Interactions of boron-toxicity, drought, and genotypes on barley root growth, yield, and other agronomic characters

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Yau
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Biological Yield

In areas with high levels of soil boron, symptoms of boron (B) toxicity often appear under droughts. This greenhouse study examined the interactions of B-toxicity, drought, and genotypes on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) root growth, B-toxicity symptoms, B concentrations of straw, and yield. Plants were grown in tubes 65 cm tall. Three factors were studied: B, water supply, and genotypes. There were 2 B levels, B0 v. B50, in the subsoil (20-60 cm). There were 4 levels of water supply: no drought (control), and early, mid-season, and terminal drought. Two barley lines were compared: Sahara (B-toxicity tolerant) and BOL (drought tolerant, B-toxicity sensitive). Significant B-by-drought interaction was detected in straw B concentration, root growth in subsoil, and straw and biological yield for BOL. Mean root growth in the 40–60-cm soil section was much higher under mid-season drought than under the control. At B50, plants under drought had 1-fold higher straw B concentrations and more B-toxicity symptoms than the control plants. This is the first study to provide data to explain the frequent association of B-toxicity symptoms with droughts in the field. The results clearly showed that tolerance to B-toxicity, as well as drought, is needed in dry areas having high levels of subsoil B.

scholarly journals Response of Selected Garden Roses to Drought Stress

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1050-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Cai ◽  
Terri Starman ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
Charles Hall ◽  
Leonardo Lombardini
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Substrate Moisture

A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the response of four garden roses (Rosa ×hybrid L.), ‘RADrazz’, ‘Belinda’s Dream’, ‘Old Blush’, and ‘Marie Pavie’, to drought stress. Plants grown in containers were subjected to two watering treatments, well-irrigated [water as needed: ≈35% substrate moisture content (SMC) at re-watering] and cyclic drought stress (withholding irrigation until plants exhibit incipient wilting: ≈10% SMC, then re-watering to field capacity for subsequent dry down). Shoot growth and flower number were reduced in the drought treatment compared with the well-irrigated plants in all cultivars with least reduction in ‘RADrazz’. Drought stress reduced root growth in ‘Belinda’s Dream’ and ‘Marie Pavie’, whereas there was no difference in root growth in ‘RADrazz’ and ‘Old Blush’. Decreased SMC induced reduction in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration rate (E), and midday leaf water potential (ψ). Leaf water use efficiency (WUE) increased as SMC decreased in all cultivars. However, the relationship between these physiological parameters and SMC differed among the cultivars. At SMC between 10% and 20%, ‘RADrazz’ had higher Pn, gS, E, and WUE compared with the other three cultivars. Therefore, ‘RADrazz’ was the most drought-tolerant during container production among the cultivars investigated. With lower gas exchange rates and greater reduction in flower number at low SMC, ‘Marie Pavie’ was less drought-tolerant compared with the other three cultivars.

Root growth and distribution in rice cultivars as affected by nitrogen and water supply

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Xiang GU ◽  
Liang TANG ◽  
Qi-Jun XU ◽  
Xiao-Jun LEI ◽  
Wei-Xing CAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Gypsum and Compost Effects on Sugarcane Root Growth, Yield, and Plant Nutrients

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Viator ◽  
J. L. Kovar ◽  
W. B. Hallmark
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Plant Nutrients

scholarly journals Effect of different irrigation levels on the performance of wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
ST Islam ◽  
MZ Haque ◽  
MM Hasan ◽  
ABMMM Khan ◽  
UK Shanta
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Irrigation Levels

An experiment was conducted at the research field of the Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali under the Agro-ecological zone-13 (AEZ-13) during the period from November 2012 to February 2013. The aim of the study was to identify the most effective irrigation level for obtaining the better growth and higher yield performance of BARI Gom-25 that are suitable to cultivate under  coastal region of Patuakhali, Bangladesh. So, the present study was consists of five irrigations levels including control viz. control or no irrigation (T0), one irrigation at 25 DAS (T1), two irrigations at 25 and 40 DAS (T2), three irrigations at 25, 40 and 55 DAS (T3)  and four irrigations at 25, 40, 55 and 70 DAS (T4). The seeds of BARI Gom-25 were collected from the BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur on 22 November, 2012. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design (RCBD) with four replications and analysis was done by the MSTAT-C package program where means were separated by DMRT at 5% level of probability. Data were recorded on various growth and yield attributing traits. The plot size was 5 m2 (2.5 × 2.0 m) where row to row and seed to seed distances were 20 and 10 cm respectively. Data were collected on various morpho-physiological growth, yield and yield attributing traits. Results obtained from the present study, whole characters of the study were significant at 5% by the moisture (irrigation) levels where three irrigations given at 25, 40 and 55 DAS had most effective than that of other moisture levels and no irrigation. From the results investigation, it was found that the tallest plant (76.86 cm), maximum requiring days to anthesis (61.00 days), maturity (109.0 days) and maximum number of effective tillers (5.00 hill-1),the highest grain growth (3.11g at 36 DAA) and grains (44.00 spike-1) were obtained with three irrigation (T3) levels. Similarly, T3 further showed the greater performance on spike length (17.28 cm), 1000-seed weight (50.16 g), grain (4.16 t ha-1), straw (5.89 t ha-1) and biological yield (10.05 t ha-1) as well as the higher harvest index (41.39%). Investigated above whole characters were produced lower performances under no moisture (irrigation) treatments. These results indicated that irrigation at three times (T3) would be most advantageous irrigation levels for wheat production under the studied non saline ecosystem of coastal region.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 99-106, 2018

