Application of spatial analysis techniques to adjust for fertility trends and identify interplot competition in early stage sugarcane selection trials

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Stringer ◽  
B. R. Cullis
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Field Variation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Fertility Trends ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Modelling Approach

Most sugarcane breeding programs in Australia use large unreplicated trials to evaluate clones in the early stages of selection. Commercial varieties that are replicated provide a method of local control of soil fertility. Although such methods may be useful in detecting broad trends in the field, variation often occurs on a much smaller scale. Methods such as spatial analysis adjust a plot for variability by using information from immediate neighbours. These techniques are routinely used to analyse cereal data in Australia and have resulted in increased accuracy and precision in the estimates of variety effects. In this paper, spatial analyses in which the variability is decomposed into local, natural, and extraneous components are applied to early selection trials in sugarcane. Interplot competition in cane yield and trend in sugar content were substantial in many of the trials and there were often large differences in the selections between the spatial and current method used by the Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations. A joint modelling approach for tonnes sugar per hectare in response to fertility trends and interplot competition is recommended.

Early stage selection for commercial cane sugar (CCS) in sugarcane clones: effects of time of sampling and irrigation

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Jackson ◽  
Terry E. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Breeding ◽  
Selection For

Commercially recoverable sugar content in sugarcane (CCS, expressed as a percentage) is a key selection criterion in sugarcane breeding programs. In some sugarcane breeding programs there may be significant operational advantages in measuring CCS early in the crop growth cycle, well before commercial harvesting would normally commence, and in restricting growth by withholding irrigation to reduce cane yield and lodging. Two field experiments were conducted to investigate these effects. The experiments included clones representative of genotypes routinely assessed in the earliest stages of clonal selection in breeding programs. Differences among genotypes for CCS were expressed early when cane had very low CCS (in February or March), and then rates of increase in CCS following that time were similar in most genotypes. Therefore, time of sampling had little effect on ranking of genotypes for CCS, and selection for high CCS could be effective early in the year. Irrigation regime also had little effect on ranking of the clones for CCS, indicating that mild water stress could be imposed with no adverse effect on selection results. The results are discussed in relation to optimising selection procedures and systems in early stage selection trials in sugarcane breeding programs, and better understanding the physiological basis of genetic variation in CCS.

Genotype×environment interactions in sugarcane between China and Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuekuan Chen ◽  
Phillip Jackson ◽  
Wankuan Shen ◽  
Haihua Deng ◽  
Yuanhong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Production Environments

Sugarcane improvement has traditionally been conducted by nationally focussed breeding programs, with some exchange of elite cultivars among some programs. It has been generally assumed by breeders that genotype × country interactions are large, and therefore selection trial data in one country may be of limited relevance to another. However, no studies quantifying clone × country interactions have been reported to our knowledge. In research reported here, a common set of mostly unselected sugarcane genotypes was evaluated in commercial production environments in Australia and China. Consistent with past studies, genotype × site interaction was an important source of variation within each country. Overall a moderate to high genetic correlation existed between production environments in China and Australia for cane yield and sugar content (0.77 for both traits). This suggests that despite difference in environmental conditions and crop management in production environments between countries, that selection trials in China have some relevance for selecting clones for Australian environments and vice versa. It also supports the hypothesis that regular exchange of selected germplasm from effective breeding programs between countries will have mutual benefits.

Genotype × environment interactions in sugarcane. I. Patterns of response across sites and crop-years in north Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Jackson ◽  
DM Hogarth
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Breeding ◽  
General Response ◽  
Efficient Selection

Responses of sugarcane genotypes across environments in north Queensland for sugar yield and its components cane yield and sugar content, were examined using pattern analysis methods. The aim was to provide information which could be used in designing efficient selection methods for sugarcane breeding programs. Of particular interest was the comparison of variation in relative performance of genotypes across sites and crop-years. Results from two series of sugarcane trials in north Queensland are presented. In the first series, 65 genotypes were evaluated at four sites and across plant, first ratoon and second ratoon crops. In the second, 52 genotypes were evaluated across four sites and across plant and first ratoon crops. Crops and years were confounded in both series. Crop-years within sites were generally more similar for genotypic responses than environments from different sites. Within most sites the relative ranking of groups of genotypes derived from cluster analysis was similar across different crop-years. However, there were some substantial differences in ranking of the groups between some sites and selection would vary if different subsets of sites were considered. There was little variation among groups in general response to ratoon crop-years. The results indicate that testing across sites is of importance. However, the similarity in information obtained across crop-years within most sites suggests there may be limited gain in testing across multiple crops or years within a particular site.

ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF MALTING QUALITY IN BARLEY BREEDING

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. BENDELOW
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Selection Of

A procedure that provides information on the suitability of barley for malting and, brewing purposes is described. Three parameters are measured: mash filtration rate, wort viscosity and wort-reducing sugar content, as maltose. Maltose is determined by an auto-analyzer method and this is a satisfactory alternative to the specific gravity procedure for the estimation of percent extract. The addition of these criteria to those already in use enables more discriminatory selection at early generations of barley-breeding programs. The technique requires only one sample extraction and 18 g of laboratory malt.

scholarly journals Ancient Danish Apple Cultivars—A Comprehensive Metabolite and Sensory Profiling of Apple Juices

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunzia Iaccarino ◽  
Camilla Varming ◽  
Mikael Agerlin Petersen ◽  
Nanna Viereck ◽  
Birk Schütz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Aroma Components ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

In recent decades, intensive selective breeding programs have allowed the development of disease-resistant and flavorsome apple cultivars while leading to a gradual decline of a large number of ancient varieties in many countries. However, the re-evaluation of such cultivars could lead to the production new apple-based products with health beneficial properties and/or unique flavor qualities. Herein, we report the comprehensive characterization of juices obtained from 86 old, mostly Danish, apple cultivars, by employing traditional analysis (ion chromatography, °Brix, headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and panel test evaluation) as well as an innovative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based screening method developed by Bruker for fruit juices, known as Spin Generated Fingerprint (SGF) Profiling™. Principal component analysis showed large differences in aroma components and sensory characteristics, including odd peculiar odors and flavors such as apricot and peach, and very different levels of phenolic compounds, acids and sugars among the analyzed juices. Moreover, we observed a tendency for late-season juices to be characterized by higher °Brix values, sugar content and they were perceived to be sweeter and more flavor intense than early-season juices. Our findings are useful for the production of specialty vintage-cultivar apple juices or mixed juices to obtain final products that are characterized both by healthy properties and peculiar sensory attributes.

scholarly journals Spatial Change of Resettlement Area and Location Vulnerability

2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Winny Astuti ◽  
Paramita Rahayu ◽  
Erma Fitria Rini
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Spatial Change ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Destination Area ◽  
Integrated Program

This paper analyzes the Change of Livelihood ofResettlements Area in Mojosongo after being a destination area of aresettlement program. The program resettled 453 households devastatedfrom the flooding area of River Bank of Bengawan Solo. Many scholarsargue that the resettlement program commonly situate people into avulnerable situation, especially in the early stage of post resettlement. With regard to this common argument, spatial analysis was conducted todescribe spatial change of the resettlement area before implementation ofthe program (2006); in the middle of the implementation of programmes(2013) and in the current situation (2018). Interviews have been conductedto Head of Housing, human settlements and Land Government unit, andhead of the community. This results show that this resettlement programpartly creates a vulnerable situation. However, due to the commitment ofthe local government, and integrated program have been conducted alongthe resettlement process. This approach is able to accommodate thecommunity’s interests and government program. Such integration is ableto provide infrastructure and social services that in accordance tocommunity’s need and interests. Therefore, it is expected to reduce therisk of community to be exposed in a vulnerable situation after theresettlement program.

Accuracy Improvements in LPC Measurements for CMP Slurries

2009 ◽  
Vol 1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Tolla ◽  
David Boldridge
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Particle Count ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

AbstractWe have examined the Large Particle Count (LPC) analytical method to see whether there are opportunities to improve both the accuracy and precision in hope of improving the utility of the LPC measurement. We have identified weaknesses in the current method that limit both its accuracy and its precision, and which can introduce count errors in excess of a factor of 10. We propose modifications to the current method which result in both accuracy and precision improvements. We recommend these improvements as absolutely necessary for any experiments designed to test the correlation between LPC and defectivity.

scholarly journals La nécessité d'un programme d'amélioration de certaines essences forestières feuillues : Applications aux genres Juglans et Acer

