Possible early selection of short juvenile period olive plants based on seedling traits

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Rallo ◽  
Rocío Jiménez ◽  
José Ordovás ◽  
M Paz Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
One Year

The relationship between the length of the juvenile period and nine olive seedling parameters (plant height, diameter, number of nodes, lateral shoots, internode length, leaf length, width, area, and shape index) was explored in 287 plants belonging to four different progeny. The traits were measured at two timepoints: after the plants had completed a forced growth cycle in the greenhouse/shadehouse (15 months after sowing) and after one growing season in the field (27 months after sowing). Strong linear tendencies of most vigour traits (mainly plant height and diameter) with the time of first flowering were observed. Leaf traits measured after one year in the field were also related to the length of the juvenile period, but not the same traits that were measured the previous year. Strong positive correlations were observed between the parameters studied. All results are discussed in terms of selecting the best seedling traits to be used as pre-selection criteria for short juvenile period during early stages.

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THORNINESS AND YIELD TRAITS IN GOOSEBERRY

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. S. SPANGELO ◽  
C. S. HSU ◽  
S. O. FEJER ◽  
R. WATKINS
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Genetic Barrier ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
One Year

Combining ability and interrelationships among four characters were studied in six gooseberry (Ribes grossularia) progenies produced by crossing each of two thornless to three large-fruited cultivars. Measurements were recorded for four consecutive years for fruit yield and 100-berry weight, and for one year for thorniness and plant height. General and specific combining abilities were significant and their interactions with years were not significant for fruit yield and berry weight, and general combining ability was significant for thorniness. Genotypic correlations agreed closely with the phenotypic correlations. Significant positive correlations were obtained between fruit yield with berry weight and plant height. The nonsignificant correlations between thorniness with fruit yield, berry weight and plant height suggest no genetic barrier to combining thornlessness with these traits.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of water loss of excised leaves associated with drought tolerance in wheat

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Mieczysława Czyczyło-Mysza ◽  
Izabela Marcińska ◽  
Edyta Skrzypek ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Kinga Dziurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Leaf Water Loss

Background Wheat is widely affected by drought. Low excised-leaf water loss (ELWL) has frequently been associated with improved grain yield under drought. This study dissected the genetic control of ELWL in wheat, associated physiological, morphological and anatomical leaf traits, and compared these with yield QTLs. Methods Ninety-four hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) doubled haploids, mapped with over 700 markers, were tested for three years for ELWL from detached leaf 4 of glasshouse-grown plants. In one experiment, stomata per unit area and leaf thickness parameters from leaf cross-sections were measured. QTLs were identified using QTLCartographer. Results ELWL was significantly negatively correlated with leaf length, width, area and thickness. Major QTLs for ELWL during 0–3 h and 3–6 h were coincident across trials on 3A, 3B, 4B, 5B, 5D, 6B, 7A, 7B, 7D and frequently coincident (inversely) with leaf size QTLs. Yield in other trials was sometimes associated with ELWL and leaf size phenotypically and genotypically, but more frequently under non-droughted than droughted conditions. QTL coincidence showed only ELWL to be associated with drought/control yield ratio. Discussion Our results demonstrated that measures of ELWL and leaf size were equally effective predictors of yield, and both were more useful for selecting under favourable than stressed conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of summer season on correlation coefficient in bird of paradise (Strelitzia reginae) progenies

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 364-369
Author(s):  
Airadevi P. Angadi ◽  
B. S. Reddy ◽  
R. C. Jagadeesha ◽  
Balaji S. Kulkarni ◽  
S. Nishani
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Strelitzia Reginae ◽  
Stalk Length

The study pertaining to the effect of summer season on correlation analysis in bird of paradise (Strelitzia reginae) was carried out among forty progenies. The results of correlation analysis for twelve parameters (plant height, stem girth, leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves per plant, number of suckers/m 2 , flower stalk length, flower stalk girth, spath length, no. of bracts, vase life and no. of flowers/ m 2 ) at genotypic and phenotypic levels revealed that number of flowers per m 2 of progenies during summer, 2011 showed positive and significant correlations with plant height (0.357 and 0.237) and number of suckers/ m2 (0.880 and 0.899). Whereas, it showed positive and significant correlation with stem girth (0.203), leaf width (0.202) and flower stalk girth (0.265) at genotypic level only. While during summer 2012, number of flowers per m 2 showed positive correlations with plant height (0.265 and 0.242), stem girth (0.232 and 0.215), number of suckers/ m 2 (0.913 and 0.900) and flower stalk length (0.268 and 0.249) at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Hence, the selection of these characters would be effective in improving yield in bird of paradise crop.