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield, yield components and nutritive value in intercropping of Barley with Vetch

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
Bijan Kahraryan ◽  
Farhad Farahvash ◽  
Soleyman Mohammadi ◽  
Bahram Mirshekari ◽  
Varharam Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

To evaluate some agronomic properties and forage characteristics in the intercropping of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and vetch (Vicia ervilia L.), an experiment was conducted during 2014-2016 cropping seasons. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Intercropping patterns included 80% barley+ 20% vetch, 60% barley+ 40% vetch, 40% barley + 60% vetch and 20% barley + 80% vetch along with the sole culture of both crops (100% barley and100% vetch). The result showed that the highest value of plant height, grain number, thousand-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield and harvest in barley was observed from 80% barley + 20% vetch intercropping ratio, however, for vetch, it was detected from 100% vetch. Furthermore, the highest land equivalent ratio was obtained from 80% barley+ 20% vetch. Based on the results, the highest crude protein content and dry matter digestibility were observed in sole cropped vetch, whereas the highest neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were recorded in sole cropped barley. These results suggested that intercropped barley and vetch as 80% barley + 20% vetch ameliorated the grain yield and yield components, and forage quality compared to other intercropping ratios.

scholarly journals Diversity in boron toxicity tolerance of Australian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Hayes ◽  
Margaret Pallotta ◽  
Melissa Garcia ◽  
Mehmet Tufan Öz ◽  
Jay Rongala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Groundnut mutants with end-of-season drought tolerance for the marginal dry lands of North Kordofan State, Sudan.

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-257
Author(s):  
Elgailani Abdalla ◽  
Tarig Ahmed ◽  
Omar Bakhit ◽  
Yasir Gamar ◽  
Salih Elshaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Dry Lands ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Terminal Drought Stress

Abstract Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), produced in the traditional small-scale rainfed sector of Western Sudan, accounts for 80% of the total annual groundnut acreage, producing 70% of the total production. Low productivity of groundnut is a characteristic feature in North Kordofan State, which is characterized as the most vulnerable state to the impact of climate change. Terminal drought stress resulting from reduction in rainfall amount and distribution at the end of the season is the most deleterious drought period, as it coincides with groundnut pod filling and maturation periods. High and stable yields under subsistence farming conditions in North Kordofan State could be realized only by using adapted high-yielding, drought-tolerant genotypes. Mutation induction by gamma-rays of 200 and 300 Gy was utilized to irradiate 500 dry seeds of the Spanish-type groundnut genotypes, Barberton, Sodari, ICGV 89104, ICGV 86743, ICGV 86744 and ICG 221, aiming at increasing the chances of obtaining genotypes with the desired drought-tolerant traits. Mutants were selected from the M3 plants using visual morphological traits. Groundnut mutants at the M4 and M5 generations, advanced by single seed descent, were evaluated for end-of-season drought tolerance. A terminal drought period of 25 days was imposed after 60 days from planting, using a rainout shelter. Mutants that survived 25 days of terminal drought stress were further evaluated for agronomic performance under rainfed field conditions. The groundnut mutant, Barberton-b-30-3-B, produced 1024 kg/ha, a significantly higher mean pod yield over 12 seasons compared with 926 kg/ha for 'Gubeish', the widely grown released check cultivar, showing overall yield advantage of 11%. Under 5 years of participatory research, Barberton-b-30-3-B was ranked the best with yield increment of 21% over 'Gubeish' under the mother trials. The GGE biplot analysis for 12 and five seasons, respectively, showed that Barberton-b-30-3-B was stable and produced a good yield in both high and low rainfall situations. Hence, Barberton-b-30-3-B was found to be a suitable mutant for sustainable profitable yields in the marginal dry lands of North Kordofan State and was officially released as 'Tafra-1' by the National Variety Release Committee during its second meeting of April 2018.

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