Response of sweet potato cultivars to acid soil infertility factors. II. Effects of calcium supply and soluble aluminium on early growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
V. P. Ila'ava ◽  
C. J. Asher ◽  
F. P. C. Blamey
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Calcium Supply ◽  
Conventional Solution ◽  
Potato Growth

Good growth in acid soils suggests that sweet potato may be tolerant of acid soil infertility factors such as Al toxicity or Ca deficiency. In a conventional solution culture experiment, 4 cultivars responded positively when solution Ca concentration was increased from approximately 4 to 1300 □М. However, a subsequent flowing solution culture (FSC) experiment showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in growth by most of the 15 cultivars studied when solution Ca concentration was increased from 45 to 400 □М. Hence, it was concluded that sweet potato could be fairly tolerant of low Ca supply. In contrast, soluble Al markedly decreased growth of the 15 sweet potato cultivars studied. The results of the present study indicate that Al rather than low Ca supply would be more important in limiting sweet potato growth in acid soils. Furthermore, tolerance to low Ca and soluble Al appears to be linked in sweet potato. These results highlight the importance of selecting sweet potato cultivars for specific soil conditions such as soil acidity.

Effects of lime and gypsum on growth of sweet potato in two strongly acid soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vele P Ila'ava ◽  
Pax Blamey ◽  
Colin J Asher
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
A Value ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potato Growth

There were strong relationships between exchangeable aluminium (Al) and relative top yield, and between soil pH and relative top yield in the Garret and Bisinella soils. Sweet potato plants produced maximum top yields at soil exchangeable Al <3.0 cmol ((+)/kg, with a 10% yield reduction coinciding with a value of approximately 5.0 cmol (+)/kg. The value was lower for the Bisinella soil than the Garret soil. In the case of pH, maximum yield in both soils was evident at a soil pH of 5.0 with 90% of maximum yield being achieved at about pH 4.7. These results suggest that soil pH would be a good index for Al toxicity. The close relationships between sweet potato growth and both exchangeable Al and soil pH need to be explored further to determine whether it will hold across a wide range of acid soil groups.

scholarly journals Aluminum Resistance among Seeded Bermudagrasses

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Aluminum Resistance

Aluminum toxicity is a major limiting factor for turfgrass establishment and growth when soil pH is <5.0. Limited information on aluminum resistance is available among warm-season turfgrasses and these turfgrasses often grow in the areas with acid soil conditions. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate seeded bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) cultivars for the ability to tolerate a high level of aluminum and 2) to measure the extent of aluminum damage to the root systems. In total, 16 bermudagrass cultivars were evaluated under greenhouse conditions using a solution culture and an acid Tatum soil (Clayey, mixed, thermic, typic, Hapludult). The soil had pH 4.4% and 69% exchangeable aluminum. A concentration of 640 μm aluminum and a pH 4.0 was used for solution culture. The grasses were grown for 28 days in solution culture; 28 days in the acid Tatum soil; and 78 days in the acid Tatum soil before harvesting. Aluminum resistance was determined by measuring the longest root length, the longest shoot length, dry root weight, dry shoot weight, and shoot to root ratio in comparing the control to obtain the relative Al resistance among the cultivars. The results indicate that seeded bermudagrass cultivars differ in their aluminum resistance.

scholarly journals Water Use, Leaf Cooling and Carbon Assimilation Efficiency of Heat Resistant Common Beans Evaluated in Western Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Suárez ◽  
Milan O. Urban ◽  
Amara Tatiana Contreras ◽  
Jhon Eduar Noriega ◽  
Chetan Deva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Assimilation Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Use Efficiency

In our study, we analyzed 30years of climatological data revealing the bean production risks for Western Amazonia. Climatological profiling showed high daytime and nighttime temperatures combined with high relative humidity and low vapor pressure deficit. Our understanding of the target environment allows us to select trait combinations for reaching higher yields in Amazonian acid soils. Our research was conducted using 64 bean lines with different genetic backgrounds. In high temperatures, we identified three water use efficiency typologies in beans based on detailed data analysis on gasometric exchange. Profligate water spenders and not water conservative accessions showed leaf cooling, and effective photosynthate partitioning to seeds, and these attributes were found to be related to higher photosynthetic efficiency. Thus, water spenders and not savers were recognized as heat resistant in acid soil conditions in Western Amazonia. Genotypes such as BFS 10, SEN 52, SER 323, different SEFs (SEF 73, SEF 10, SEF 40, SEF 70), SCR 56, SMR 173, and SMN 99 presented less negative effects of heat stress on yield. These genotypes could be suitable as parental lines for improving dry seed production. The improved knowledge on water-use efficiency typologies can be used for bean crop improvement efforts as well as further studies aimed at a better understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms of heat resistance in legumes.

