Plant regeneration from mature embryo-derived callus of Australian rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diah Azria ◽  
Prem L. Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Shoot Initiation

In vitro plant regeneration from callus induced from embryos of mature seeds of 4 Australian varieties of rice was studied. Observations of callus induction on MS and N6 media indicated that MS medium supplemented with 0.5–2 mg/L of 2,4-D is suitable for callus formation from the varieties tested. Comparison of shoot initiation on medium containing BAP, BAP + NAA, and TDZ + NAA indicated that these varieties prefer BAP + NAA or TDZ + NAA in the shoot initiation medium. Partial desiccation, resulting in up to 20% loss of fresh weight of callus, significantly increased the regeneration frequency of the 4 rice varieties tested. The varieties showed varied response to number of shoots produced per callus. Regenerated shoots were rooted on plant growth regulator free medium. The plants regenerated were phenotypically normal and fertile. Our study showed that callus derived from mature embryos of these rice varieties are amenable to multiple shoot formation, and could be used for genetic transformation studies.

Regeneration of immature and mature embryos from diverse sets of wheat genotypes using media containing different auxins

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Murín ◽  
K. Mészáros ◽  
P. Nemeček ◽  
R. Kuna ◽  
J. Faragó
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Wheat Embryo ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Embryo Cultures ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The effect of explant type (immature vs. mature embryos) and two auxin types (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid vs. Dicamba) on the callogenesis and plant regeneration ability of 26 wheat cultivars was studied. In general, the callus induction, plant regeneration and shoot formation frequencies were higher in mature embryo-derived cultures as compared to immature ones on media originally developed for mature wheat embryo cultures. In both culture types, the auxin Dicamba was found to be more efficient, especially when mature embryos were cultured. The separation of means using Duncan’s multiple range test revealed the best in vitro response, in terms of the frequency of callus regeneration, in the cultivar Astella for both immature and mature embryo cultures. This cultivar gave very promising results, suggesting that it could be used in the future for further tissue culture investigations and as a donor material for genetic transformation experiments in wheat. Correlation analyses revealed significant similarities between the evaluated parameters within each group (immature and mature embryo-derived cultures). However, there were no significant correlations between these two groups for most of the parameters. This suggests that the mechanism of plant regeneration in the two in vitro regeneration systems (mature vs. immature embryo culture) may be different enough to hamper the development of an optimal plant regeneration protocol for use in both systems.

scholarly journals High Frequency Plant Regeneration of Musa paradisiaca cv. Karibale Monthan

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shashi Kumar ◽  
V. Krishna ◽  
. Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Shoot Initiation

High frequency plant regeneration protocol has been standardized from banana cultivar Musa paradisiaca cv. Karibale Monthan, an endemic cultivar of Malnad region of Karnataka. The fruits are used as glomerular protective to solve kidney problems. To minimize the microbial contamination and to promote healthy growth, explants were treated with 70 % absolute alcohol for 6 min, 0.1 % Mercuric chloride for 10 min and 0.2 % for 10 min, 1 % Sodium hypochlorite for 15 min, 0.1 % Cefotaxime for 5 min and 0.05 % Gentamicin for 5 min. The high frequency shoot initiation (93.33 %) was recorded at 5 mg/l BAP. The synergetic effect of BAP (4 to 6 mg/l), TDZ (0.1 to 1.2 mg/l) and coconut water (0.1 to 0.9 ml/l) induced multiple shoot buds and it was optimized at the concentration of 5 mg/l BAP, 0.5 mg/l TDZ and 0.5 ml/l coconut water with 15.90 ± 1.66 frequency of shoots per propagule. Supplementation of 1.0 mg/l IBA induced 5.33 ± 1.21 numbers of roots with a mean root length of 7.50 ± 1.87 roots. The 99% of plantlets with distinct roots and shoots were successfully acclimatized in the green house and transferred to the field to evaluate the agro-morphological variations. The weight of the bunch (kg), number of hands in a bunch, number of fingers in a hand, length of the finger (cm), girth of the finger (cm) and girth of the pseudostem (cm) exhibited by in vitro plants were higher than the in vivo plants.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 202-209 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12536 

