Effect of vitamin B12b injections on the growth of young Merino sheep

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Hannam ◽  
GJ Judson ◽  
DJ Reuter ◽  
LD McLaren ◽  
JD McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Vitamin B12b ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Cobalt Deficiency ◽  
Oral Doses

In two experiments near Robe in the south-east of South Australia, on soil highly prone to the occurrence of cobalt deficiency in sheep, the effect of injections of vitamin B12b (hydroxocobalamin) on grossly cobalt-deficient weaner sheep and suckling lambs was compared with the effect of oral doses of cobalt as liquid drenches or ruminal pellets. All the supplements used were effective in treating cobalt-deficient weaned sheep or preventing the onset of cobalt deficiency in lambs. A single injection of vitamin B12b (1 mg), under the conditions of these experiments, satisfied the requirements of lambs for 14 weeks and cobalt-deficient weaner sheep for up to 40 weeks. The use of vitamin B12b in preventing or correcting cobalt deficiency in sheep in the field is discussed. Serum vitamin B12b concentration was not a reliable indicator of the vitamin B12b status of young sheep which had been given single injections of vitamin B12b. Vitamin B12b, deficiency in sheep was associated withdecreased concentrations of blood haemoglobin and of glucose, total proteins, urea and cholesterol in blood serum. The activities of serum aspartate transminase and alkaline phosphatase did not appear to be affected by the vitamin B12b status of the sheep.

Combinations of nonlabeled, 125I-Labeled, and Anti-Idiotypic Antiplacental Alkaline Phosphatase Monoclonal Antibodies at Experimental Radioimmunotargeting

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rossi Norrlund ◽  
D. Holback ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
S.-O. Hietala ◽  
K. Riklund Åhlström
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Placental Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cell Line Hela ◽  
High Level

Purpose: Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is a membrane-bound oncofetal antigen that can be used for radioimmunotargeting. Preinjection of nonlabeled monoclonal anti-PLAP antibody (H7) and postinjection of monoclonal anti-idiotypic anti-PLAP antibody (αPH7) were used in order to improve the localization efficacy of 125I-labeled H7 Material and Methods: A human cervix adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa Hep 2) was inoculated subcutaneously in 24 nude mice. Repeated quantitative radioimmunoscintigraphic recordings were performed on 27 occasions in each of the 24 mice during the observation period which lasted for nearly 3 months. the tumor and nontumor doses were calculated according to the Medical International Radiation Dose Committee formula on the basis of the scintigraphic data Results: All tumors were clearly visualized as early as one day after injection of 125I-labeled H7. the remaining radioactivity was exclusively located in the tumors at days 30–81. as much as 12–16% of the injected dose/g accumulated in the tumors during the first 2 days after injection, and remained stable at this high level for approximately 10 days in all investigated groups. Radioactivity in the whole body was rapidly eliminated during the same time period. the highest tumor/nontumor dose ratio was obtained after a single injection of 125I-labeled H7 Conclusion: Neither a preinjection of nonlabeled H7 nor a postinjection of αPH7 nor a combination of both strategies resulted in improved tumor/nontumor dose ratios compared to a single injection of labeled H7. the monoclonal antibody H7 has a rapid and high uptake, combined with a prolonged retention time in the tumors. the kinetic properties of H7 are different from antibodies targeting intracellular tumor antigens

scholarly journals Thecomparisonofserumbiomarkersin patients with osteoarthritisand rheumatoidarthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Almandlawi S G ◽  
Ahmed A S
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Serum Vitamin D

Introduction: This study aims to assess the status of serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, type II collagen, calcium, phosphate,albumin, and alkaline phosphatase in osteoarthritis and rheumatoidarthritis patients and to study their association with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. Materials and Methods: This prospectivecross-sectional study was conducted at the clinical analysis department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University in 2017.They study samples were collected at Rizgary Teaching Hospitalduring the period September 2015 to January 2016. A total of(N=156) participants were included: (N=53) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), (N=53) with osteoarthritis (OA), and (N=50)healthy controls. Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay kits determined serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and type II collagen; and serum albumin, calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase, were determined by standard colorimetric methods. Resultsand Discussion: Statistically significant higher levels of parathyroid hormone and type II collagen, with lower levels of Vitamin D,were found in the osteoarthritis group than the rheumatoid arthritisgroup and the healthy controls (P=0.007, P<0.001, P= 0.005) respectively. Multiple linear regression showed a statistically significant difference in serum type II collagen as a dependent variable, inpatients suffering from RA or OA compared to the healthy controlgroup; after adjusting for the effect of other independent studyvariables, there was a mean increase of (45.90 nmol/L, P<0.001)in RA patients, and OA patients showed greater levels of type IIcollagen (73.950 nmol/L) than the health control group (P<0.001).Conclusions: Elevated type II collagen levels, in conjunction witha low vitamin D status, may be strong discriminator between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Inheritance of congenital goitre due to a thyroid defection in Merino sheep

