Nodulation and nitrogen fixation by Vigna sinensis and Vicia atropurpurea: The influence of concentration, form, and site of application of combined nitrogen

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Dart ◽  
DC Wildon
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Nitrogen Compound ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Root Nodulation ◽  
Combined Nitrogen

Nitrogen fixation by Vigna sinesis nodulated effectively either by Rhizobium strain QA323 or by strain CB441 is little restricted by applications at sowing of ammonium nitrate up to 24 mg nitrogen per plant. The growth patterns of these two associations are differentially affected by nitrogen level, and are both considerably different from that of unnodulated plants given combined nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation by V. sinensis-strain SU318 may be stimulated by small doses of combined nitrogen at sowing, but for Vicia atvopurpurea all the combined nitrogen levels used in these experiments depressed fixation. Primary root nodulation of V. atropurpurea by the effective Rhizobium strain V27E and the ineffective strain NA6, and of V. sinensis by the effective Rhizobium strain SU318, is influenced by the form and amount of the nitrogen compound applied (ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, or urea), and that of V. atropurpurea is also influenced by the Rhizobium strain. These forms of combined nitrogen restrict primary root nodulation on both hosts similarly except that urea has little effect on V. atuopurpurea. In both species many more nodules formed on the secondary roots than on the primary, but numbers of secondary root nodules are little affected by the combined nitrogen. Immersion of the first leaves of V. sinensis seedlings in solutions of combined nitrogen depressed nodulation, but urea slightly increased the dry weight of tops.

Factors involved in the amelioration of retarded symbiosis in Tinaroo glycine

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Diatloff
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Envelope Membranes

Root nodules formed on Tinaroo glycine (Glycine wightii) were slow to pigment and begin fixing nitrogen. Various carbon and nitrogen compounds enhanced nodule pigmentation, the greening of the plants, and the rate of nitrogen fixation at 42 days. Of these inositol, glucose, ammonium nitrate (as both foliar and root applications) and coconut milk were most effective. Riboflavin, sodium glutamate and nodule infusion had little effect. There were no structural differences between nodules enhanced respectively by glucose and ammonium nitrate. Nodules on control plants showed slow development of the bacteroids and envelope membranes, with copious starch accumulation in uninvaded host cells. It was concluded that the retarded symbiosis in formed nodules was due initially to tardy nodule formation depleting the nitrogen reserves in the seeds before nitrogen fixation began. Because of the interaction of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, self-regeneration of nitrogen fixation in chlorotic plants was slow without an external stimulus. It is suggested that by selecting lines of the legume with larger seeds or by incorporating nitrogen in seed pellets the problem might be overcome.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Paraburkholderia sp. UYCP14C, a Rhizobium Strain Isolated from Root Nodules of Calliandra parvifolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Langleib ◽  
Martín Beracochea ◽  
María Zabaleta ◽  
Federico Battistoni ◽  
José Sotelo-Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Content Type

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of strain UYCP14C, a rhizobium isolated from Calliandra parvifolia nodules. The assembled genome size was around 9.8 million bp, containing 9,031 predicted protein-coding sequences, including several symbiotic and nitrogen fixation genes.

The effect of growth temperature, level of ammonium nitrate, and light intensity on the growth and nodulation of cowpea (Vigna sinensis endl. ex hassk.)

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Dart ◽  
FV Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Root Nodulation ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The nodulation and growth of cowpea plants (Vigna sinensis Endl. ex Hassk. var. Poona), grown in the CERES phytotron glasshouses, were examined. The plants were grown under six controlled temperature regimes (21, 24, 27, 30, 33, or 36°C day temperature) with ammonium nitrate (NH4N03) additions of 0, 10, 30, and 90 mg nitrogen per pot of six plants; and were grown either under natural daylight or under natural daylight reduced in intensity by one-third by mesh screens. Primary root nodulation was significantly affected by temperature, NH4NO3 level, and light intensity, with an optimum temperature of 24°C. Secondary root nodulation was also affected by light intensity and temperature, but the nodulation pattern (with an optimum temperature of 33°) was almost the inverse of the primary root pattern. Temperature significantly influenced the fresh weight of nodules per plant and the nodule size, with a lesser effect of the NH4NO3 level. Plant dry weight production (tops and roots) was governed by the temperature, NH4NO3 level, and light intensity, the maximum total dry weight being produced at 27°C. Temperature, light intensity, and NH4NO3 level all influenced the plant combined- nitrogen uptake. The nodule leghaemoglobin concentration was significantly reduced at the two extreme temperatures 21° and 36°C. Temperature also markedly affected the nodule structure – particularly the distribution of starch within the nodule.

