The effects of a number of management practices on chiller beef production in Victoria

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ Robinson ◽  
NG Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Angus Cattle

Data are presented from a detailed factorial experiment conducted on a private property in the Western District of Victoria and involving 72 grade Aberdeen Angus cattle and their dams. The relative contribution to daily liveweight increase and economy of production of sex (steer v. spayed heifer), sire (stud v. grade bull), level of supplementary feeding (high v. moderate v. low), season of birth (autumn v. spring), and year of birth (1954 v. 1955 control v. 1955 stilboestrol-implanted) was determined. Season of birth (autumn>>spring, P < 0.001) was easily the greatest single factor affecting daily liveweight gain, carcass beef production per week, and cash value of beef produced per week, followed in order of importance by sex (steers>>heifers, P < 0.001), and level of supplementary feeding (high >moderate = low, P<0 .001). Quality of the sire had no demonstrable effect on any factor studied. Year of birth slightly affected cash value of beef produced per week (P<0.05), but only because of yearly price fluctuations. Interactions between the main variates were relatively unimportant, but the spring-born calf was much more dependent on heavy supplementary feeding than was the autumn-born. Economy of production was dependent on calving at the correct time (autumn) and the reduction of supplementary feeding to a minimum. The value of the factorial experimental design for field studies of this type is briefly discussed.

THE 3-C ACOUSTIC PROCESS—A NEW APPROACH TO PREDICTING ACOUSTIC WAVE PERFORMANCE IN SEDIMENTS

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
M.J. Wiltshire ◽  
L.M. Huggard
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Performance Modelling ◽  
Seismic Attribute ◽  
Log Data

Acoustic wave performance modelling is of considerable interest to seismic interpreters. Conventional interpretative models employ continuous density log data to compute theoretical acoustic data. Their dependence on high quality density log data limits the application of these techniques to areas where good logs have been acquired. Such techniques are therefore commonly used in field studies, but are generally not used in exploration.This paper details a newly developed method of predicting acoustic compression wave performance, based on sequence compaction theory, elastic wave theory and established petrophysical relationships. This allows extension of the existing density log based p-wave velocity prediction methods into areas where log data are minimal and log quality is marginal.Applications of the technique include:improvements to the quality of acquired sonic data;improved velocity control, resulting in better quality synthetic seismograms and more precise control of time-depth conversion; andimproved seismic attribute mapping, offering possibilities of better drilling target selection.With application of the technique, many wells can now be used in which poor log data quality or absence of key logs previously prevented their use as well-to-seismic control points in basin modelling. The technique can be allied to MWD resistivity logging technology to allow continuous computation of acoustic properties and realtime correlation of drilling data to seismic. This results in better location of casing and logging points, and the design of more efficient logging programs, with benefits to both drilling safety and economics.The technique allows improvement in the quality of acquired data and acquisition economics, better utilisation of old data, and better engineering and geologic management practices in current exploration drilling. It has considerable potential for overcoming sonic log acquisition problems associated with poorly compacted rocks, and has application in many areas of sequence and basin studies.

A centre for the control of animal health and its management: veterinary field studies of dairy cows in Belgium

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
J. Detilleux ◽  
J. Arendt ◽  
A. Dewaele ◽  
F. Lomba ◽  
C. Doyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
International Health ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comfort Indices

AbstractIn 1998, the European Community, the Region Wallonne, and the Province du Hainaut funded the project known as the Centre for the control of animal health and its management (CESAM). This project was initiated in the Hainaut province of Belgium to answer problems encountered by cattle producers. Its overall goal is the identification of stages in the entire bovine production process where economic efficiency can be increased. A part of this project aims principally at the study of the impact of health-related problems on dairy production. For this part of the project, 32 veterinarians and 51 farmers started collecting data in the field. The methodology for data collection was based mainly on the harmony between the farmer and the veterinarian. Therefore, several procedures were implemented to ensure adequate motivation of both farmers and veterinarians. Farmers note all events of their livestock using a list, which contains disease events, preventive treatments, reasons for culling, and management practices. A veterinarian visits farms monthly to validate collected data and to discuss specific problems. During these farm visits, veterinarians collect body condition scores on adult cows. Veterinarians record also information on health problems they encounter during their normal practice using an international health data recording nomenclature. A national organization provides unique animal identification system. Production data will be recorded and feeding practices, milking procedures and barn comfort indices will be regularly investigated. All data will be collected on pre-printed documents, scanned at CESAM and centralized in a relational computer database. Criteria to evaluate the quality of the proposed methodology are presented.

scholarly journals Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) Interference, Control and Recovery under Different Management Practices and its Effects on the Grain Yield and Quality of Maize Crop

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Anestis Karkanis ◽  
Despoina Athanasiadou ◽  
Kyriakos Giannoulis ◽  
Konstantina Karanasou ◽  
Spyridon Zografos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Crop Parameters

Maize is an important crop grown on significant acreage around the world, and a major constraint for its growth is weed interference. Thus, field studies were conducted to examine johnsongrass interference, control, and recovery under different management practices and its effects on maize. Our results indicated that the most johnsongrass aboveground biomass was recorded in the nontreated and weed-infested for 55 days after sowing (DAS) treatments, while the lowest values were in nicosulfuron treatments (48 and 60 g a.i./ha). Among the various herbicide treatments, the greatest johnsongrass aboveground biomass was recorded in the isoxaflutole (applied pre-emergence at 99 g a.i./ha) + 1 hoeing treatment. Johnsongrass aboveground biomass at 78–85 DAS was 1.4- to 6.0-fold greater than that at 55 DAS, revealing johnsongrass recovery after nicosulfuron treatments. Johnsongrass competition had a significant impact on maize growth and grain yield. The main crop parameters, such as aboveground biomass, grain yield, and protein content, were lowest in the nontreated and weed-infested for 55 DAS treatments, while the greatest values of these parameters were recorded in the weed-free and nicosulfuron treatments. In conclusion, our results indicated that timely and effective chemical control of johnsongrass is essential for improving grain yield and quality of maize.

