areas of nursery production, thickhead grows aggressively in containers and can outcompete nursery crops for water, nutrients, and light. This erect, sparingly branched, herbaceous annual, grows up to 4 feet tall and germinates over a wide range of pH, salt, and temperature conditions. This four-page fact sheet describes thickhead (Crassocephalum crepidioides) and various methods for its control in ornamental crop production. Written by Allison Bechtloff, Shawn Steed, Chris Marble, and Nathan Boyd and published by the Environmental Horticulture Department.­http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep534

scholarly journals Diet and heat - one neuronal subset two responses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Prince ◽  
Jenny Kretzschmar ◽  
Laura C. Trautenberg ◽  
Marko Brankatschk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Functional Conservation ◽  
Neuronal Control ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
Signal Cascade ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neuronal Regulation

ABSTRACTThe Insulin signal cascade is one of the best studied metabolic circuits, and shows a remarkable high molecular and functional conservation across the animal kingdom. Insulin-producing cells respond directly to nutritional cues in circulation and receive modulatory input from connected neuronal networks. Neuronal control is rapid and integrates a wide range of variables including dietary change or environmental temperature. However, despite various detailed studies that demonstrated the potential of neuronal regulation the physiological relevance of this circuit remains elusive.In Drosophila, Insulin-like peptide 7 (dIlp7)-producing neurons are wired with Insulin-producing cells. We found a dual role for this neuronal subset: a.) activated dilp7-producing neurons are required to facilitate development at high temperatures, and if confronted with calorie-rich food that represses neuronal activity b.) their product, dIlp7, regulates Insulin signalling levels. Our work shows that Insulin-producing cells not simply integrate signals from circulating nutritional cues and neuronal inputs, but switch to neuronal control in response to dietary composition.

scholarly journals MODERN HYDROACTIVE POLYURETHANE FOR RESTORATION OF WATERPROOFING CAPABILITY OF HYDROTECHNICAL STRUCTURES

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
O. V. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Hydraulic Concrete ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concrete Body ◽  
Two Component

The main material of the hydrotechnical structures of the water management and reclamation complex is concrete. Its durability is the main indicator of reliability of building operation. The high density of hydraulic concrete, which determines the water resistance, is a guarantee of its durability. At the same time, in hydraulic concrete during the operation under the influence of aggressive environmental factors various defects (cracks, dissected zones)develop, which reduce its waterproofing capability. These defectsare the main centers of water filtration through building structures. At first, drip filtration develops in buildings, which in the course of time increases into active jet filtration. That can lead to the complete destruction of the building. In this connection, the issue of restoration of monolithicity and waterproofing of concrete hydro-technical constructions is relevant. The solution of the problem may be the use of injection waterproofing of the structures when using hydroactive polyurethane resins. Due to the presence in the chain of macromolecules the final isocyanate (-NCO) groups, polyurethanes are capable for interacting with water molecules with the release of carbon dioxide, which leads to foaming. As a result, water blockage occurs in the concrete body and its waterproofing is restored. The analysis of the modern construction market shows that there is currently a sufficiently wide range of single- and two-component hydroactive polyurethane resins capable of reacting with water with foam formation. As the study has shown, the rate of polymerization, the beginning and the end of polyurethane compositionsfoaming substantially depend on the rate of catalyst or polymerization accelerator in the composition, as well as on the environmental temperature. So,when increasing the rate of catalyst in the mixture from 2 to 9%, the rate of polymerization reaction increases by 3,3-3,9 times, and when increasing the environmental temperature from 10 to 25 °C, the polymerization rate increases in 1,3-1,4 times. The foaming time of polyurethane compositions varies within 0,8 ... 16 minutes. Depending on the polyurethane formulations, the resins can be slow- reactive, fast-reactive and ultrafast-reactive, which opens a prospect for their application in the conditions of the filtration of different intensity: from drip to jet. Two-component polyurethane resins are the most promising for application in the technology of injection waterproofing on hydraulic engineering structures of water management and reclamation area, which enable to eliminate water leakage through the structures of different intensity: from drip to active jet filtration. Two-component polyurethane resins such as CarboPur, Tunnelinjekt, PenePurFoam, when contacting with water, form a rigid elastic foam with high physical and mechanical properties: bending strength up to 80 MPa, adhesion to water-saturated concrete to 2, 8 MPa. Field study proved the high efficiency of injecting waterproofing with the use of hydroactive polyurethane resins in the conditions of water filtration through the structures of docking facilities of pumping stations. In the course of implementation of the projects on the restoration of waterproofing of reinforced concrete structures, the following types of work were performed: eliminating leaks through the isolation joints of concrete, as well as through shrinkage and structural cracks; eliminating leaks in the adjacent zones of "wall-floor", "wall-ceiling"; sealing leaks through the places of engineering communications laying(pipelines); arrangement of shut-off and veal waterproofing in the walls (injection of resins into dilapidated zones of the structure).