scholarly journals In-Vitro Mass Propagation of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Dutt Shukla ◽  
Nabin Bhattarai ◽  
Bijaya Pant
Keyword(s):  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) Dunal] is an important medicinal plant and a major source of alkaloids and steroids (withanolids), which is regularly used in pharmaceutical industries. Various vegetative parts were studied for its mass propagation through tissue culture technique. Seeds were pretreated with GA3 (50 and 100 mgl-1) for 24 h and 80% germination was achieved. All the explants were taken from in-vitro germinated plant. Among the different explants tested, multiple shoot formation was achieved from shoot-tip and nodal explants in MS medium + 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mgl-1 kinetin. Nodal explants were selected for mass propagation protocol because it formed maximum number of shoots (16.25 shoots per explant) on MS medium + 1mgl-1 kinetin after eight weeks of culture. Increase in concentration of kinetin was most effective for callus formation. For further multiplication these shoots were sub-cultured on MS +0.5 mgl-1 kinetin. Presence of IAA at 0.5 mgl-1 was most effective medium for rooting of in-vitro propagated shoots. However, hardening was not achieved for these propagated plants. Key words: IAA; IBA; NAA; kinetin; in-vitro multiplication DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4131Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 101-106

scholarly journals In Vitro Direct Organogenesis Using Mature Embryo With Cotyledons In Chickpea

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ali Ammar ◽  
Mahmood Ayyaz ◽  
Ahsan Irshad ◽  
Syeda Farhana Bukhari ◽  
Ghulam Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Multiple Shoot Induction ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

The present study was conducted to find out an in vitro efficient method for multiple shoot regeneration of two local chickpea varieties. The mature embryos were excised of two chickpea varieties i.e. Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 (with cotyledon and without cotyledon) used as explants. The explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with three concentrations of (2, 3, 4 mg/l) 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) using explant with and without cotyledon. Further, 0.5 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) along with varied concentrations of BAP (2, 3, 4 mg/ l) was also tested using explant with cotyledon. 3 mg/l BAP alone and 3 mg/l BAP with 0.5 mg/l NAA were found the most effective cytokinin in multiple shoot induction in both tested varieties. Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 showed 82% and 76% elongation in shoots induction with 0.2 mg/l Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Root formation was recorded 80% and 60% in Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 with 1.0 mg/l Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Whereas, recorded root formation was 40 and 20% in Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 with 1.0 mg/l NAA. The best response for rooting observed in Bittle-98 as its roots were thick, long and strong. Plantlets of Bittle-98 were acclimatized in solid medium for 7-14 days. The successful invitro regeneration of Bittle-98 was observed, when excised embryo with cotyledon were used as explant, made it valuable for genetic transformation.

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Micropropagation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Gudiene and Belete Varieties from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sunil Tulshiram Hajare ◽  
Nitin Mahendra Chauhan ◽  
Girum Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Initiation ◽  
Lateral Bud

Aim. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the important crops in Ethiopia which has a crucial role in nutritional security, poverty alleviation, and income generation. The aim of the present investigation is to develop an efficient in vitro propagation protocol for Belete and Gudiene potato varieties by using lateral bud as explants. Materials and Methods. Shoot initiation was achieved by inoculating buds on full-strength MS Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) fortified with variable concentrations of BAP and NAA. Basal MS was used as control throughout the experiment. Results. Results of our study showed that best shoot initiation was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 3.0 mg/l NAA for Gudiene variety, whereas 1.0 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l NAA produced more shoots in Belete variety. The initiated shoots increased two- to three-fold upon subculture on the MS medium fortified with varying concentrations of BAP and Kinetin. The highest numbers of multiple shoots were obtained in the MS medium containing 2.5 mg/l Kinetin. The combined effect of BAP and Kinetin did not produce any additional positive effect for shoot multiplication. Rooting percentage and number of roots/shoot were found best on the MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l IBA + 0.5 IAA. Conclusions. The variety Gudiene was found best for shoot initiation and root formation, while Belete variety proved its superiority for multiple shoot formation. A total number of 82.66% of plantlets were acclimatized under field conditions. This work indicates the practical applicability of plant tissue culture using lateral bud as explants is effective for micropropagation of potato in vitro.

