Growth and carcass composition of second-cross lambs. 2. Relationship between estimated breeding values of sires and their progeny performance under fast and slow growth regimes

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Hall ◽  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
P. J. Holst
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Expected Values ◽  
Carcass Performance ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Total Tissue ◽  
Progeny Performance

Growth and carcass performance of 2316 ewe and cryptorchid second-cross lambs over 2 years was related to the LAMBPLAN estimated breeding values (EBVs) of their sires. The lambs (56–156 per sire) were sired by 20 Poll Dorset rams from one stud, which were selected to represent a range of EBVs for growth rate and leanness. Half of each lamb sex group was grown at a fast rate from weaning to slaughter at 40 kg liveweight for ewes or 48 kg for cryptorchids. The other half was grown at a slower rate to the same slaughter weights, 10–13 weeks later. Lamb measurements included liveweight approximately every 21 days to slaughter, and fat and muscle depth on live lambs using ultrasound and carcass fat depth. The regressions of lamb weight on sire EBV for weight increased as the lambs aged and were 0.243 ± 0.124 for fasted weight pre-slaughter and 0.158 ± 0.064 for carcass weight. Live lamb C fat depth (45 mm from the mid-line over the 12th rib), carcass C fat depth, and carcass GR (total tissue depth 110 mm from the mid-line of the carcass over the 12th rib) were all related to sire EBV for fat. The regression values for ultrasound C fat depth and carcass GR of 0.156 ± 0.049 and 0.366 ± 0.159 on the sire EBV for fat (mm/mm EBV) were higher than the expected values. The results demonstrate that over a range of sires, 2 years, 2 sexes, and different nutrition regimes there are significant advantages in progeny weight and leanness if sires are selected for high EBVs for weight and leanness.

Growth and carcass composition of second-cross lambs. 1. Effect of sex and growth path on pre- and post-slaughter estimates of carcass composition

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Hall ◽  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
P. J . Holst ◽  
D. L. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Total Tissue

Carcass composition was estimated for 2316 second-cross lambs sired by 20 Poll Dorset rams over 2 years. The lambs were separated into ewes or cryptorchids at weaning with half of each sex group grown at a fast rate from weaning to slaughter at 40 kg liveweight for ewes or 48 kg for cryptorchids. The other half of each sex group was grown at a slower rate to the same slaughter weight 10–13 weeks later. Cryptorchids had fat scores about 0.4–1 unit lower and ultrasound C fat depths (45 mm from the mid-line over the 12th rib) about 0.8–1.3 mm less than ewes at the same liveweight. The carcass measures unequivocally showed that at the same carcass weight, fast-growing lambs were fatter than slow-growing lambs in both years and for both sexes. The average differences were 1.5 mm GR (total tissue depth 110 mm from the mid-line of the carcass over the 12th rib) and 1.4 mm C fat depth. Fat measurements on live lambs showed fast-growth cryptorchids were fatter than slow-growth cryptorchids; however, results for ewes were inconclusive. Slow growth to increase leanness needs to be evaluated against prevailing costs of lamb production and seasonal variation in prices. The correlations among and between live measures and carcass measurements of fatness were relatively low. The highest live to carcass R 2 values were ultrasound C fat depth with carcass C fat depth (0.36) and with the AUS-MEAT probe GR (0.34). There is a need to identify the best live lamb predictors of carcass composition.

Composition of beef carcasses:II. The use of regression equations to estimate total tissue components from observations on intact and quartered sides and partial dissection data

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Williams ◽  
R. W. Pomeroy ◽  
J. M. Harries ◽  
P. O. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Intact Side ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Total Tissue ◽  
Cut Surface

SUMMARYThe data described in Part I of this series (Pomeroy et al. 1974) were analysed by regression methods, to see how, and how well, estimation of total carcass composition (simplified to bone, lean and fat) can be achieved in situations where the beef side cannot be fully dissected, but can be measured as an intact side, quartered and the cut surface photographed, or where sample joints can be dissected. Equations are given, based on the largest group (Group II, 72 animals) of the three previously described, and the advantages to be gained from quartering the carcass, photographing the cut surface, and dissecting a sample joint are quantified. These equations have been tested by applying them to the other two groups, I and III of 30 and 43 animals.