scholarly journals Influence of PRE-emergence herbicides on soybean development, root nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 105576
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo Vidal Ribeiro ◽  
Lucas Gontijo Silva Maia ◽  
Nicholas John Arneson ◽  
Maxwel Coura Oliveira ◽  
Harry Wood Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Nodulation

scholarly journals Mutation in the ntrR Gene, a Member of the vap Gene Family, Increases the Symbiotic Efficiency of Sinorhizobium meliloti

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boglárka Oláh ◽  
Erno Kiss ◽  
Zoltán Györgypál ◽  
Judit Borzi ◽  
Gyöngyi Cinege ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Nifh Gene ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Symbiotic Efficiency ◽  
Host Interactions

In specific plant organs, namely the root nodules of alfalfa, fixed nitrogen (ammonia) produced by the symbiotic partner Sinorhizobium meliloti supports the growth of the host plant in nitrogen-depleted environment. Here, we report that a derivative of S. meliloti carrying a mutation in the chromosomal ntrR gene induced nodules with enhanced nitrogen fixation capacity, resulting in an increased dry weight and nitrogen content of alfalfa. The efficient nitrogen fixation is a result of the higher expression level of the nifH gene, encoding one of the subunits of the nitrogenase enzyme, and nifA, the transcriptional regulator of the nif operon. The ntrR gene, controlled negatively by its own product and positively by the symbiotic regulator syrM, is expressed in the same zone of nodules as the nif genes. As a result of the nitrogen-tolerant phenotype of the strain, the beneficial effect of the mutation on efficiency is not abolished in the presence of the exogenous nitrogen source. The ntrR mutant is highly competitive in nodule occupancy compared with the wild-type strain. Sequence analysis of the mutant region revealed a new cluster of genes, termed the “ntrPR operon,” which is highly homologous to a group of vap-related genes of various pathogenic bacteria that are presumably implicated in bacterium-host interactions. On the basis of its favorable properties, the strain is a good candidate for future agricultural utilization.

scholarly journals NITROGEN FIXATION BY EXCISED SOY BEAN ROOT NODULES

1954 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
M.H. Aprison ◽  
Wayne E. Magee ◽  
R.H. Burris
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Bean Root

scholarly journals Multimodal Spectroscopic Imaging of Pea Root Nodules to Assess the Nitrogen Fixation in the Presence of Biofertilizer Based on Nod-Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12991
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Susniak ◽  
Mikolaj Krysa ◽  
Dominika Kidaj ◽  
Monika Szymanska-Chargot ◽  
Iwona Komaniecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Nod Factors ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman ◽  
Apparent Distribution

Multimodal spectroscopic imaging methods such as Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI MSI), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy were used to monitor the changes in distribution and to determine semi quantitatively selected metabolites involved in nitrogen fixation in pea root nodules. These approaches were used to evaluate the effectiveness of nitrogen fixation by pea plants treated with biofertilizer preparations containing Nod factors. To assess the effectiveness of biofertilizer, the fresh and dry masses of plants were determined. The biofertilizer was shown to be effective in enhancing the growth of the pea plants. In case of metabolic changes, the biofertilizer caused a change in the apparent distribution of the leghaemoglobin from the edges of the nodule to its centre (the active zone of nodule). Moreover, the enhanced nitrogen fixation and presumably the accelerated maturation form of the nodules were observed with the use of a biofertilizer.

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