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Maternal Age on Recombination Rate in Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Botong Shen ◽  
Ellen Freebern ◽  
Jicai Jiang ◽  
Christian Maltecca ◽  
John B. Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meiotic Recombination ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Meiotic recombination is a fundamental biological process that facilitates meiotic division and promotes genetic diversity. Recombination is phenotypically plastic and affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The effect of maternal age on recombination rates has been characterized in a wide range of species, but the effect’s direction remains inconclusive. Additionally, the characterization of temperature effects on recombination has been limited to model organisms. Here we seek to comprehensively determine the impact of genetic and environmental factors on recombination rate in dairy cattle. Using a large cattle pedigree, we identified maternal recombination events within 305,545 three-generation families. By comparing recombination rate between parents of different ages, we found a quadratic trend between maternal age and recombination rate in cattle. In contrast to either an increasing or decreasing trend in humans, cattle recombination rate decreased with maternal age until 65 months and then increased afterward. Combining recombination data with temperature information from public databases, we found a positive correlation between environmental temperature during fetal development of offspring and recombination rate in female parents. Finally, we fitted a full recombination rate model on all related factors, including genetics, maternal age, and environmental temperatures. Based on the final model, we confirmed the effect of maternal age and environmental temperature during fetal development of offspring on recombination rate with an estimated heritability of 10% (SE = 0.03) in cattle. Collectively, we characterized the maternal age and temperature effects on recombination rate and suggested the adaptation of meiotic recombination to environmental stimuli in cattle. Our results provided first-hand information regarding the plastic nature of meiotic recombination in a mammalian species.

Design Flexibility Permits a 35000 HP Industrial Gas Turbine to Meet a Wide Range of Application Requirements

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Kuly
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

Two recent applications for a heavy duty industrial gas turbine engine are discussed. The principal design requirements for both cases are compared and the design changes necessary to meet the requirements are illustrated. In the case of a main pipeline compressor driver, the need for high thermal efficiency over a wide range of loads is met by use of a regenerative cycle and by reprogramming the loading sequence. Long term step increases in engine capability were provided by incorporating a unique engine convertability feature. In the case of a process air compressor driver with exhaust heat recovery, the engine exhaust temperature and gas flow imposed constraints on engine capability during high ambient temperature operation and on engine operation at low ambient temperature conditions. The constraints were met by the use of steam injection to augment power at high ambient temperature conditions and by the use of variable inlet guide vanes to control exhaust flow at the low temperatures.

scholarly journals A new approach toward damage localization and quantification of structures under changing temperature condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Soo Lon Wah ◽  
Yung-Tsang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Single Temperature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Actual Damage ◽  
Shear Building ◽  
Two Stages

Most damage detection methods developed in the literature cannot give the locations and extent of damages under the presence of varying temperature condition. This is because temperature condition changes the vibration properties of a structure, which are commonly analyzed for damage detection, and temperature gradient throughout the structure makes it difficult to create a baseline for the undamaged structure, as the baseline is generally constructed using features obtained under a wide range of temperature conditions. In this paper, a new insight on how to approach damage detection using only a single temperature condition to create the baseline is proposed. This approach solves the damage detection under changing temperature problem in two stages by first quantifying the change of stiffness of all the elements in a structure due to temperature and damage effects, followed by removing the temperature effect, a global effect, to give the actual damage locations and extent. Using single temperature condition allows new measurements to be compared to a benchmark so that local deviation can be obtained, thus making the damaged elements identifiable. The proposed approach is tested using a beam structure model and a shear building under different gradient temperature conditions, and the results demonstrate that the method successfully eliminates the change in elemental stiffness due to temperature effect and gives correct damage locations and extent. The approach can be implemented with other existing damage detection methods that did not consider the effect of temperature so that structures under varying temperature condition can be analyzed.

scholarly journals VARIATION IN MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF MURINE TYPHUS INFECTION IN MICE WITH CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE

1944 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Moragues ◽  
Henry Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Murine Typhus ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Different Strains

Murine typhus rickettsiae injected intraperitoneally in mice of the dba strain caused a uniformly fatal rickettsial peritonitis if the animals were kept at a room temperature ranging from 65–73°F. or from 70–80°F. With an environmental temperature range of 85–98°F., a mortality of less than 25 per cent was observed. By utilizing different strains of mice and controlling the environmental temperature, conditions may be created under which murine typhus will have any desired degree of mortality. Such conditions have obvious advantages for the evaluation of therapeutic measures in typhus infection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document