Reproduction and productivity of semidomesticated reindeer in northern Finland

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouko Kumpula ◽  
Alfred Colpaert ◽  
Mauri Nieminen
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Reindeer Husbandry ◽  
Winter Range ◽  
High Level

The increase in the Finnish semidomesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) stock and the high level of meat production during the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s were mainly due to reindeer-management practices. However, the continuing deterioration of winter-range quality has now forced reindeer managers to invest increasingly in supplementary feeding. At the same time, carrying-capacity models for semidomesticated- reindeer ranges have proved difficult to develop. This study deals with reproduction and productivity of the reindeer stock in northern Finland during the period 1987-1995. The results reveal that reproduction and productivity of reindeer in the study area are largely regulated by density-dependent factors related to the quantity and quality of winter ranges. Reindeer densities on total rangeland had the strongest effect on the slaughter body masses of reindeer, which indicates the special importance of summer and autumn pastures for growth and autumn condition of reindeer. Through intensive calf slaughtering, the natural mortality rate was minimised and reproduction rates and reindeer meat production were increased, although winter ranges were heavy grazed. Developing semidomesticated-reindeer husbandry to be more economical in the future by keeping sustainable meat production at a sufficiently high level while maintaining reindeer rangeland in adequate condition and supplementary feeding quite marginal in Finland involves consideration of both ecological and management factors. One way of looking at the economic carrying capacity of Finnish semidomesticated-reindeer ranges is to develop a model based on dependence among the factors presented in this study. Sustainable net incomes from reindeer husbandry could then be optimised by studying and modelling the economy of reindeer management itself with respect to stock density.

Operations Research on the Female Village-Based Family Planning Worker Program of Pakistan

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-305
Author(s):  
Louisiana Lush ◽  
George P. Cernada ◽  
A. K. Ubaidur Rob ◽  
Mohammed Shafiq Arif ◽  
Minhaj Ul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Training ◽  
Broad Program

This article presents the results of a number of operations research studies (OR) of family planning services provided by a new cadre of female village-based family planning workers in Punjab Province, Pakistan. This cadre of workers, recruited nationwide, have been trained to visit women in their villages to provide information and family planning services. The studies were conducted as part of a broad program of technical assistance to the Government of Pakistan. Surveys investigated the quality of their training as well as attitudes among clients to the new program. They found that the program is developing well but there is room for improvement, particularly in counseling and training. Additional field studies are ongoing and recommendations for change have been incorporated in training and supervision. The program is expanding on a national scale.

scholarly journals Processes, Challenges and Optimisation of Rum Production from Molasses—A Contemporary Review

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tinashe Mangwanda ◽  
Joel B. Johnson ◽  
Janice S. Mani ◽  
Steve Jackson ◽  
Shaneel Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Production Industry ◽  
Stringent Quality

The rum industry is currently worth USD 16 billion, with production concentrated in tropical countries of the Caribbean and Asia-Pacific regions. The primary feedstock for rum production is sugar cane molasses, a by-product of sugar refineries. The main variables known to affect rum quality include the composition of the molasses, the length of fermentation, and the type of barrels and length of time used for aging the rum. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the impact of these variables on rum quality, and to highlight current challenges and opportunities in the production of rum from molasses. In order to achieve this, we review the relevant contemporary scientific literature on these topics. The major contemporary challenges in the rum production industry include minimising the effects of variability in feedstock quality, ensuring the fermentation process runs to completion, preventing microbial contamination, and the selection and maintenance of yeast strains providing optimum ethanol production. Stringent quality management practices are required to ensure consistency in the quality and organoleptic properties of the rum from batch to batch. Further research is required to fully understand the influences of many of these variables on the final quality of the rum produced.

scholarly journals Prediction of leaching and groundwater contamination by pesticides

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Kördel ◽  
Michael Klein
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Macropore Flow ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Silty Soils

Herein, we describe how pesticide leaching is assessed in Europe in order to fulfill EU Directive 91/414. The assessment schemes were developed to protect groundwater from unacceptable effects caused by pesticide use. They presently focus on chromatographic flow processes, which are dominant in sandy soils. Nevertheless, important regions in Europe are characterized by structured soils where transport through macropores is most relevant.Comparison of parallel field studies with isoproturon performed in sandy and silty soils showed that maximum concentration in the structured soil at a soil depth of 1 m may exceed respective concentrations in sandy soils by a factor of 60. Similar results were obtained by lysimeter studies using silty soil cores with maximum concentration of 40 μg/l at the soil bottom. These results demonstrate that preferential flow is more the rule than the exception in well-structured fine-textured soils, and pesticide losses via macropore flow may exceed losses via matrix transport considerably. All present information available for macropore flow suggest the need for greater regional assessments. Other recommendations include analysis of the influence of different soil management practices on the formation of macropores.

The Relevance of Personal Domain Satisfaction for the Quality of Life in South Africa

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Møller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South African ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Personal Domain ◽  
The Impact

South African psychologists have identified the improvement of quality of life as a major goal of the 1980s. This paper reviews the impact of satisfaction with personal aspects of life on perceived well-being. The results of an exploratory study of South African quality of life conducted among 5 587 individuals of all population groups are discussed. Findings confirm the salience of the personal domain and the positive influence of personal satisfactions on subjective well-being. However, results of regression analyses suggest that the relative contribution of satisfactions in the personal domain is too low to play a major role in improving the quality of life of all South Africans in the longer term.

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