Yield improvement of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in a low rainfall environment. II. Agronomic performance of lines selected on the basis of pre-anthesis development

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
N Thurling ◽  
R Kaveeta
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Agronomic characteristics of two groups of early flowering Brassica napus lines and their respective parents were compared at East Beverley in the Western Australian wheatbelt. These lines had been derived through two generations of backcrossing and subsequent selfing from crosses of the B. napus cultivar Wesbrook (recurrent parent) with an early flowering B. napus line RU2 and an even earlier flowering B. campestris population Chinoli C42. Lines selected for this experiment had flowered earliest in a previous controlled environment experiment. Only RU2 and one WesbrookxRU2 line (IB72) had significantly higher yields than Wesbrook (149% and 166% respectively), and one Wesbrookxchinoli C42 line was the only line to have a significantly lower yield than Wesbrook. None of the lines had significantly higher yields than their respective non-recurrent parents. Although RU2 and IB72 flowered much earlier than Wesbrook, there was no significant relationship between flowering time and seed yield over all lines. Lines which were the earliest to commence stem elongation tended to have higher seed yields. However, of all the growth and development characters measured, the biological yield and the dry weight increment between commencement of flowering and maturity were most closely related to seed yield. RU2 and IB72 accumulated far more dry matter over the post-anthesis period than Wesbrook and all other lines except another WesbrookxRU2 line. The superior post-anthesis growth of RU2 and IB72 may simply be a manifestation of the longer period available for growth under more favourable environmental conditions or deeper roots extracting more water from a greater depth. However, since there was no relationship between flowering time and the post-anthesis dry matter increment, it seems more likely that IB72 has received genes for superior post-anthesis growth as well as those determining early flowering from RU2. Given the rapid decline in soil moisture availability during post-anthesis development in this environment, these genes may affect post-anthesis growth through determining a greater capacity for drought avoidance. The implications of these results are discussed with particular reference to the breeding of higher yielding B. napus cultivars for lower rainfall environments.

Relationship of physiological characters to yield parameters in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chongo ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

The physiological basis of seed yield in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) still remains unclear, and conclusions on the contribution of such traits to seed yield are difficult to make. Nine cultivars, classified into three yield groups (high, medium and low) based on significant differences in seed yield from previous trials, were tested over two locations and years. Leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area (PA), per unit leaf dry matter (PDM) and per unit leaf chlorophyll (PC), transpiration rate (TR) and water use efficiency (WUE) were investigated on fully expanded leaf numbers 4 (vegetative), 6 (early flowering) and 8 (early podding stage) on the main stem and related to seed yield, total dry matter (TDM) and harvest index (HI) of each yield group. Differences among yield groups for seed yield, TDM and HI were significant. Chlorophyll content was lowest on leaf 4, but increased with leaf age. Correlations between net photosynthetic rate and seed yield were not found. However, cultivars in the high yield group maximized their net photosynthetic rates (PA, PDM, and PC) on leaf 6 during early flowering at the time when TR was lowest and WUE at its highest. In the medium and low groups, photosynthetic rates were highest on leaf 4, but decreased to lowest values on leaf 8, together with the high yield group. In general, the results indicate that the largest contribution to net photosynthesis by oilseed rape leaves occurred during the vegetative and early flowering stages compared with the early pod-filling stage. Key words: Total dry matter, harvest index, photosynthesis, chlorophyll

Seedling age and quality upon transplanting affect seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1461-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Ren ◽  
Jianfang Zhu ◽  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Shanlin Ma ◽  
Genru Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Neck Diameter

Ren, Y., Zhu, J., Hussain, N., Ma, S., Ye, G., Zhang, D. and Hua, S. 2014. Seedling age and quality upon transplanting affect seed yield of canola (Brassica napus L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1461–1469. Seedling quality is an essential indicator for seed yield in canola, which is affected by many factors, including seedling age. Two field experiments were conducted to compare canola seedling quality and seed yield on 30-, 35-, 40-, 45-, 50-, 55-, and 60-d-old seedlings in 2011 and 2012. The relationship between seedling quality traits and seed yield of different seedling ages was also analyzed. Results revealed that the highest seed yield obtained from 40-d-old seedlings was attributed to more branches and siliques per plant. The negative effect of young seedlings (30-d-old) on seed yield was greater than that of old seedlings (60-d-old). The reduction rates in seed yield on the 30- and 60-d-old seedlings were 25.7 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with the 40-d-old seedlings. Increased root neck diameter, green leaf number, shoot, and root dry matter was the case on 40-d-old seedling transplanted plants compared with other ages. However, the increase was larger in the old seedlings than in the young seedlings. On average, the shoot and root dry weights of the 30-d-old seedlings were 1.9 and 1.7% of those in the 60-d-old seedlings. However, correlation analysis revealed that the seedlings with the highest shoot and root dry matter did not necessarily obtain the highest seed yield. Factor analysis suggested that the effects of root neck diameter and green leaf number on seed yield were more pronounced than those of shoot and root dry matter. Therefore, high seed yield in canola could be defined in terms of optimum green leaf numbers and branches per plant.