scholarly journals DAYA REGENERASI KALUS DAN TUNAS IN VITRO PADI VARIETAS TARABAS PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI 2,4-D

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Wahyu Indra Duwi Fanata ◽  
Dalliyah Hadrotul Qudsiyah
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Japonica Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Regeneration Rate

In Vitro Callus and Plant Regeneration Rate of Tarabas Rice on Several Concentrations of 2,4-D The Agricultural Research and Development Agency and the West Java Provincial Government are developing new superior varieties with Japonica rice standards, namely the Tarabas variety. However, the equivalence of somatic embryogenesis ability of Tarabas rice with original Japonica variety has not been reported. In this study, the frequency of callus regeneration of Tarabas vs Hwayoung rice varieties was compared. Induction of callus from mature embryos with several concentrations of 2,4-D showed the same extent of callus formation in both rice varieties. Callus induced by 1 ppm of 2,4-D showed the higher rate of shoot formation. On the other hand, percentage of callus formation of Tarabas rice was not affected by the increase of 2,4-D concentrations and was able to show 100% regeneration rate  at the fourth week in the regeneration medium, although the shoot growth was not as fast as those from medium with 1 ppm 2,4-D. Therefore, these results suggest that Tarabas variety has a somatic embryogenesis capacity equivalent to that of japonica rice and has the potential as research objects in the field of biotechnology. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian serta Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat mengembangkan varietas unggul baru dengan standar padi Japonica yaitu varietas Tarabas. Namun, kesetaraan varietas Tarabas dengan varietas Japonica asli dalam kemampuan embriogenesis somatik belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini membandingkan respons kultur jaringan antara beras Tarabas dan padi Japonica varietas Hwayoung. Induksi kalus dari embrio matang dengan beberapa konsentrasi 2,4-D menunjukkan respons pembentukan kalus yang sama pada kedua varietas padi. Kalus yang diinduksi 1 ppm 2,4-D menunjukkan laju pembentukan tunas yang lebih tinggi. Di sisi lain, kalus Hwayoung yang diinduksi konsentrasi 2,4-D yang lebih tinggi menunjukkan penghambatan dalam pembentukan tunas. Di lain pihak, pembentukan kalus padi Tarabas tidak terpengaruh oleh peningkatan konsentrasi 2,4-D dan mampu menunjukkan 100% laju regenerasi tanaman pada minggu keempat di media regenerasi walaupun pertumbuhan tunas tidak secepat pada perlakuan 1 ppm 2,4-D. Karena itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa varietas Tarabas memiliki kapasitas embriogenesis somatik yang setara dengan padi japonica dan padi Tarabas mempunyai potensi sebagai obyek penelitian di bidang bioteknologi.

scholarly journals Effect of Genotypes and Sugar Type on Callus Formation and Plant Regeneration Derived from Mature Grains of Egyptian Rice (Oryza sativa L.)Varieties

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
M. Abd El-Ghany M. Abd El-Ghany
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Breeding Programs

The main objective of the present study was to determine the highest regenerable Egyptian rice cultivars and the best source of carbohydrates. Three medium protocols had been used to determine the in vitro culture response of mature dehusked grains in five Egyption rice cultivars. Factorial experiment in CRD design with ten replications was used to analyze the data. The obtained results showed that in vitro traits were highly significantly affected by genotypes and the interaction between medium protocols and genotypes. Whereas, medium protocols had different effects on the in vitro traits. The results also indicated that the shoot formation (%) and number of shoots per callus traits were highly significantly affected by genotypes, medium protocols and the interaction between medium protocols and genotypes. In conclusion, the cultivars, Sakha 103 and Sakha 104 could be successfully utilized in breeding programs for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance at the cellular level, because of their high frequency of shoot formation on the medium protocol C.

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