A preliminary testing of plant analysis procedures for the assessment of the sulfur status of oilseed rape

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Spencer ◽  
JR Freney ◽  
MB Jones
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Total Sulfur ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Sulfur Supply ◽  
Diagnostic Index

The effects of sulfur and nitrogen supply on the distribution of sulfur in oilseed rape (Brassica napus cv. Oro) grown in a sulfur-deficient soil in a glasshouse were examined to provide basic information for the development of a diagnostic test for sulfur status. Even though the traditional diagnostic indices (total sulfur and sulfate concentration) were directly related to sulfur supply and exhibited wide ranges in values between deficient and non-deficient tissue, they suffered a number of drawbacks in the case of oilseed rape. The shape of the yield/composition relationship precludes the use of either total nitrogen to total sulfur ratio or the proportion of the total sulfur present as sulfate in very young plants as indices for predicting the adequacy of sulfur supply up to first seed set. However, either index looked promising at 59 days from sowing, especially if specific plant parts were selected for analysis. For diagnosis of the current sulfur status the proportion of the total sulfur present as sulfate gave a good indication at each sampling date, and the critical value for the shoots was relatively stable with respect to age and nitrogen supply. Total nitrogen to total sulfur ratio was satisfactory as a diagnostic index for the 59-day-old plants only. Whilst the relationships established between the indices on one hand, and plant part, age and nitrogen supply on the other, should also apply in the field environment, the magnitude of the critical ratios requires confirmation for practical application.

Growing season changes in the concentration and distribution of macroelements in Willamette red raspberry plant parts

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Kowalenko
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Key Words Nitrogen

Nitrogen, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na concentrations and accumulations in Willamette red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) plant parts were measured in a field study to identify a potential plant-analysis-based method for evaluating site-specific fertilizer requirements. Dry matter and macroelements accumulated steadily in new canes over the season, increased early to a stable amount in floricane laterals and ripe berries, increased and then decreased in leaves and remained stable in stems. Macroelement accumulation patterns were generally similar to dry matter accumulations. The amounts of N and K that accumulated in ripe berries were similar and about eight times greater than P, Ca and Mg. Macroelement concentrations of floricane stems, laterals and berries were more stable than in leaves, making them potentially more suitable than leaves for developing tissue analysis for fertilizer recommendations. Key words: Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, Rubus idaeus

scholarly journals Dynamics of dry matter and selenium accumulation in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in response to organic and inorganic selenium treatments

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashmin Ebrahimi ◽  
Helinä Hartikainen ◽  
Asko Simojoki ◽  
Roghieh Hajiboland ◽  
Mervi M Seppänen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Selenium Accumulation ◽  
Inorganic Selenium ◽  
The Impact

The uptake by and subsequent translocation of selenium (Se) within the plant is dependent on its chemical from and soil properties that dictate this trace element’s bioavailability. Plant species differ in their tendency to accumulate Se. Se taken-up by plants is returned to soil in plant residues, but the bioavailability of organic Se in those residues is poorly known. We investigated the impact of inorganic (Na2SeO4), organic (Se-enriched stem and leaf residues) Se applications and also soil microbial respiration on the growth and Se concentrations of various plant organs of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) during its development from the rosette to the seed filling stage. Both inorganic and organic Se slightly improved plant growth and enhanced plant development. Inorganic Se was more bioavailable than the organic forms and resulted in 3-fold to 6-fold higher Se concentrations in the siliques. Inorganic Se in autoclaved soil tended to elevate the Se concentration in all plant parts and at all growth stages. The organic Se raised Se concentrations in plants much less effectively than the inorganic selenate. Therefore, the use of inorganic Se is still recommended for biofortification.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Supply Drives Senescence-Related Seed Storage Protein Expression in Rapeseed Leaves

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Stefan Bieker ◽  
Lena Riester ◽  
Jasmin Doll ◽  
Jürgen Franzaring ◽  
Andreas Fangmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nutrient Mobilization ◽  
Signaling Molecule

In general, yield and fruit quality strongly rely on efficient nutrient remobilization during plant development and senescence. Transcriptome changes associated with senescence in spring oilseed rape grown under optimal nitrogen supply or mild nitrogen deficiency revealed differences in senescence and nutrient mobilization in old lower canopy leaves and younger higher canopy leaves [1]. Having a closer look at this transcriptome analyses, we identified the major classes of seed storage proteins (SSP) to be expressed in vegetative tissue, namely leaf and stem tissue. Expression of SSPs was not only dependent on the nitrogen supply but transcripts appeared to correlate with intracellular H2O2 contents, which functions as well-known signaling molecule in developmental senescence. The abundance of SSPs in leaf material transiently progressed from the oldest leaves to the youngest. Moreover, stems also exhibited short-term production of SSPs, which hints at an interim storage function. In order to decipher whether hydrogen peroxide also functions as a signaling molecule in nitrogen deficiency-induced senescence, we analyzed hydrogen peroxide contents after complete nitrogen depletion in oilseed rape and Arabidopsis plants. In both cases, hydrogen peroxide contents were lower in nitrogen deficient plants, indicating that at least parts of the developmental senescence program appear to be suppressed under nitrogen deficiency.

