Probiotic control of lactate accumulation in acutely grain-fed sheep

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
KG Wiryawan ◽  
JD Brooker
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Lactate Accumulation ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Selenomonas Ruminantium ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Megasphaera Elsdenii

When sheep were acutely fed a grain diet, ruminal pH rapidly dropped to less than 5.0, lactic acid exceeded 100 mM and clinical symptoms of acidosis were evident within 24 h. When acute grain feeding was preceeded by inoculation of the rumen with 108 cfu of Selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica strain JDB201, ruminal lactate was undetectable and ruminal pH was stabilized at 6.3-6.5 for up to 24 h. Inoculation of the rumen with a mixture of 108 cfu each of Selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica strain JDB201 and Megasphaera elsdenii strain JDB301 was shown to be more effective than Selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica alone and maintained ruminal stability following acute grain feeding for up to 4 days. A continuous culture model of acidosis was also developed to test the effect of probiotic inoculation in combination with 0.75 8g/mL of Virginiamycin in preventing lactate accumulation and establishing a stable fermentation in vitro. The data suggest that although probiotic treatment is effective, a combination of probiotic and antibiotic may be the best approach to achieve rapid ruminal adaptation during acute grain feeding of sheep.

Potential influence of dairy propionibacteria on the growth and acid metabolism of Streptococcus bovis and Megasphaera elsdenii

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Luo ◽  
C.S. Ranadheera ◽  
S. King ◽  
C.A. Evans ◽  
S.K. Baines
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Megasphaera Elsdenii ◽  
Dairy Propionibacteria ◽  
Different Strains

Ruminal acidosis is a prevalent disorder among dairy cows and feedlot cattle, which can significantly impair their health and productivity. This study, involving seven different strains of dairy propionibacteria, represents an in vitro investigation of the feasibility of using these organisms as direct-fed microbials to control lactic acid acumulation in the rumen. Interactions between the propionibacteria, Streptococcus bovis and Megasphaera elsdenii were evaluated in terms of effects on lactic, acetic and propionic acid metabolism, following co-incubation. Spot resistance tests showed slight but varying degrees of growth inhibition by S. bovis among the propionibacteria, while no inhibition was observed between M. elsdenii and the different strains of dairy propionibacteria. In the co-culture experiments comprising S. bovis in nutrient broth, significant differences in pH and the levels of production of lactic, acetic and propionic acid, were observed between treatments following inoculation with various propionibacteria and/or M. elsdenii. In general, lactic acid concentrations at the end of the incubation were significantly lower in the cultures containing propionibacteria compared with cultures comprising either S. bovis only or S. bovis + M. elsdenii, although efficacy of lactate metabolism varied between species and strains. Moreover,the accumulation of acetic and propionic acid in the combined cultures, but not in the solo S. bovis culture, indicated that these compounds were produced as a result of the metabolism of lactic acid by the propionibacteria and M. elsdenii.

Feeding increasing concentrate to Tifton 85 hay ratios modulated rumen fermentation and microbiota in Nellore feedlot steers

2015 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. RIBEIRO ◽  
Y. T. GRANJA-SALCEDO ◽  
J. D. MESSANA ◽  
A. J. NETO ◽  
R. C. CANESIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Selenomonas Ruminantium ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen

SUMMARYThe use of diets with increasing proportions of concentrate to fibre can ensure appropriate energy levels and result in greater efficiency in Nellore feedlot steers. It was hypothesized that higher proportions of concentrate in the diet of these Nellore steers may affect ruminal fermentation and microbiota as a consequence of ruminal pH reduction. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with four different roughage (hay Tifton 85) : concentrate ratios on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota of Nellore feedlot steers. Higher proportions of concentrate in the diet did not affect intake and digestibility of dry and organic matter. The concentration of N-NH3, total rumen volatile fatty acid, acetic (C2), butyric (C4), isobutyric, valeric and isovaleric acids, and microbial nitrogen did not differ among diets. However, increasing proportions of concentrate in the diet resulted in a linear reduction in average rumen pH and increased propionic acid (C3) concentration, resulting in lower relative C2 : C3. Bacterial population ofFibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococus flavefaciensandRuminococcus albusdecreased in the rumen. However, bacteria that are consumers of lactic acid (Selenomonas ruminantiumandMegasphaera elsdenii) and producers of lactic acid (Lactobacillussp. andStreptococcus bovis) increased when animals were fed with high-concentrate diets. The total number of protozoa was similar for the different roughage : concentrate ratios. Protozoan counts were only influenced by diet for the genusDasytricha. The findings point to diets with increasing concentrate to Tifton 85 hay ratios as inhibiting the growth of some cellulolytic bacteria and reducing fibre digestibility, and indicate Tifton 85 hay as a possible modulated rumen fermentation in the Nellore steer feedlot.