Assessment of the nitrogen status of field-grown canola (Brassica napus) by plant analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Hocking ◽  
P. J. Randall ◽  
D. De Marco ◽  
I. Bamforth
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total N ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
N Status

Summary. Field trials were conducted over 2 seasons at Greenethorpe and Canowindra in the Cowra region of New South Wales to develop and calibrate plant tests for assessing the nitrogen (N) status of canola (Brassica napus). Plants were tested at 3 and 7 growth stages up to the start of flowering at Greenethorpe and Canowindra, respectively. The petiole of the youngest mature leaf (YML) was the most suitable plant part to sample for tests based on nitrate-N. Suitable plant parts for tests based on total N were the YML petiole or lamina, or the whole shoot. There was good agreement between the 2 sites in the just-adequate fertiliser N rates (rates giving 90% of maximum yield) and the critical N concentrations in the plant parts tested. Critical nitrate-N concentrations in the fresh YML petiole for dry matter production at the time of sampling the plants decreased from 1.62 to 0.14 mg nitrate-N/g fresh weight between the 4–5 leaf rosette stage (4–5 RS) and the start of flowering (SF). Critical nitrate-N concentrations in the dry YML petiole decreased from 16.5 to 0.8 mg/g dry weight between 4–5 RS and SF. Critical total N concentrations decreased from 4.5 to 2.0, 7.2 to 5.0 and 6.2 to 2.8% dry weight, in the YML petiole, YML lamina, and whole shoot, respectively, between 4–5 RS and SF. Critical nitrate-N and total N concentrations for assessing potential seed yield were similar to those for dry matter production at the time of sampling for each of the growth stages. The critical total N concentrations obtained for the YML petiole and lamina, and the whole shoot before the start of stem elongation are likely to be less precise than the critical nitrate-N concentrations in the YML petiole because of the limited response of total N concentrations to increasing rates of fertiliser N. However, total N in the YML petiole or lamina, or in the whole shoot may be a better indicator of N status for plants sampled after the start of stem elongation as nitrate-N concentrations become low and more variable, and it is harder to identify the YML. The decline in critical N concentrations must be taken into account when interpreting the results of plant tests for diagnosing the N status of canola, as sampling needs to correspond to the plant growth stage for which a particular critical N concentration has been obtained.

The effect of drilling date on the growth and yield of oil-seed rape (Brassica napus L.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. W. Lutman ◽  
Fiona L. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Oil Seed ◽  
Oil Seed Rape ◽  
Autumn And Winter

SummaryThe effects of drilling date (18 August–22 September) on the growth and yield of oil-seed rape (Brassica napus) was studied in a series of five experiments over three seasons. Autumn and winter growth of the crop, as measured by dry weight of tops and leaf area, was severely reduced by delayed drilling, especially if it was later than 10 September. However, during the spring and early summer the differences in crop weight due to drilling date declined and in four of the five experiments there were no detectable differences in seed yield between early- and late-sown crops. The yield decline in the fifth trial was small. Measurements of components of yield showed that later-sown crops had fewer pods per plant and slightly smaller seeds but apparently more seeds per pod. The practical significance and reasons for the recovery of late drilled crops from early poorer growth are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Deficit Stress on Several Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Canola (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad HOSSEINI ◽  
Payman HASSIBI
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
Biological Yield

