Ecto- and endoparasitic effects on the growth rates of Zebu crossbred and British cattle in the field

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
GW Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
Breed Differences

The effect of natural infestations of internal parasites (Cooperia species, Haemonchuspbcei, Oesophagostomum radiatum, and Trichostrongylus axei) and the cattle tick Boophilus microplus on the growth rate from weaning to 21 months of age of 93 F3 Africander x Hereford and Shorthorn (AX), Brahman x Hereford and Shorthorn (BX), and Hereford x Shorthorn (British) was studied. All animals were weighed, ticks counted, faeces sampled, and the animals treated at fortnightly intervals. Faecal egg counts were used as an index of internal parasite burdens, and tick infestations assessed according to the number of females between 0.45 and 0.8 cm in length on one complete side of the animal. Breed differences for the internal parasitic burdens were small and were only significant (P<. 0.05) for O. radiatum. The BX cattle carried the highest burdens. The BX cattle were significantly more resistant to tick infestations than the AX group, which in turn were significantly more resistant than the British group. Males carried significantly more ticks than females. Parasites had little or no effect on gains while the animals were gaining weight rapidly, and it was only after a cessation of gains due to deteriorating pasture conditions that significant treatment effects became evident. Treatment had the largest effect on the British and very little effect on the BX group. Regressions of gains on parasitic burdens within treatments were all negative. The repeatabilities of a series of egg counts for the species were significant, Haemonchus egg counts having the highest repeatabilities. Correlations between egg counts of Cooperia spp and 0. radiatum, and H. placei and T. axei were significant (r = 0.82, P < 0.001; and r = 0.23, P < 0.05). Internal parasites significantly depressed packed red cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, and plasma protein levels. There were significant negative correlations of egg counts of O. radiatum with haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of the Zebu crossbreds (r = 0.46 and v = 0.47, P < 0.01).

Red cell volume and blood volume in beef cattle

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Springell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Confounding Effect ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Cell Volumes

Twenty-four steers, comprising British (Herefords and Hereford x Shorthorn crosses), Zebu (Africander), and Zebu cross (British x Brahman or Africander) breeds, were maintained either on pasture or yarded, and fed on diets of a low and a high nutritional value. Blood volumes were determined on five occasions at intervals of 3 months by the 51Cr labelling technique, plasma and red cell volumes being then derived from the venous haematocrit. The blood plasma, and red cell volumes are all very significantly, correlated with, and represent respectively 4.97, 3.27, and 1.70% of, the fasting body weight. To avoid the confounding effect of body weight, the parameters are expressed as "contents", i.e, in terms of volume per kilogram fasting body weight. In the grazing group breed differences were generally absent. This may in part be due to the fact that the Zebu crossbreds belonged mostly to the F2 and partly to the F3 generation. In the yarded group, where F1 crossbreds were compared with British steers, breed differences were more frequent. British steers tended to have higher plasma contents, but lower red cell contents and haematocrits. Nutrition had no effect on plasma contents, but good nutrition was generally associated with higher haematocrits, as well as with elevated blood and red cell contents. Seasonal differences were in evidence, and all parameters generally reached minimal values in winter or spring. The significance of these findings in relation to adaptation to a tropical environment is discussed. The haematocrit does not necessarily reflect changes in the red cell volume. There is also some indication that the water and plasma contents may be related. The possible usefulness of the red cell volume for predicting the body composition is discussed.

