scholarly journals Mapping and validation of the genes for resistance to Pyrenophora teres f. teres in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cakir ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
G. J. Platz ◽  
G. A. Ablett ◽  
R. Loughman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Selection Of

Identification and deployment of disease resistance genes are key objectives of Australian barley breeding programs. Two doubled haploid (DH) populations derived from Tallon × Kaputar (TK) and VB9524 × ND11231 (VN) crosses were used to identify markers for net type net blotch (NTNB) (Pyrenophora teres f. teres). The maps included 263 and 250 markers for TK and VN populations, respectively. The TK population was screened with 5 pathotypes and the VN population with 1 pathotype of NTNB as seedlings in the glasshouse. In addition, the TK population was subjected to natural infection in the field at Hermitage Research Station, Qld. Analyses of the markers were performed using the software packages MapManager and Qgene. One region on chromosome 6H was strongly associated with resistance to NTNB in both populations (R2 = 83% for TK and 66% for VN). In the TK population, 2 more quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified on chromosomes 2H and 3H, with R2 values of 30% and 31%, respectively. These associations were consistent over all pathotypes studied during the seedling stage. The same QTL on chromosome 6H was also found to be highly significantly associated (R2 = 65%) with the adult plant (field) response in the TK population. There are several very closely linked markers showing strong associations in these regions. Association of the 4 markers on chromosome 6H QTL with resistance to the NTNB has been validated in 2 other DH populations derived from barley crosses Pompadour × Stirling and WPG8412 × Stirling. These markers present an opportunity for marker assisted selection of lines resistant to NTNB in barley breeding programs.

ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF MALTING QUALITY IN BARLEY BREEDING

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. BENDELOW
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Selection Of

A procedure that provides information on the suitability of barley for malting and, brewing purposes is described. Three parameters are measured: mash filtration rate, wort viscosity and wort-reducing sugar content, as maltose. Maltose is determined by an auto-analyzer method and this is a satisfactory alternative to the specific gravity procedure for the estimation of percent extract. The addition of these criteria to those already in use enables more discriminatory selection at early generations of barley-breeding programs. The technique requires only one sample extraction and 18 g of laboratory malt.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study of Spot Form of Net Blotch Resistance in the Upper Midwest Barley Breeding Programs

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Burlakoti ◽  
S. Gyawali ◽  
S. Chao ◽  
K. P. Smith ◽  
R. D. Horsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Genome Wide

Pyrenophora teres f. maculata, the causal agent of spot form of net blotch (SFNB), is an emerging pathogen of barley in the United States and Australia. Compared with net form of net blotch (NFNB), less is known in the U.S. Upper Midwest barley breeding programs about host resistance and quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with SFNB in breeding lines. The main objective of this study was to identify QTL associated with SFNB resistance in the Upper Midwest two-rowed and six-rowed barley breeding programs using a genome-wide association study approach. A total of 376 breeding lines of barley were evaluated for SFNB resistance at the seedling stage in the greenhouse in Fargo in 2009. The lines were genotyped with 3,072 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Phenotypic evaluation showed a wide range of variability among populations from the four breeding programs and the two barley-row types. The two-rowed barley lines were more susceptible to SFNB than the six-rowed lines. Continuous distributions of SFNB severity indicate the quantitative nature of SFNB resistance. The mixed linear model (MLM) analysis, which included both population structure and kinship matrices, was used to identify significant SNP-SFNB associations. Principal component analysis was used to control false marker-trait association. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) estimates varied among chromosomes (10 to 20 cM). The MLM analysis identified 10 potential QTL in barley: SFNB-2H-8-10, SFNB-2H-38.03, SFNB-3H-58.64, SFNB-3H-78.53, SFNB-3H-91.88, SFNB-3H-117.1, SFNB-5H-155.3, SFNB-6H-5.4, SFNB-6H-33.74, and SFNB-7H-34.82. Among them, four QTL (SFNB-2H-8-10, SFNB-2H-38.03 SFNB-3H-78.53, and SFNB-3H-117.1) have not previously been published. Identification of SFNB resistant lines and QTL associated with SFNB resistance in this study will be useful in the development of barley genotypes with better SFNB resistance.

scholarly journals Responses of Barley Cultivars and Lines to Isolates of Pyrenophora teres

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Douiyssi ◽  
D. C. Rasmusson ◽  
A. P. Roelfs
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
High Level

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres, is among the most damaging foliar diseases of barley worldwide. A knowledge of the reaction of local cultivars, putative resistant lines, and variability in the net blotch pathogen is necessary to develop a successful resistance breeding program. Disease responses of 38 barley lines to 15 P. teres isolates were studied at the seedling and adult plant stages in the glasshouse, and field responses to net blotch were evaluated at three Moroccan locations. No tested barley was resistant to all isolates, and resistance was apparently of the specific type. Pathogenic variability was great, as none of the 15 isolates were identical. For each isolate tested, a specific high level of resistance was found in one or more host lines. Seedling and adults plants often differed in response to the same isolate. Adult plant resistance was commonly observed in response to isolate I-1, and seedling resistance was more common to isolate I-14. Adult plant resistance of nine lines was undetected in seedling evaluations using isolate I-1. The seedling glasshouse and field responses of the barley lines varied considerably, limiting the value of seedling testing for resistance. Field reactions of resistant and moderately resistant were consistent across the three locations for the lines Heartland, Minn 7, CI 2333, and CI 2549. The variability observed in P. teres and failure to find lines with resistance to all isolates suggests that breeding for resistance should emphasize pyramiding of resistance genes.