scholarly journals Progeny tested bull production for dairy cattle development in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
AKFH Bhuiyan ◽  
MM Rashid ◽  
RA Khan ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
MSA Bhuiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Field Recording ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Dairy Bull ◽  
Progeny Performance ◽  
Test Project ◽  
Crossbred Cow

The Department of Livestock Services has been implementing “Breed Up-gradation Through Progeny Test" Project since 2003, for selecting dairy breeding bulls based on their progeny performance. This paper describes the procedures followed for setting up field based progeny testing scheme involving private farmers and reports the data of progeny testing in Bangladesh from 2007 to 2013. Until now more than 5000 farmers, having at least one Friesian crossbred cow, were registered under this program in 22 districts of the country. Five Friesian crossbred candidate bulls were evaluated on their estimated breeding values for 100-day milk yields of 199 first calving daughters during 2007 to 2013. Out of five bulls, two bulls were found promising due to their positive breeding values compared to the others.  By 2015, 100 day lactation milk yield data from more than 450 daughters of 6 candidate bulls (used in 2009) of the second batch are expected to be available for evaluation, and about 2452 daughters (heifers) of different ages produced out of 29 candidate bulls are available under field recording in different geographical areas of the country. So, proven dairy bull production through field-based progeny testing program in Bangladesh is underway.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2015. 44(2): 106-112

scholarly journals Stability of estimated breeding values for average daily gain in Pannon White rabbits

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Nagy ◽  
J. Farkas ◽  
P. Gyovai ◽  
I. Radnai ◽  
Z. Szendrő
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Daily Gain

Stability of estimated breeding values for average daily gain (ADG) between 5 and 10 weeks of age was analysed for 47 242 Pannon White rabbits, reared in 7470 litters and born between 2000 and 2008. The dataset was divided into 5 successive 5-year periods: (1) 2000–2004, (2) 2001–2005, (3) 2002–2006, (4) 2003–2007, and (5) 2004–2008. Then, after selecting the appropriate part of the pedigree for these sub-datasets, genetic parameters and breeding values were estimated for ADG using REML and BLUP methods. In the applied models sex, year-month, animal and random litter effects were considered. Estimated heritabilities for all 5 periods from 1 to 5 were moderate and stable (0.28 ± 0.01, 0.28 ± 0.02, 0.29 ± 0.02, 0.27 ± 0.02, and 0.28 ± 0.02). Magnitudes of random litter effects were low and stable (0.14 ± 0.01, 0.15 ± 0.01, 0.15 ± 0.01, 0.16 ± 0.01, and 0.16 ± 0.01). After breeding value estimation the dataset of period 5 was merged pair-wise with the other periods 4, 3, 2 and 1 using an inner join. Thus only the common records of the datasets representing the periods 5-4, 5-3, 5-2, and 5-1 were included in the merged datasets. In these merged datasets each rabbit had two breeding values for ADG based on two different periods. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated between the breeding values based on the dataset of period 5 and the other periods. With the successive years the rank correlation coefficients decreased (0.989, 0.979, 0.965 and 0.924). The correlation coefficients between ranks remained moderately high, even when the proportion of the common rabbits in the merged datasets was low. However, a reasonable re-ranking occurred among the top animals. Rank correlations for the top 100 and 1000 animals varied from 0.41 to 0.55 and from 0.37 to 0.54, respectively, which could influence selection efficiency if the rolling base were used for genetic evaluation.

scholarly journals COMPONENTS OF (CO)VARIANCE FOR AGE AT FIRST AND SECOND CALVING OF NELLORE FEMALES RAISED IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Bresolin ◽  
Dionéia Magda Everling ◽  
Camila Urbano Braz ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Breda ◽  
Paulo Roberto Nogara Rorato
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values

Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability, genetic correlation and estimated breeding values for age at first (AFC) and second calving (ASC) for Nellore females raised in Southern Brazil. The (co)variance and estimated breeding values were obtained using Bayesian inference in a bivariate analysis, adopting an animal model. The average ages were 49.30 and 69.85 months, and the heritabilities were 0.25 and 0.26, respectively for AFC and ASC. The genetic correlation between AFC and ASC was 0.88. The correlation between the classifications of sires according to their estimated breeding values was 0.93. The heritability estimates for AFC and ASC suggest the possibility of obtaining genetic gain by selection. The correlation between these traits close to one indicates that they are virtually controlled by the same genes, and the selection for one of them will promote correlated advanced gain for the other.

scholarly journals Effect of postweaning growth and bulls selected for extremes in retail beef yield and intramuscular fat on progeny liveweight and carcass traits

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Graham ◽  
J. Byron ◽  
A. J. Clark ◽  
G. Kearney ◽  
B. Orchard
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Sire Breed

The present study is a component of a multi-site experiment, using Bos taurus cattle generated at four locations across southern Australia, designed to examine postweaning growth pathways for progeny whose sires were extreme in retail beef yield and intramuscular fat. Treatment and interaction effects on beef production and meat quality were examined within and across sites. The present paper describes the effect of postweaning growth and sire carcass type on liveweight and carcass traits at the Hamilton site. Angus sires selected on estimated breeding values for extremes in retail beef yield (RBY%), intramuscular fat (IMF%) (estimated breeding values for IMF% are derived by using live-animal ultrasound scanning) or both and sire breed types considered to be more extreme in those traits (Limousin, and Belgian Blue for yield, and Wagyu for intramuscular fat) were joined to crossbred and straight-bred cows. After weaning, the resultant 645 steer and heifer progeny were grown on a fast and slow growth path to ~550 kg and slaughtered, averaging 0.68 kg/day and 22.2 months, and 0.49 kg/day and 27.8 months for growth rate and age at slaughter, respectively. Growth path, sire carcass type and sex affected carcass traits; however, there were no sire carcass type by growth treatment interactions. The fast growth-path cattle were fatter, had more intramuscular fat (measured chemically), a higher Meat Standards of Australia (MSA) USA and AUS marble score, and a higher predicted MSA eating-quality score. Progeny of Wagyu sires were lighter at weaning and slaughter and had a lower hot standard carcass weight than the other sire carcass types. The Belgian Blue and Limousin progeny had a higher dressing percentage, a higher RBY% and a lower P8 and rib-fat depth and lower IMF% than the other sire breed types. Progeny of the high RBY% Angus had a lower rib-fat depth, a lower IMF% and higher RBY% than those selected for high IMF%. There was no difference in IMF% between the Wagyu or the high IMF% Angus. Progeny from the Belgian Blue, Limousin and Wagyu had a larger eye muscle area than the other sire breeds. The results indicate that simultaneous selection for supposedly antagonistic traits of IMF% and RBY% would result in carcass having high values of both measurements. Females were lighter than steers at slaughter, had a lower hot standard carcass weight, were fatter at the P8 and rib, and had a higher marble score and IMF%, a lower yield and a lower MSA-predicted eating-quality score than did steers. There was no interaction between postweaning growth and sire carcass type. These results indicate that with the use of appropriate sire carcass types and BREEDPLAN, and post-weaning nutrition, beef producers can confidently change carcass parameters to suit market specifications.

scholarly journals A note on genetic parameters and accuracy of estimated breeding values in honey bees