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Several Species of the Genus Jatropha Linn. (Euphorbiaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Saheed KOLAWOLE ◽  
Abdullahi Alanamu ABDULRAHAMAN ◽  
Mahboob Adekilekun JIMOH ◽  
Felix Ayotunde OLADELE
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Jatropha Gossypifolia ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Morphological parameters of several Jatropha species, namely Jatropha curcas L., Jatropha gossypifolia L., Jatropha podagrica Hook., Jatropha integerrima Jacq. and Jatropha multifida L. were subjected to quantitative analysis within the present study. Twelve traits of the leaves, fruits and seeds were analysed: leaf length, leaf width, leaf length/width ratio, petiole length, petiole width, fruit length, fruit width, fruit length/width ratio, seed length, seed width, fruit stalk length and fruit stalk width were subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Highly significant positive correlations have been noted, while negative correlation was observed between leaf width and leaf length/width ratio, fruit width and leaf length/width ratio. Traits such as leaf length, leaf width and leaf length/width ratio contributed significantly along with other traits to discriminate the studied Jatropha species.  J. podagrica and J. integerrima were found to have more similarities, with a stronger coefficient of agglomeration (69.072) than J. curcas and J. podagrica with 315.028 coefficient of agglomeration respectively. The generated dendrogram showed the relationship between the studied Jatropha species, whereas great affinity was noted between J. podagrica and J. multifida as compared with J. gossypifolia and J. integerrima which are distantly related. The closeness observed between J. podagrica and J. multifida is in line with their current sub-generic grouping.

scholarly journals Linkage Map Development by EST-SSR Markers and QTL Analysis for Inflorescence and Leaf Traits in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1342
Author(s):  
Min Fan ◽  
Yike Gao ◽  
Zhiping Wu ◽  
Qixiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Integrated Map ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat

Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) are famous ornamental crops with high medicinal and industrial values. The inflorescence and leaf traits are key factors that affect the yield and quality of chrysanthemum. However, the genetic improvement of those traits is slow within chrysanthemum because of its hexaploidy, high heterozygosity and enormous genome. To study the genetic control of the important traits and facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) in chrysanthemum, it is desirable to populate the genetic maps with an abundance of transferrable markers such as microsatellites (SSRs). A genetic map was constructed with expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers in an F1 progeny of 192 offspring. A total of 1000 alleles were generated from 223 EST-SSR primer pairs. The preliminary maternal and paternal maps consisted of 265 marker alleles arranged into 49 and 53 linkage groups (LGs), respectively. The recombined parental maps covered 906.3 and 970.1 cM of the genome, respectively. Finally, 264 polymorphic loci were allocated to nine LGs. The integrated map spanned 954.5 cM in length with an average genetic distance of 3.6 cM between two neighbouring loci. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) analysis was performed using the integrated map for inflorescence diameter (ID), central disc flower diameter (CDFD), number of whorls of ray florets (NWRF), number of ray florets (NRF), number of disc florets (NDF), number of florets (NF), ray floret length (RFL), ray floret width (RFW), ray floret length/width (RFL/W), leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW) and leaf length/width (LL/W). Overall, 36 (21 major) QTLs were identified. The successful mapping of inflorescence and leaf traits QTL demonstrated the utility of the new integrated linkage map. This study is the first report of a genetic map based on EST-SSR markers in chrysanthemum. The EST-SSR markers, genetic map and QTLs reported here could be valuable resources in implementing MAS for chrysanthemums in breeding programs.