Genetic studies on net blotch resistance in a barley cross

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Ho ◽  
T.M. Choo ◽  
A. Tekauz ◽  
R.A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Selection For

An investigation was initiated to study the genetics of resistance to three isolates of Pyrenophora teres (WRS102, WRS858, and WRS857), which have been routinely used for screening for net blotch resistance in Canada. The F1, F2, and doubled-haploid lines were derived from a Leger/CI9831 cross of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). These materials, along with their parents, were inoculated with each of the three isolates at the three-leaf stage in growth chambers. Results showed that resistance to WRS102 was controlled by three recessive genes, resistance to WRS858 by one recessive gene, and resistance to WRS857 by either one dominant gene or two complementary genes. One of the WRS102-resistance genes appeared to be on chromosome 2 and another linked to the WRS858-resistance gene. Resistance to these three isolates was not associated with awn type, esterase 1, and esterase 5. Selection for resistance to WRS102 and WRS858 would be more effective than selection for resistance to WRS857 in a conventional breeding program. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, net blotch, Pyrenophora teres, haploids

DISTRIBUTION OF AND SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO BIOTYPES OF PYRENOPHORA TERES IN WESTERN CANADA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. TEKAUZ ◽  
K. W. BUCHANNON
Keyword(s):  
Host Tissue ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Conidial Development ◽  
Barley Resistance

The distribution in western Canada of three biotypes of Pyrenophora teres, the cause of net blotch of barley, was determined. Two of these produced typical net blotch symptoms but differed in virulence and were found throughout the prairies in 1974. The third, which produces spot-like symptoms, was found only in Manitoba and comprised half the total isolates. The incidence of net blotch was higher in fields of two-rowed than in six-rowed barley. Resistance to the three biotypes of P. teres was found in several barley lines when symptom expression and rate of conidial development on infected host tissue were compared. CI 9214 was superior to CI 5791, the resistance source used in some barley breeding programs.

scholarly journals Deoxynivalenol-3-Glucoside Content Is Highly Associated with Deoxynivalenol Levels in Two-Row Barley Genotypes of Importance to Canadian Barley Breeding Programs

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Tucker ◽  
Ana Badea ◽  
Richard Blagden ◽  
Kerri Pleskach ◽  
Sheryl A. Tittlemier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Blight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Varietal Response ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Dough Stage

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a multipurpose crop that can be harvested as grain or cut prior to maturity for use as forage. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of barley that reduces quality of grain. FHB can also result in the accumulation of mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). Breeding FHB resistant varieties has been a long-term goal of many barley-producing countries, including Canada. While the genetic basis of DON detoxification via production of less-phytotoxic conjugates such as DON-3-glucoside (DON3G) is well documented in barley, little information exists in reference to varietal response. Over two years, 16 spring, two-row barley genotypes, of importance to western Canadian barley breeding programs, were grown as short-rows and inoculated following spike emergence with a Fusarium graminearum conidia suspension. Half of the plots were harvested at soft dough stage and then dissected into rachis and grain components, whereas the remainder was harvested at maturity. Multiple Fusarium-mycotoxins were assayed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mycotoxin content was elevated at the earlier harvest point, especially in the rachis tissue. DON3G constituted a significant percentage (26%) of total trichothecene content and thus its co-occurrence with DON should be considered by barley industries. DON3G was highly correlated with DON and 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3ADON). The ratio of D3G/DON exhibited consistency across genotypes, however more-resistant genotypes were characterized by a higher ratio at the soft-dough stage followed by a decrease at maturity. Plant breeding practices that use DON content as a biomarker for resistance would likely result in the development of barley cultivars with lower total DON-like compounds.

Effect of net blotch infection of barley on grain yield and quality

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
WA Shipton
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

The influence of a natural infection of net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres Dreschl., on the yield and quality of Beecher barley was determined. The disease was controlled in some of the experimental plots by spraying with fungicides at regular intervals. The highest yield (51.9 bushels per acre) and the lowest leaf infection score (24 per cent of the maximum value) were on plots sprayed with Manganous ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (Maneb). By contrast the yield on the unsprayed plots was 17.4 per cent lower and the leaf infection score 28 per cent higher. Bushel and kernel weights were depressed by infection and the proportion of small grains increased. Grain from plots sprayed with Maneb yielded 2.8 per cent more extract of malt than grain from the control plots. The nitrogen content of the grain was not significantly affected, and the saccharification rate was similar for all treatments.

ELLICE BARLEY

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. METCALFE
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Soil Zone

Ellice is a two-rowed malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Winnipeg, Manitoba from a cross involving CI5791, Parkland, Betzes, Piroline, Akka, Centennial, Klages, Cambrinus and Tern. This cultivar (registration no. 2715) is earlier and has better straw strength and malting quality than Klages. It has demonstrated yield potential equal to Klages and Harrington throughout the prairie provinces. It is resistant to stem rust and powdery mildew and tolerant to net blotch and the surface borne smuts. It is best adapted to the Black Soil Zone of Manitoba and eastern Saskatchewan.Key words: Malting barley, barley, Hordeum vulgare

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