Water deficit stress considered as one of the most important limiting factors for oil seed canola (Brassica napus L.) growth and productivity in Iran. To evaluate the effects of water deficit stress on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of canola cultivars, this experiment in a greenhouse trial carried out as factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications in Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz (Iran). Canola cultivars, including ‘Hyola 308’, ‘Hyola 401’ and ‘RGS 003’ as first factor, and the second one was three levels of water deficit stress, including stress at early stem elongation stage to early flowering (D1), early flowering stage to early emergence of sacs (D2), beginning of stem elongation stage to early emergence of sacs (D3) and normal irrigation (C, as check). Results showed that the interaction between water deficit stress and cultivars affected biological yield, seed oil yields and harvest index (p≤0.01), dry matter and economic yield (p≤0.05). Water deficit stress reduced grain oil yields. ‘Hyola 308’ under stress at beginning stem elongation stage to early flowering had the lowest oil yields (1.1 g plants-1) and ‘Hyola 401’ under non-stress conditions showed highest oil yields (4.3 g plants-1). The decrease of oil yields at the flowering stage to stem elongation stage was more than the other stages. In addition, water deficit stress reduced harvest index in the three stress levels due to reduced economic yield and reduced biological yield. Stress susceptibility index for ‘Hyola 401’ at the beginning of stem elongation stage to early emergence of sacs was 0.914 and the ‘Hyola 308’ showed 1.12 at the beginning of stem elongation stage to early emergence of sacs respectively, which it can implies that ‘Hyola 308’ is more sensitive than ‘Hyola 401’ to water deficit stress.

EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF RAPESEED AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO RECOVERY FROM HAIL INJURY

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. McGREGOR
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Stage Of Development

The ability of rapeseed crops (Brassica campestris L. ’Torch’ and B. napus L. ’Tower’) to recover from, and compensate for, loss of plants at the early vegetative stage of development was investigated by hand thinning plant populations established at commercial seeding rates with commercial seeding equipment. Plant density was reduced from 100-200 plants m−2 to 40 plants m−2 with less than a 20% loss in seed yield. Seeds per pod and seed weight in some instances increased with reduced plant density. However, compensation was attributed predominantly to an increased number of pods on the remaining plants, which increased from 20-90 to as many as 600. Branching increased from as few as 3 to, in some instances, almost 40. With reduced plant population there was a tendency for increased and prolonged accumulation of dry matter by the plants following flowering.Key words: Brassica campestris L., Brassica napus L., rapeseed, development, seed yield, hail.

Growth, Opium Gum Yield, and Photoperiod Response in Five Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481d-481
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
M.C. Acock ◽  
B. Acock
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Photoperiod Response ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Positive Correlations

To develop models for estimating growth, flowering time and gum yield of opium poppy, we compared variability among five cultivars (T, L, B1, B2, B3) from different latitudes in three Southeast Asian countries. Variability in the relationships between gum yield, capsule volume, and dry weight was also examined. Plants were grown in six growth chambers at a 11-, 12-, 13-, 14-, 15-, or 16-h photoperiod (PP) with a 12-h 25/20 °C thermoperiod. The main capsule was lanced for opium gum at 10, 13, and 16 d after flowering (DAF). Plants were harvested at 21 DAF and separated into leaves, stems, and capsules. Flowering time for B2 was affected least by PP and B1 the most. Flowering times for B3, L, and T were similar across the range of PPs. All cultivars showed a significant increase in flowering time from 14 to 13 h PP. Cultivars that flowered late (such as B1) had greater biomass than those that flowered earlier. However, cultivars that flowered earlier (such as L) had more dry matter partitioned into capsule than late-flowering ones. B2, B3, and L had the highest gum yields while B1 had the lowest. Positive correlations were found between gum dry weight and capsule volume (or dry weight) for T and L, but no correlations were observed between these variables for B1, B2, and B3. Our results indicated that plant dry weight varied as much as 77% and flowering time varied up to 40% even though the critical photoperiod was the same for all cultivars. The ratio of gum yield to capsule dry weight were significantly different between B1 and T.

scholarly journals Effects of sulphur on the yield, yield component characters and oil content of oilseed rape

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Valiollah Rameeh ◽  
Maryam Niakan ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference

The effects of four sulphur levels: S0, S1, S2 and S3, including 0, 12, 24 and 36 kg S ha-1, respectively, along with 115 kg N ha-1 were studied on yield-related traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The significant variance of treatments was determined for plant height, yield component characters, seed yield and oil content. The sulphur application significantly increased most of the traits compared to the S0 level. The S3 (36 kg S ha-1) treatment led to the highest mean value of plant height (132 cm) which was classified with S2 (24 kg S ha-1) in the same statistical group. Sulphur had an increasing effect on pods per plant, and it ranged from 92 to 196 for S0 and S3 applications, respectively. S0 and S1 with 92 and 121 pods per plant were grouped in the same statistical group. In addition, S2, and S3 with 165 and 196 pods per plant showed no significant statistical difference. The sulphur application significantly increased seed yield compared to control (S0 level), and it ranged from 2744 to 3215 kg ha-1 in S0 and S3, respectively. The average oil contents of 45.69, 46.96, 47.46 and 49.53 % were detected for 0, 12, 24 and 36 kg S ha-1, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document