Leaf rust of spring wheat in Northern Kazakhstan and Siberia: incidence, virulence, and breeding for resistance

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morgounov ◽  
L. Rosseeva ◽  
M. Koyshibayev
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Genetics Research ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan ◽  
New Varieties

Northern Kazakhstan and Western Siberia of Russia represent a relatively uniform continuous area of spring wheat cultivation of ~20 million ha. Despite the dry climate, cultivation of susceptible varieties resulted in epidemics of leaf rust on average in 1 year out of 4, affecting up to 5 million ha with yield losses of up to 25–30%. The leaf rust population showed absence of virulence for genes Lr9 and Lr24 and low frequency of isolates with virulence to Lr11, Lr16, Lr18, and Lr28. The field observations indicated that genes Lr28 and Lr36 provide resistance. All the wheat cultivars are susceptible to leaf rust and only recently have several resistant lines and new varieties have been tested in trials. The current resistance breeding efforts are based on incorporation of the resistance from local and foreign sources. The breeding strategy is not based on detailed knowledge of the leaf rust population and its interaction with the host because of limited pathology and genetics research capacity. However, practical breeding efforts in combining proven resistance with adaptation traits resulted in the development of new competitive resistant germplasm. Shuttle breeding between the region and CIMMYT-Mexico to enhance resistance contributes to regional efforts.

RESISTANT OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN TO BIOTIC STRESSORS ON THE FOREST-STEPPE AND STEPPE ZONES OF ORENBURG URALS

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Тимошенкова ◽  
Tatyana Timoshenkova ◽  
Мухитов ◽  
Lenar Mukhitov ◽  
Самуилов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Local Breeding ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Origin

The article summarizes the results of surveys on the development of the spring wheat disease. The composition of the pathogenic complex in the Orenburg region was analyzed. The paper cites an assessment of the stability of varieties of different origin in the forest steppe and steppe zones of Orenburg Urals. The most common and harmful diseases of spring wheat were: brown leaf rust (Puccinia triticina), stem rust (Puccinia graminis), oidium (Erysiphe graminis, Blumeria graminis Speer.), helminthiasis and fusariose root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana and Fusarium spp.). Among the samples of local breeding Orenburgskaya 13 variety was the strongly susceptible to the disease of wheat. Logachevka and Uchitel variety were mildly susceptible. Varyag variety was characterized by susceptibility to leaf rust, oidium and dust-brand. According to the complex resistance to diseases of the local races of wheat, we can allocate the following varieties: in the forest-steppe zone: Kinelskaya 59, Kinelskaya 60, Saratovskaya 55, Tulaykovskaya 5, steppe Tulaykovskaya, YuV 4 and in the steppe zone - Belyanka, Saratovskaya 70, Tulaykovskaya 10 and steppe Tulaykovskaya. The inclusion of these varieties in the hybridization will provide a more disease-resistant hybrids and new varieties of spring wheat.

scholarly journals Inheritance of leaf resistance to Septoria nodorum Berk. in two crosses of spring wheat

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Reijo Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Leaf Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
F2 Progeny

The F2 progeny of two spring wheat crosses involving susceptible and moderately resistant parent cultivars were tested in the field for their reaction to infection by Septoria nodorum Berk. The variation in symptom expression was continuous, providing no support for the existence of individually acting major genes. The broad sense heritability values for the crosses were moderate at 0.47 and 0.34 with over half of the variation being of environmental origin. The results are discussed in relation to developing a resistance breeding strategy for wheat to S. nodorum.

scholarly journals Genetically Divergent Types of the Wheat Leaf Fungus Puccinia triticina in Ethiopia, a Center of Tetraploid Wheat Diversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kolmer ◽  
M. A. Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Virulence Phenotype ◽  
Wheat Leaf

Collections of Puccinia triticina, the wheat leaf rust fungus, were obtained from tetraploid and hexaploid wheat in the central highlands of Ethiopia, and a smaller number from Kenya, from 2011 to 2013, in order to determine the genetic diversity of this wheat pathogen in a center of host diversity. Single-uredinial isolates were derived and tested for virulence phenotype to 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes and for molecular genotypes with 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Nine virulence phenotypes were described among the 193 isolates tested for virulence. Phenotype BBBQJ, found only in Ethiopia, was predominantly collected from tetraploid wheat. Phenotype EEEEE, also found only in Ethiopia, was exclusively collected from tetraploid wheat and was avirulent to the susceptible hexaploid wheat ‘Thatcher’. Phenotypes MBDSS and MCDSS, found in both Ethiopia and Kenya, were predominantly collected from common wheat. Phenotypes CCMSS, CCPSS, and CBMSS were found in Ethiopia from common wheat at low frequency. Phenotypes TCBSS and TCBSQ were found on durum wheat and common wheat in Kenya. Four groups of distinct SSR genotypes were described among the 48 isolates genotyped. Isolates with phenotypes BBBQJ and EEEEE were in two distinct SSR groups, and isolates with phenotypes MBDSS and MCDSS were in a third group. Isolates with CCMSS, CCPSS, CBMSS, TCBSS, and TCBSQ phenotypes were in a fourth SSR genotype group. The diverse host environment of Ethiopia has selected and maintained a genetically divergent population of P. triticina.

Kenyon hard red spring wheat

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1165-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Hughes ◽  
P. Hucl
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
The University

Kenyon hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) possesses excellent resistance to leaf rust and stem rust. Kenyon was developed using the backcross breeding method, resulting in the recovery of the maturity and wide adaptation of its recurrent parent Neepawa. Kenyon was developed at the University of Saskatchewan. Key words: Cultivar description, leaf rust, Triticum aestivum L., spring wheat

Genetic Progress in Reducing Losses to Leaf Rust in CIMMYT‐Derived Mexican Spring Wheat Cultivars

Crop Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Sayre ◽  
R. P. Singh ◽  
J. Huerta‐Espino ◽  
S. Rajaram
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Progress
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