Peculiarities of the juvenile period of the native Chechen genotypes of willow leaf pear (Pyrus salicifolia Pall.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
E. A. Dolmatov ◽  
R. B. Borzayev ◽  
A. N. Shaipov
Keyword(s):  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Creative Cooperation

The results of the study of the duration of the juvenile period of indigenous Chechen willow leaf pear genotypes (Pyrus salicifolia Pall.) are given in connection with the acceleration of the breeding process and the use of selected forms in pear breeding for high precocity. The studies were carried out in 2016-2019 at OOO “Orchards of Chechnya” in accordance with the Agreement on creative cooperation with the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. The work was carried out in accordance with generally accepted programs and methods. The objects of the study were one-year and two-year-old pear seedlings obtained from sowing seeds of selected dwarf and low-growing local Chechen forms of willow pear (P. salicifolia Pall.), laying fruit buds on annual growths and seedlings of Caucasian pear (P. caucasica Fed.), 20 500 pcs. of each specie. The aim of the research was to study the potential of precocity of willow pear seedlings and to reveal of selected forms with the greatest degree of this trait. Stratified seeds were sown in the sowing department of the OOO “Orchards of Chechnya” production nursery in April, 2017. The seedlings were grown according to the common technology in dryland conditions on the plot with chestnut soil. The first fl owering of plants was noted in the spring, 2019. As a result of the research, for the first time on a large number of the experimental material it was found that in the off spring of the indigenous Chechen willow leaf pear genotypes, the selection of a little more than 2% of seedlings with a very short juvenile period (2 years) was possible. They are of great interest in accelerating the breeding process and in the selection of new pear varieties with high precocity. 20 willow leaf pear genotypes were selected for the further use in breeding for high precocity and as sources of the trait of short juvenile period.

scholarly journals Uncovering genomic regions controlling plant architectural traits in hexaploid wheat using different GWAS models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad ◽  
Jianguo Li ◽  
Weichen Hu ◽  
Jinsheng Yu ◽  
Shahid Ullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Significant Snps ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Candidate Snps ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Multiple Environments ◽  
Architectural Traits

AbstractWheat is a major food crop worldwide. The plant architecture is a complex trait mostly influenced by plant height, tiller number, and leaf morphology. Plant height plays a crucial role in lodging and thus affects yield and grain quality. In this study, a wheat population was genotyped by using Illumina iSelect 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay and finally 22,905 high-quality SNPs were used to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for plant architectural traits employing four multi-locus GWAS (ML-GWAS) and three single-locus GWAS (SL-GWAS) models. As a result, 174 and 97 significant SNPs controlling plant architectural traits were detected by ML-GWAS and SL-GWAS methods, respectively. Among these SNP makers, 43 SNPs were consistently detected, including seven across multiple environments and 36 across multiple methods. Interestingly, five SNPs (Kukri_c34553_89, RAC875_c8121_1490, wsnp_Ex_rep_c66315_64480362, Ku_c5191_340, and tplb0049a09_1302) consistently detected across multiple environments and methods, played a role in modulating both plant height and flag leaf length. Furthermore, candidate SNPs (BS00068592_51, Kukri_c4750_452 and BS00022127_51) constantly repeated in different years and methods associated with flag leaf width and number of tillers. We also detected several SNPs (Jagger_c6772_80, RAC875_c8121_1490, BS00089954_51, Excalibur_01167_1207, and Ku_c5191_340) having common associations with more than one trait across multiple environments. By further appraising these GWAS methods, the pLARmEB and FarmCPU models outperformed in SNP detection compared to the other ML-GWAS and SL-GWAS methods, respectively. Totally, 152 candidate genes were found to be likely involved in plant growth and development. These finding will be helpful for better understanding of the genetic mechanism of architectural traits in wheat.

scholarly journals Regime-Dependent Synchronization of Growth Cycles between Japan and East Asia

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Girardin
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Transmission Mechanisms ◽  
Country Effects ◽  
Positive Correlations