Alterations in Host Metabolism by the Specific and Anorectic Effects of the Cattle Tick (Boophilus Microplus) III. Metabolic Implication of Blood Volume Body Water and Carcass Composition Changes

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Springell ◽  
JC O'kelly ◽  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Specific Effect ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Anorectic Effect ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Cell Volumes

Plasma and red cell volumes were determined and the amounts of circulating metabolites deduced following heavy B. microplus infestation of Hereford steers fed a high quality diet. The experiment was designed to separate out effects of the cattle tick on host metabolism caused by reduced food intake ("anorectic effect"), and by other factors ("specific effect"). The specific effect caused a depression of the red cell volume and of the amounts of circulating haemoglobin, albumin, and total cholesterol and increases in the amount of circulating globulin. Anorectic effects were not significant.

scholarly journals Effect of Halothane and Enflurane Anaesthesia on the Level of Reduced Glutathione in Human Red Blood Cells

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Agar ◽  
G. B. H. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Enflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Before And After

No significant changes were found in packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red cell glutathione levels in patients before and after anaesthesia with halothane or enflurane. These results, though unable to explain the mechanism, support the earlier suggestion that glutathione plays little, if any, role in protecting liver against toxic effects of these anaesthetic agents or their metabolites.

Genetic and Environmental Effects on Blood Cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M.D. Dal Colletto ◽  
D.W. Fulker ◽  
O.C. de O. Barretto ◽  
M. Kolya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Twin Analysis ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Red Cell Count

AbstractIn a sample of 105 concordant sex MZ and DZ twin pairs, the following characteristics were measured: red cell count, haemoglobin concentration, package cell volume, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, reticulocytes, platelets, white cell count and the six types of leucocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, band and segmented neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. The statistical model employed in the univariate twin analysis allows for three sources of variation: genetic (h2), shared environmental (c2) and specific environmental influences (e2). A genetic component was significant for red cell count, haemoglobin and mean cell haemoglobin (0.64, 0.60 and 0.46 respectively), with heritable variation suggested for package cell volume, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, lymphocytes and monocytes. Shared environmental variation was only present for neutrophils.

scholarly journals Effects of Age, Breed and Sex on Haematological Parameters of Growing Omani Goat Breeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Nur El Huda I. Osman ◽  
Rashid M. Al-Busaidi ◽  
Eugene H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Sixty seven healthy growing goat kids of three Omani breeds, born and raised in Sultan Qaboos University Agricultural Experiment Station, were used to study the effects of age, breed and sex on haematological parameters. Blood samples were collected at several times from the first to 25 weeks to study the following parameters: Red Blood Cells (RBCs), White Blood Cells (WBCs), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH). At birth, MCV and MCH levels were significantly higher in Batina (BAT) kids than both Jabal Akhdar (JA) and Dhofari (DOF), but there were no breed differences in the rest of the haematological values. There were significant breed differences in RBC, MCH, WBC, MCV at different ages, with Hb and PCV being highly significant at all ages. All blood parameters changed with time but showed different patterns in all breeds. There was no effect of sex on RBC, MCHC, PCV, Hb or WBC, but female kids had significantly higher MCH and MCV values at week 12. This study indicates that haematology parameters in Omani goat kids could be affected by age, breed and sex.  

scholarly journals Erythropoietin treatment elevates haemoglobin concentration by increasing red cell volume and depressing plasma volume

2006 ◽  
Vol 578 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Lundby ◽  
Jonas Juhl Thomsen ◽  
Robert Boushel ◽  
Maria Koskolou ◽  
Jørgen Warberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Erythropoietin Treatment

scholarly journals Interrelationships of Erythrocyte Characters and Other Characters of British and Zebu Crossbred Beef Cattle

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Evans ◽  
HG Turner
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Haemoglobin Level ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Haemoglobin Type ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Red Cell Count

The following red cell characters were studied in a herd of 217 calves repre-senting Brahman cross, Africander cross, Grade Brahman, and British (Hereford X Shorthorn) breeding, and in their dams: packed cell volume, haemoglobin level, red cell count, fragility, potassium and sodium concentrations, catalase activity, and haemoglobin type. There were distinct breed differences. In some characters, e.g. packed cell volume and potassium concentration, Africander cross were inter-mediate between Brahman cross and British, whereas in others, e.g. fragility and catalase activity, they were indistinguishable from British. Within breeds, the characters showed highly repeatable differences between animals and high herita-bilities.

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