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
GME Mayo ◽  
CJ Mulhern
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Variable Expressivity ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
High Penetrance ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Gene

An analysis of data from 599 Merino sheep has provided clear evidence that a condition of goitre, existing on 26 properties spread throughout the more closely settled parts of South Australia, is simply inherited. It is suggested that the condition is due to the action of an autosomal recessive gene whose action shows high penetrance and variable expressivity, and is accompanied by manifold phenotypic effects themselves equally variable in expression. This suggestion accords well with biochemical studies of goitrous sheep taken from among this sample. This study is continuing.

scholarly journals Serum biochemistry of 4-day-old ostriches (Struthio camelus)

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata L. Miranda ◽  
Antonio V. Mundim ◽  
Álisson S. Costa ◽  
Ruyther V. Guimarães ◽  
Frederico O.C. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Males And Females

An analysis was made of 30 four-day-old ostriches to evaluate their protein, metabolite, mineral, and serum enzyme profiles, to correlate them with the birds' sex. The values obtained were: Total proteins 3.59±0.72g/dL, albumin 1.04±0.14g/dL, globulins 2.51±0.56g/dL, A:G ratio 0.43± 0.07, total cholesterol 615.10±101.15mg/dL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 132.72±20.33mg/dL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 454.93±90.81mg/dL, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) 27.45±9.96mg/dL, triglycerides 137.23±49.78mg/dL, uric acid 6.24±2.15mg/dL, urea 18.27±12.33mg/dL, creatinine 0.30±0.04mg/dL, total calcium 9.38± 0.76mg/dL, ionized calcium 7.17±0.64mg/dL, phosphorus 6.96±0.91mg/dL, Ca:P ratio 1.37±0.21, iron 24.74±13.02µg/dL, sodium 142.03±6.17mEq/L, chlorides 109.59± 4.99mEq/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 200.67±31.42 U/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 3.90±1.92 U/L, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) 1.18±0.73 U/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 597.30± 231.36 U/L, and creatine kinase (CK) 2348.30±755.60 U/L. Males and females showed significant differences in total proteins, globulins, alkaline phosphatase, A:G ratio, and uric acid.

Evaluation of Toxic Effects following Administration of Monoclonal Antibody MBr1 in Patients with Breast Cancer

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natale Cascinelli ◽  
Roberto Doci ◽  
Filiberto Belli ◽  
Maurizio Nava ◽  
Raffaele Marolda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Initial Dosage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Articular Pain

Twelve patients with disseminated breast cancer were injected with monoclonal antibody MBr1 at the National Cancer Institute of Milan, Italy, from January 1983 to March 1985. The first seven patients had advanced disease and the remaining five operable breast cancer. In the first seven patients the initial dosage of MBr1 was 0.5 mg and was doubled in the next patient up to 16 mg. The last five women received 10 mg of MBr1. No general side effects such as broncospasm, hypotension, immediate or delayed allergic reactions were observed. Four patients who were injected with 10 mg or more experienced fever, shudder and vague abdominal and articular pain. The following tests were monitored: R.B.C., W.B.C., percentage of lymphocytes, blood glucose, urenitrogen and creatinine, serum levels of Na+, K+, Cl–, total proteins levels, albumins and globulins, bilirubin, GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, amylase, γGT and CPK. No major modifications were observed: a limited increase of the transaminases, LDH and γGT was evident at the last check. An early temporary alteration of CPK was observed in the four patients who had symptoms. Serum levels of MBr1 are detectable immediately after injection starting from 4 mg, and all sera were negative 48 hours later. It is concluded that the scanty toxicity allows to continue clinical investigations to verify the linkage between MBr1 and Ca-MBr1 « in vivo » after a single injection of no more than 16 mg of the MoAb. The increase of this dosage as well as multiple injections do not seem safe at present.

Some functional manifestations of the protein depletion of sheep tissues

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Masters ◽  
DJ Horgan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ability ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Urinary Volume ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Sequential Measurement ◽  
Low Energy Diet

In order to elucidate the alterations in tissue function of Merino sheep feeding on a low protein, low energy diet, the sequential measurement of a number of clinical parameters has been performed. Emphasis has been directed to the protein storage tissues, and the following indices were measured: bromsulphthalein clearance; serum levels of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, total cholesterol, cholesterol esters, total proteins, electrophoretic protein fractions, and urea; urinary volume, and urine creatine, creatinine, and urea. Alterations in these indices were consistent with a marked degree of liver dysfunction occurring after several weeks on the experimental diet. No significant changes were apparent in the functional ability of kidney or muscle.