1969 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 386-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Parrot
Keyword(s):  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Wood Sculpture ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Although most of our tree-breeding programs are concerned with coniferous forest species, we must not neglect the valuable hardwoods exploited in our region. The need of these programs for hardwoods is undeniable and they should be based, as much as possible, on genecological studies.One such study illustrates the wide variation in genetic adaptation of Juglans nigra and indicates its practical implications. Further, these results were obtained from a short-term study of 17 provenances for variations in frost-hardiness at a single location.Intra-specific variation is being investigated in Juglans cinerea, a more common species in our region than the one previously mentioned and one which is also in strong demand for furniture-making and wood sculpture. The resulting data will permit the selection of the best seed zones. Such a breeding program could eventually support far more than small, local industries.Another project involving Acer saccharum describes the variation in sugar-content of sap in three maple stands sampled each spring from 1965 to 1969. Two stands were very homogeneous compared to the third. The magnitude of the differences maintained throughout the study period led to the selection of nine genotypes whose sugar contents varied from 4.6% to 9.7%, indicating maximum genetic gains on the order of 150%.Continued research in vegetative propagation of Acer saccharum is needed for the production of clonal populations for breeding programs.

scholarly journals Oviposition preference and larval performance of sugarcane borer in eight sugarcane genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Vieira Pimentel ◽  
Adriano Cirino Tomaz ◽  
Bruno Portela Brasileiro ◽  
Luiz Alexandre Peternelli ◽  
Márcio Henrique Pereira Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Borer ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Late Stages

ABSTRACT The sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis Fabr. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is one of the most important pests of sugarcane in the Americas. The purpose of this study was to assess multiple resistance traits in eight sugarcane genotypes against D. saccharalis, including five commercial cultivars and three exotic germplasm with potential to serve as resistance sources against this pest. The oviposition preference was assessed by using both free-choice and non-choice tests. The performance of both early stage larvae feeding on the leaves and late stages larvae feeding within the stalks were also assessed. There were differences among genotypes for number of both eggs and egg cluster in the free-choice test while no differences in non-choice test were observed. There were also differences in survival of early stage larvae feeding on the leaves, foliar injury rating and stalk damage. The genotype IM76-228 was the least preferred for oviposition and it seems that leaf width had some influence on adults’ preference rather than greening of the leaves. IM76-228 and RB867515 causes higher mortality of early stage larvae feeding in the stalks while IM76-228 and RB985523 had lower damage in both leaves and stalks. The genotype IM76-228 was the most resistant to D. saccharalis and could serve as genes sources for resistance in sugarcane breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Heritability among Sugarcane Genotypes at Early Stage of the Advanced Selection for some Agronomic Traits in Ferké, Northern Ivory Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p83
Author(s):  
YM Béhou ◽  
CB Péné
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Check Variety

Selection in sugarcane from true seed was recently implemented in Ivory Coast with the aim to increase the genetic variability of crop material used and, therefore, improve significantly sugar yields with a positive impact on the competitiveness of the Ivorian sugar industry. The objective of study was to determine the best performing cane genotypes among 29 clones tested under sprinkler irrigation, in comparison with a check variety (R579). It was carried out on R3-002 commercial sugarcane plantation of Ferké 2 sugar estate, in northern Ivory Coast. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block with 30 cane genotypes in three replications. Each plot comprised two dual rows of five meters with 0.5 and 1.90 m of inter-row spacing, i.e. 19 m² per plot and about 600 m² for the whole experiment. Based on sugar yields, four promising genotypes namely RCI12/15, RCI12/19, RCI13/121 and RCI13/136 were equivalent to the check variety which performed 15.6 t/ha. They are due to undergo the advanced selection stage during the 2020-21 cropping season for three more years for determining the first new sugarcane varieties of RCI origin to be tested commercially in Ferké sugar estates. Their yield performances ranged from 12.8 to 13.8 t sugar/ha, i.e. from 134.0 to 144.8 t cane/ha compared to 161.3 t/ha for the control variety. Although a relatively high level of stem-borer infestation rate recorded, with 15.6% on average (almost three times the tolerable threshold value of 5%), reasonable values of sucrose percent obtained with the promising genotypes, ranged from 12.7 to 13.9% over both crop cycles, compared with 13.6% for the check. Higher heritability values ranging from 61 to 80.5% were observed in traits like sugar yield, sucrose content (62.6%), recoverable sucrose (60.6%), fiber content (72%), stem-borer infestation rate (80.5%), number of internodes/stalk (67.7%), and flowering rate (79.6%). In contrast, lower and moderate values of heritability were observed for Pol juice (59.8%), juice purity (50.5%), cane yield (53%), millable stalk number/ha (29.5%), single stalk weight (36.7%), single stalk height (45%), and single stalk diameter (38.7%).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document