A genetic analysis of parasite resistance traits in a tropically adapted line of Bos taurus

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Henshall
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Parasite Resistance ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Major Gene Effect ◽  
Cattle Ticks

For cattle raised in tropical and subtropical environments, production can be limited by the susceptibility of many breeds to parasites. Chemical control, coupled with the use of breeds with higher levels of resistance to parasites, allows beef production to be a viable industry, but at a cost. The Hereford Shorthorn (HS) line of beef cattle at Rockhampton has been used extensively to study genetic aspects of parasite resistance. The hypothesis that a gene with a large effect on resistance to cattle ticks is segregating in this line of cattle has been raised in the past, and is considered again here, with the benefit of data recorded up to the late 1990s. A model in which no major gene effect is fitted provides a satisfactory fit to the data, providing little evidence in support of the segregation of major genes for resistance to either ticks or worms in the HS line. This conclusion is supported by the lack of animals of extreme resistance in later generations, an unlikely result if key animals are assumed to be homozygous in earlier generations.

Genetic Analysis of Silique Length Using Mixture Model of Major Gene Plus Polygene inBrassica napusL.

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Qing-Yuan ZHOU ◽  
Cui CUI ◽  
Tao YIN ◽  
Dong-Liang CHEN ◽  
Zheng-Sheng ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Mixture Model ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Silique Length

Sampling, Preservation and Counting of Samples II: Zooplankton

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Wiebe ◽  
Ann Bucklin ◽  
Mark Benfield
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Sample Preservation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plankton Collection

This chapter reviews traditional and new zooplankton sampling techniques, sample preservation, and sample analysis, and provides the sources where in-depth discussion of these topics is addressed. The net systems that have been developed over the past 100+ years, many of which are still in use today, can be categorized into eight groups: non-opening/closing nets, simple opening/closing nets, high-speed samplers, neuston samplers, planktobenthos plankton nets, closing cod-end samplers, multiple net systems, and moored plankton collection systems. Methods of sample preservation include preservation for sample enumeration and taxonomic morphological analysis, and preservation of samples for genetic analysis. Methods of analysis of zooplankton samples include determination of biomass, taxonomic composition, and size by traditional methods; and genetic analysis of zooplankton samples.

scholarly journals Comparison of Metabolic Network between Muscle and Intramuscular Adipose Tissues in Hanwoo Beef Cattle Using a Systems Biology Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jeong Lee ◽  
Hye-Sun Park ◽  
Woonsu Kim ◽  
Duhak Yoon ◽  
Seongwon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Chemokine Signaling ◽  
Gene Network Analysis ◽  
Chemokine Signaling Pathway ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The interrelationship between muscle and adipose tissues plays a major role in determining the quality of carcass traits. The objective of this study was to compare metabolic differences between muscle and intramuscular adipose (IMA) tissues in thelongissimus dorsi(LD) of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) using the RNA-seq technology and a systems biology approach. The LD sections between the 6th and 7th ribs were removed from nine (each of three cows, steers, and bulls) Hanwoo beef cattle (carcass weight of430.2±40.66 kg) immediately after slaughter. The total mRNA from muscle, IMA, and subcutaneous adipose and omental adipose tissues were isolated and sequenced. The reads that passed quality control were mapped onto the bovine reference genome (build bosTau6), and differentially expressed genes across tissues were identified. The KEGG pathway enrichment tests revealed the opposite direction of metabolic regulation between muscle and IMA. Metabolic gene network analysis clearly indicated that oxidative metabolism was upregulated in muscle and downregulated in IMA. Interestingly, pathways for regulating cell adhesion, structure, and integrity and chemokine signaling pathway were upregulated in IMA and downregulated in muscle. It is thus inferred that IMA may play an important role in the regulation of development and structure of the LD tissues and muscle/adipose communication.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of chlorophyll content in maize by mixed major and polygene models

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Jia-Xing Sun ◽  
Yanbin Liu ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Shuang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Main Gene ◽  
Joint Segregation ◽  
Joint Segregation Analysis

Chlorophyll is an important factor which also affects the yield in maize. In this study, genetic analysis of chlorophyll content was conducted by joint segregation analysis of four generations P1, P2, F1 and F2:4 from the cross Shen3336?Shen3265 using the mixed major genes and polygenes inheritance models. Genetics of chlorophyll revealed that chlorophyll ?a? was controlled by two main gene having additive-dominanceepistasis effects. The heritability of these genes were 56.3%. Chlorophyll ?b? was controlled by two pairs of codominant major gene plus additive-dominance polygene. The heritability of these major genes and polygenes were 1.12% and 93.26% respectively. Chlorophyll ?a+b? was controlled by two pairs of additive-dominance- epistatic major genes plus additive-dominance polygene having heritability of 56.2% and 5.2% respectively.

Haematobia irritans parasitism of F1 yak × beef cattle ( Bos grunniens  ×  Bos taurus ) hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Calkins ◽  
J. D. Scasta ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
M. M. Stayton ◽  
S. L. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Bos Grunniens

scholarly journals A Major Gene Effect Controls Resistance to Caries

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.I. Werneck ◽  
F.P. Lázaro ◽  
A. Cobat ◽  
A.V. Grant ◽  
M.B. Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Gene ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Major Gene Effect

scholarly journals A fine structure genetic analysis evaluating ecoregional adaptability of a Bos taurus breed (Hereford)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0176474 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Blackburn ◽  
B. Krehbiel ◽  
S. A. Ericsson ◽  
C. Wilson ◽  
A. R. Caetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Bos Taurus

scholarly journals Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies: A sword of Damocles in the path toward malaria elimination

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manel Ouji ◽  
Jean-Michel Augereau ◽  
Lucie Paloque ◽  
Françoise Benoit-Vical
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Parasite Resistance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Treatment Policies ◽  
Related Mortality

The use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), which combine an artemisinin derivative with a partner drug, in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria has largely been responsible for the significant reduction in malaria-related mortality in tropical and subtropical regions. ACTs have also played a significant role in the 18% decline in the incidence of malaria cases from 2010 to 2016. However, this progress is seriously threatened by the reduced clinical efficacy of artemisinins, which is characterised by delayed parasitic clearance and a high rate of recrudescence, as reported in 2008 in Western Cambodia. Resistance to artemisinins has already spread to several countries in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, resistance to partner drugs has been shown in some instances to be facilitated by pre-existing decreased susceptibility to the artemisinin component of the ACT. A major concern is not only the spread of these multidrug-resistant parasites to the rest of Asia but also their possible appearance in Sub-Saharan Africa, the continent most affected by malaria, as has been the case in the past with parasite resistance to other antimalarial treatments. It is therefore essential to understand the acquisition of resistance to artemisinins by Plasmodium falciparum to adapt malaria treatment policies and to propose new therapeutic solutions.

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