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evert W. Brascamp ◽  
Piter Bijma
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Additive Genetic Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background In honey bees, observations are usually made on colonies. The phenotype of a colony is affected by the average breeding value for the worker effect of the thousands of workers in the colony (the worker group) and by the breeding value for the queen effect of the queen of the colony. Because the worker group consists of multiple individuals, interpretation of the variance components and heritabilities of phenotypes observed on the colony and of the accuracy of selection is not straightforward. The additive genetic variance among worker groups depends on the additive genetic relationship between the drone-producing queens (DPQ) that produce the drones that mate with the queen. Results Here, we clarify how the relatedness between DPQ affects phenotypic variance, heritability and accuracy of the estimated breeding values of replacement queens. Second, we use simulation to investigate the effect of assumptions about the relatedness between DPQ in the base population on estimates of genetic parameters. Relatedness between DPQ in the base generation may differ considerably between populations because of their history. Conclusions Our results show that estimates of (co)variance components and derived genetic parameters were seriously biased (25% too high or too low) when assumptions on the relationship between DPQ in the statistical analysis did not agree with reality.

scholarly journals The comparatives of growth and carcass performance of the Thai native chicken between economic selection (Chee KKU12) and natural selection (Chee N)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-257
Author(s):  
Doungnapa Promket ◽  
◽  
Khanitta Ruangwittayanusorn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Carcass Performance

Chee is 1 of 4 important native chicken breed in Thailand. Genetic selection can be used to improve growth and carcass performance. The objective of this study was to compare growth and carcass performance of native chickens (Chee) with a population selected for economic traits (Chee KKU12) and natural selection (Chee N). Two hundred Chee KKU12 and Chee N chickens were divided into 5 replicates, 20 chickens per replication. Record growth and carcass quality for data analysis. The results showed that at 12 weeks of age, Chee KKU12 chickens (1,279.484 g) had a higher body weight than did Chee N chickens (1,180.212 g). The averages daily weight gain at 4-6, 6-8, and 0-12 weeks of age of Chee KKU12 chicken (17.861,19.230, and 14.843 grams) was higher than Chee N chickens (16.284, 17.497, and 13.668 g) (P<0.05). The carcass quality with mixed gender showed that Chee KKU12 chickens had higher breast (20.859%) and abdominal fat (0.659%) than Chee N chicken (19.585% and 0.217%, respectively) (P<0.05), but Chee KKU12 chicken thigh (17.007%) was significantly lower than Chee N chickens (18.627%). Regression analysis revealed that the selection of Chee KKU12 chickens for gain in weight will result in better carcass composition including wing (0.074 g), breast (0.089 g), and drumstick (0.134 g), while Chee N chicken had better thigh (0.189 g) when selected for high growth performance (P<0.05). It was concluded that chicken population selected for economic traits has a better growth performance in open housing conditions than naturally selected chickens.

scholarly journals Prediction of breeding values for group-recorded traits including genomic information and an individually recorded correlated trait

Heredity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Xiang Ma ◽  
Ole F. Christensen ◽  
Hongding Gao ◽  
Ruihua Huang ◽  
Bjarne Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Small Group Size ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values

AbstractRecords on groups of individuals could be valuable for predicting breeding values when a trait is difficult or costly to measure on single individuals, such as feed intake and egg production. Adding genomic information has shown improvement in the accuracy of genetic evaluation of quantitative traits with individual records. Here, we investigated the value of genomic information for traits with group records. Besides, we investigated the improvement in accuracy of genetic evaluation for group-recorded traits when including information on a correlated trait with individual records. The study was based on a simulated pig population, including three scenarios of group structure and size. The results showed that both the genomic information and a correlated trait increased the accuracy of estimated breeding values (EBVs) for traits with group records. The accuracies of EBV obtained from group records with a size 24 were much lower than those with a size 12. Random assignment of animals to pens led to lower accuracy due to the weaker relationship between individuals within each group. It suggests that group records are valuable for genetic evaluation of a trait that is difficult to record on individuals, and the accuracy of genetic evaluation can be considerably increased using genomic information. Moreover, the genetic evaluation for a trait with group records can be greatly improved using a bivariate model, including correlated traits that are recorded individually. For efficient use of group records in genetic evaluation, relatively small group size and close relationships between individuals within one group are recommended.

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