Some studies indicate that correlations between GDP growth in Japan and in emerging East Asian countries are consistently positive; others claim that such correlations are consistently negative. In this analysis of 10 East Asian countries over 1975–2002 using quarterly GDP data, a Markov-switching vector autoregressive system with three growth cycle regimes is used to examine to what extent such correlations are sensitive to third-country effects, transmission mechanisms, and the quality of Japanese output data. After controlling for third-country effects, correlations with Japan are found to be almost uniformly negative. When transmission variables are taken into account, however, positive correlations appear during rapid-growth regimes for China, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea. When higher-quality Japanese output data are used, shocks in these countries are symmetric with Japan's disturbances in growth-recession and rapid-growth regimes. However, synchronization with Japan is never present in the normal-growth regime. Because these five countries are not fully synchronized with Japan, it is probably premature for them to engage in exchange rate arrangements involving the yen.

Comparative Egg Production, Quality and Hatchability in Three Chicken Genotypes under Humid Tropical Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
O.P Omoyara ◽  
M.O Abioja ◽  
O.S Iyasere ◽  
L.T Egbeyale
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Length Width

Comparative study on egg production and hatchability characteristics in Nigerian local (NL; n=24), FUNAAB-α (F-α; n=24) and Transylvanian naked neck (TNN; n=24) chickens aged 25 weeks old was carried out for 4 weeks. Three hundred and sixty hatchable eggs each were used for quality characteristics determination and for incubation. F-α had significantly (P<0.001) higher egg production (90.3%) than TNN (76.9%) while TNN was higher than NL (58.3%). Egg weight (EWT), length, width and surface area, albumen height, weight, percentage and index, shell weight, color and internal quality unit (IQU) were significantly (P<0.001) affected by genotype. These followed the pattern: NL<F-α<TNN. F-α and TNN had significantly (P<0.001) higher values than NL in egg shape index, yolk weight, height and diameter. Yolk colour index was significantly (P<0.01) higher in TNN than in F-α. Yolk percentage and yolk-albumen ratio followed the pattern: NL>F-α>TNN. NL had (P<0.001) thicker and higher shell percentage (SP) than F-α and TNN. Higher Haugh unit (HU) was recorded in TNN than in NL and F-α. Fertility was significantly (P<0.05) higher in F-α than in TNN. Hatchability was not (P>0.05) affected by genotype. Chick weight and chick: egg ratio were significantly (P<0.001) by genotype. TNN had higher chick weight and yield than F-α and NL chicks. In conclusion, F-α laid more eggs than others, exhibited higher fertility with longer chicks at hatch. TNN is superior in EWT, HU, IQU and chick yield. NL had higher SP than others. Keywords: Egg production, Egg quality, FUNAAB alpha chicken, Hatchability, Transylvanian naked neck chicken.

scholarly journals Morphological variation in Paspalum nicorae Parodi accessions, a promising forage

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Aparecida de Oliveira dos Reis ◽  
Miguel Dall'Agnol ◽  
Carlos Nabinger ◽  
Maria Teresa Schifino-Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Grazing Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Hairiness

Paspalum nicorae Parodi is a perennial, apomictic tetraploid forage species, native in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with grazing tolerance and adapted to sandy soils and moderate droughts. As a first step to future breeding, a morphological characterization regarding leaf hairiness, sheath, leaf and central venation color, growing habit, plant height, raceme number and length, and leaf length and width was performed in 53 accessions from Rio Grande do Sul that are part of a Paspalum species breeding program. 35.84% of the accessions had completely hairy leaves, 73.58% had green sheath, 54.71% whitish central venation, 50.94% decumbent habit. Leaf color was estimated by two methods, color chart and colorimeter. The accessions were classified as 76.92% green, 13.45% greenish yellow and 9.62% as grayish green by the first, and 59.62% grayish, 32.69% grayish yellow, 5.77% yellow and 1.92% dark grayish by the second method. Raceme length ranged from 9.40 to 1.30 cm, number of racemes from one to six (48.73% of the accessions had four racemes), leaf length and width from 36.13 to 13.06 cm and 0.67 to 0.36 cm, respectively, and plant height from 115.70 to 29.00 cm. Therefore, a large morphological variation among accessions was detected, with no relation to geographical location but indicating a high potential use in plant breeding programs.

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