The absorption and distribution of nitrogen after floret initiation in wheat

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Rawson ◽  
CM Donald
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Fertile Plant ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Labelled Nitrogen ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Low Nitrogen

The pattern of absorption and distribution of nitrogen after floret initiation in wheat was examined with the aid of labelled nitrogen with a view to determining the importance of sterile tillers as a source of nitrogen for the fertile parts of the plant. Tertiary tillers were found to be of no importance as direct importers of nitrogen from the growth medium; absorption by these tillers was almost entirely via the roots of the main stem and the primary tillers. In conditions of high nitrogen supply the tertiary tillers continued to receive nitrogen from the main stem and primary tillers, but the tertiary tillers of low nitrogen plants were starved of nitrogen and soon senesced. When the sterile, tertiary tillers died there was a remobilization of most of their nitrogen, apparently to the fertile parts (main stem, primary and some secondary tillers) of the plant, but a small quantity of nitrogen was also lost to the nutrient solution. It is concluded that although sterile, tertiary tillers act as a temporary nutrient reservoir for the fertile plant parts, they are in fact of little or no value and may well be regarded as a useless vestige of perenniality in the wheat plant.

Assessment of sulphur deficiency in commercial oilseed rape crops from plant analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. SARDA ◽  
S. DIQUELOU ◽  
M. ABDALLAH ◽  
N. NESI ◽  
O. CANTAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Rainfall Gradient ◽  
N Supply ◽  
S Deficiency ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
Highly Correlated

SUMMARYSulphur (S) is one of the six main macroelements required to sustain the growth of plants. Sources include soil, fertilizer and atmospheric deposition, which has been reduced by 85% over the last three decades. Risks of S deficiencies are now recognized in high S-demanding species such as Brassica napus L. With the aims of evaluating the risk of excessive or insufficient fertilization and identifying robust relationships that may be used as plant S status indicators, 57 commercial crops of oilseed rape were selected among contrasting soils and along a rainfall gradient that may affect soil S availability. Cultivation practices were investigated and the S and nitrogen (N) concentrations of soil, senescing leaves, stems and seeds were analysed. Despite an excessive organic N supply and large variation in S supply (from 0 to 112 kg S/ha), principal component analysis using 43 parameters indicated that seed yield was poorly related to N and S fertilization rates. While the N and protein-N concentrations in seeds were inversely related to oil and glucosinolate concentrations, they were linked to S and sulphate (SO42−) accumulation in the seeds. Sulphate concentrations in senescing leaves, stems or seeds could be deduced from total S concentrations, as they were positively and highly correlated. Sulphate accounted for on average 0·69 of total S in senescing leaves with minimum and maximum values of 0·007 and 0·94, which revealed conditions of limited and excess supply of S, respectively. This high variation of SO42− concentration in leaves can be interpreted as the result of its mobilization triggered by S deficiency, but cannot be used alone as an indicator of plant S status. A comparison with plants grown in controlled conditions under different S supplies suggests that the intensity of S starvation affects N metabolism, leading to NO3− (nitrate) accumulation. It is further suggested that dual evaluation of SO42− and NO3− concentrations in senescing leaves could be used at the vegetative stage as a field indicator to adjust S fertilization.

Prognosis of boron deficiency in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) by plant analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youzhang Wei ◽  
R. W. Bell ◽  
Yuai Yang ◽  
Zhengqian Ye ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
East China ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Critical Range

In areas where soils are low in boron (B), the ability to predict B deficiency by plant analysis depends on the development of calibrated standards and offers the potential of preventing or minimising losses in seed yield. The present study aimed at establishing relationships between seed yield in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and B concentrations in defined leaves during growth before fiowering and from them to determine critical values for the prognosis of B deficiency. Oilseed rape cv. Zheyouyou 2 was grown in 10 field experiments in Zhejiang province, south-east China, with B rates from 0 to 3· 3 kg/ha. At 4 of the sites, oilseed rape was resown in the following year to assess seasonal effects on critical concentrations. Experiments were conducted on the 3 main soil groups on which oilseed rape is grown in south-east China. The youngest open leaf (YOL) was selected as the sampling part because its B concentrations were strongly responsive to increasing B supply and well correlated with seed yield response. In this study, the best model of the relationship between YOL B concentration and yield was the Mitscherlich equation, which explained 68-89% of the variation in the data. The calculated critical range in the YOL at seedling stage was 20-25 mg B/kg and appeared to be valid in 2 seasons and on 3 soil types. The critical B range for prognosis of B deficiency was found to predict consistently those crops in farmers" fields that had low seed yield and low soil B, but needs to be evaluated in other growing environments especially those for spring rape.

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