Detection of cobalt deficiency in lactating heifers and their calves

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Quirk ◽  
B. W. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Cobalt Deficiency

SummaryResponses in live weight, milk production and calf growth to cobalt supplementation of groups of three and four pregnant heifers were measured to assess the value of serum vitamin B12 concentrations and the urinary concentrations of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and formiminoglutamic acid (FIGLU) for the detection of cobalt deficiency in cattle.The administration of cobalt bullets to pregnant heifers, grazing pastures containing between 0·03 and 0·05 mg/kg cobalt, had no effect on either their live-weight change or milk production, or on the birth weight of their calves. MMA and FIGLU concentrations in the urine of unsupplemented heifers were low for the majority of the experimental period, although the concentrations of vitamin B12 in their serum (< 100 pg/ml) were in the range usually considered indicative of cobalt deficiency.Calves from unsupplemented heifers had lower growth rates during the first 3 months of life and this was associated with intakes of 0·24–0·46 μg/day of vitamin B12 from milk, only 1–3% of those received by calves from supplemented heifers. Poor growth was associated with high urinary FIGLU concentrations, which increased from 500 to 2000 μmol/l between 1 and 3 months of age but decreased to less than 100 μmol/l between 3 and 4·5 months of age. Urinary FIGLU was a more reliable indicator of vitamin B12 deficiency in suckled calves than was urinary MMA, elevated levels of which were observed only at 3 months of age. The concentration of vitamin B12 in the serum of calves from unsupplemented heifers was consistently less than 100 pg/ml, but was not a reliable indicator of their functional vitamin B12 status, as judged by urinary concentrations of FIGLU and/or MMA.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of Monotheca buxifolia fruit against antitubercular drugs-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Jamshaid Ali Khan ◽  
Achyut Adhikari ◽  
Muhammad Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Monotheca Buxifolia

<p class="Abstract">The present study investigates the hepatoprotective potential of <em>Monotheca buxifolia</em> fruit hydro-ethanolic extract, against isoniazid- and rifampicin- induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Phytochemical investigations lead to the isolation of oleanolic acid and isoquercetin. Pretreatment with <em>M. buxifolia</em> extract at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg for 21 days, restored the isoniazid- and rifampicin-induced elevation of serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (p&lt;0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (p&lt;0.001 and p&lt;0.05), alkaline phosphatase (p&lt;0.001), billirubin (p&lt;0.001) and total proteins (p&lt;0.001) as well as afforded significant protection against histopathological changes in the liver. From these results, it is conceivable that <em>M. buxifolia</em> exhibited selective protective effect against isoniazid- and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity, mediated through the presence of oleanolic acid and isoquercetin.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Bilateral atypical femoral fractures during denosumab therapy in a patient with adult-onset hypophosphatasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle M Warren ◽  
Peter R Ebeling ◽  
Vivian Grill ◽  
Ego Seeman ◽  
Shoshana Sztal-Mazer
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Antiresorptive Therapy ◽  
Atypical Femoral Fractures ◽  
Asfotase Alfa ◽  
Low Serum

Summary Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare and under-recognised genetic defect in bone mineralisation. Patients presenting with fragility fractures may be mistakenly diagnosed as having osteoporosis and prescribed antiresorptive therapy, a treatment which may increase fracture risk. Adult-onset HPPhypophosphatasia was identified in a 40-year-old woman who presented with bilateral atypical femoral fractures after 4 years of denosumab therapy. A low serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and increased serum vitamin B6 level signalled the diagnosis, which was later confirmed by identification of two recessive mutations of the ALPL gene. The patient was treated with teriparatide given the unavailability of ALP enzyme-replacement therapy (asfotase alfa). Fracture healing occurred, but impaired mobility persisted. HPP predisposes to atypical femoral fracture (AFF) during antiresorptive therapy; hence, bisphosphonates and denosumab are contraindicated in this condition. Screening patients with fracture or ‘osteoporosis’ to identify a low ALP level is recommended. Learning points Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare and under-recognised cause of bone fragility produced by impaired matrix mineralisation that can be misdiagnosed as a fragility fracture due to age-related bone loss. Antiresorptive therapy is contraindicated in HPP. Low serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) provides a clue to the diagnosis. Elevated serum vitamin B6 (an ALP substrate) is indicative of HPP, while identification of a mutation in the ALPL gene is confirmatory. Enzyme therapy with recombinant ALP (asfotase alfa) is currently prohibitively costly. Treatment with anabolic bone agents such as teriparatide has been reported, but whether normally mineralized bone is formed requires further study.

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