The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on in vitro growth and fermentation of Selenomonas ruminantium and Megasphaera elsdenii

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Sylwia Grochowska ◽  
Włodzimierz Nowak ◽  
Małgorzata Lasik-Kurdyś ◽  
Robert Mikuła ◽  
Jacek Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Selenomonas Ruminantium ◽  
Megasphaera Elsdenii ◽  
Live Culture

Stimulation of lactate utilization by Selenomonas ruminantium and Megasphaera elsdenii may help in reducing problems associated with rumen acidosis. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae live culture and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products on in vitro growth and fermentation of lactate-utilizing ruminal bacteria, S. ruminantium (ATCC 19205) and M. elsdenii (ATCC 25940). The cultures were run for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h under anaerobic conditions on a growth medium supplemented with a yeast live culture (SC) or with yeast fermentation products (SCFP) and, as reference, on the same medium without supplementation (CON). Neither SC nor SCFP had a significant effect on the growth of S. ruminantium after 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation, but the live yeast culture significantly (P≤0.05) improved the growth of these bacteria after 48 h of incubation. The yeast fermentation products significantly (P≤0.05) decreased pH and increased lactate synthesis by S. ruminantium. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae live culture significantly improved the growth of M. elsdenii after 12 and 24 h of incubation, and the S. cerevisiae fermentation products increased its growth after 48 h. The After 24 and 48 h of incubation the Saccharomyces cerevisiae live culture reduced the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (VFA), while caproate was the main product of in vitro fermentation of M. elsdenii (P≤0.05). Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cultures may improve microbial fibre fermentation in the rumen by maintaining optimal pH conditions.

scholarly journals 390 Effects of dietary-induced pH changes on feed digestion, nitrogen metabolism, fermentation, and biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in dual-flow continuous culture fermenters

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 156-156
Author(s):  
Joshua M Zeltwanger ◽  
Alfredo DiCostanzo ◽  
Haley Larson-Johnson ◽  
Marshall Stern
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Flax Oil

Abstract Ruminal pH decreases as greater concentrations of grain are consumed, and as a result, reduces biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty-acids. Our objective was to investigate effects of diet on pH and biohydrogenation activity in vitro. Eight dual-flow, continuous culture fermenters were blocked by side of the room and randomly assigned, within block, to 1 of 4 treatments. Treatments consisted of 100:0 roughage-to-concentrate (Grass), 50:50 roughage-to-concentrate plus flax oil supplement (Mix+F), 10:90 roughage-to-concentrate plus corn oil supplement (Con+C), or 10:90 roughage-to-concentrate plus flax oil supplement (Con+F). Fermenter pH, area under the curve, and maximum pH were lowest for Con+C and Con+F (P < 0.05). Apparent and true DM, OM, and NDF digestibility were greater with grain inclusion (P < 0.05) while ADF digestibility was not affected by treatment (P > 0.10). Protein degradation was lowered as grain inclusion increased (P < 0.05). Total VFA concentrations were lowest for Grass, highest for Con+C and Con+F, and intermediate for Mix+F (P < 0.05). Acetate-to-propionate was lowest for Con treatments (P < 0.05). Biohydrogenation of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 fatty-acids were reduced (P < 0.01) with inclusion of concentrate regardless of roughage-to-concentrate ratio. Concentrations of stearic acid recovered from effluent were greatest for Grass, intermediate for Mix+F, and lowest for both Con+C and Con+F (P < 0.05). Linoleic acid proportions in effluent were greatest for Con+C and Con+F and intermediate for Mix+F (P < 0.05), and inclusion of concentrate, regardless of amount, increased the amount linoleic acid recovered from fermenter overflow (P < 0.01). Between Con+C and Con+F concentrations of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) was greater when flax oil was supplemented (P < 0.01). Proportions of ALA in effluent was similar (P > 0.10) between Grass and Con+C; however, between Mix+F and Con+F ALA concentrations tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for Con+F. Omega6-to-omega3 ratios were similar across Grass, Mix+F, and Con+F (P > 0.10) and greatest for Con+C (P < 0.05).

1120: Citrate and Vitamin E Blunt the SWL-Induced Free Radical Surge in an In-Vitro MDCK Cell Culture Model

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 295-295
Author(s):  
Fernando C. Delvecchio ◽  
Ricardo M. Brizuela ◽  
Karen J. Byer ◽  
W. Patrick Springhart ◽  
Saeed R. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Mdck Cell ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
Culture Model

In vitro adhesion of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria to Caco-2P and IEC-18 cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Szekér ◽  
J. Beczner ◽  
A. Halász ◽  
Á. Mayer ◽  
J.M. Rezessy-Szabó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Adhesion
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