Response of sweet potato cultivars to acid soil infertility factors. I. Effects of solution pH on early growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Ila'ava ◽  
C. J. Asher ◽  
F. P. C. Blamey
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Solution Ph

Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is cultivated on soils varying widely in chemical properties, but relatively little is known about the effects of pH on the growth of this crop. In commercial and subsistence agriculture, sweet potato is propagated mostly from stem cuttings. This paper reports effects of a range of pH treatments (3.5–8.0) in flowing solution culture on early growth from cuttings of 15 sweet potato cultivars. Root growth was either greatly reduced or inhibited at pH 3.5. Increasing the pH to 4.0 markedly increased root development. Further increases in solution pH from 4.0 to 8.0 did not appear to affect root growth in most cultivars. Top growth in most cultivars showed a tendency to increase when pH was increased from 3.5 to 5.5 before declining with further increases in solution pH. The sweet potato cultivars studied differed widely in their tolerance to low pH, producing 16–48% of maximum top dry mass at pH 3.5. Tissue analysis from selected cultivars showed that K and Ca appeared to be limiting at pH 3.5, while P may have been deficient at pH 8.0. Results of this study indicate that low pH per se does not appear to be a major factor responsible for poor sweet potato yields in acid soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Matter on Manganese Solubility

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilene Andrade ◽  
Mário Miyazawa ◽  
Marcos A. Pavan ◽  
Edson L. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Organic Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Solubility

The objective of this study was to re-evaluate some aspects of the relative importance of organic matter on Mn solubility in acid soil conditions. Field study showed that black oats, oil seed radish, elephant grass, lupin, leucaena, and coffee leaves serving as mulch decreased Mn solubility as compared with bare soil. The decrease in Mn solubility with plant mulch was related to increase in soil moisture content. Laboratory study showed that increasing temperature from 25 to 100ºC increased Mn solubility and total soil organic carbon was little changed; from 150 to 200ºC increased both Mn solubility and organic carbon oxidation, and up to 300ºC decreased Mn solubility and stoped organic carbon oxidation . Aluminum solubility always increased with increasing temperature. Organic matter exerted a control in both Mn and Al solubilities in acid soils.

scholarly journals Acid soil tolerance of 28 soybean varieties in hydroponics and soil-based evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
Winda Puspitasari ◽  
Taufiq Bachtiar ◽  
Nur Robifahmi ◽  
Anisiyah ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Growth Evaluation

Abstract Utilization of marginal soil plays important role in improving soybean production in Indonesia. Soybean breeding program targeting high yielding varieties and tolerant to acid soils is estimated to be more cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach in improving plant productivity on acid soil. The aim of this research was to study plant response under acid soil stress and to identify tolerant and sensitive genotype which might be useful for further breeding program. The experiment was conducted using 28 soybean varieties as genetic material. The experiment was carried out in two parts, including seedling evaluation in hydroponics and plant growth evaluation in polybag using acid soil. The first experiment was arranged in factorial randomized block design, consisting of genotype, pH, and AlCl3 treatment as the factors with 5 replications. The second experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with 5 replications to identify the plant growth in different genotype and acid soil conditions. The results showed that the low pH and high Al inhibits seedlings root growth of soybean genotypes. The estimation of STI from root and shoot dry weight suggests Detam 1 as the most tolerant genotype followed by other varieties with lower level of tolerance. Plant response was different each genotype to both seedling evaluation in hydroponics and plant growth evaluation using acid soil.

Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves and Stalks from Different Sweet Potato Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1656-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meishan Li ◽  
Gwi Yeong Jang ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Koan Sik Woo ◽  
Hyun Man Sin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Chemical Compositions

scholarly journals Storage performance of Taiwanese sweet potato cultivars

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 4019-4025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Lun Huang ◽  
Wayne C. Liao ◽  
Chin-Feng Chan ◽  
Yung-Chang Lai
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Storage Performance

Analysis of accumulation and phytotoxicity mechanism of uranium and cadmium in two sweet potato cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 124997
Author(s):  
Jin-long Lai ◽  
Ze-wei Liu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Xue-gang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Potato Cultivars

scholarly journals Impacts of soil moisture level and organic matter content on growth of two Juncus species and Poa pratensis grown under acid soil conditions

Weed Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-500
Author(s):  
W Kaczmarek‐Derda ◽  
M Helgheim ◽  
J Netland ◽  
H Riley ◽  
K Wærnhus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Moisture Level
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