Application of sugarbeet pure and crude extracts containing glycinebetaine affects root growth, yield, and photosynthesis of tomato grown during summer

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Kanechi ◽  
Yousuke Hikosaka ◽  
Yuichi Uno
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Crude Extracts

Gypsum and Compost Effects on Sugarcane Root Growth, Yield, and Plant Nutrients

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Viator ◽  
J. L. Kovar ◽  
W. B. Hallmark
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Plant Nutrients

scholarly journals INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF CLEOME SPECIES EXTRACT ON ONION GUEST ROOT

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
SUTTHIDUEAN CHUNHAKARN ◽  
PRAKAIDAO YINGSANGA ◽  
LADA MATHURASA
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Cleome Spinosa ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Activity

Objective: Biological control is useful in agricultural. Allelopathy plays an important factor in crop productivity. The effect of allelopathy is able to produce and release allelochemicals or phytochemicals to inhibit or stimulate seed germination, seeding growth, shoot and root growth of other crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of Cleome viscose and Cleome spinosa extracts on onion guest roots length.Methods: The whole plants of C. viscose and C. spinosa were extracted with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and distilled water, respectively. Each group of onion guests was sprayed at various concentrations as 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 parts per million for the treatment. The root growth was measured every day for 1 month.Results: At concentration of 1600 ppm, methanol crude extract of C. spinose showed the highest percent inhibitory activity value of 91.68. Ethyl acetate and methanol crude extracts of C. viscose showed strong inhibitory activity with percentage values of 90.17 and 90.90, respectively, at concentration of 1600 ppm. Moreover, the methanol extract of C. viscose and C. spinosa evaluated higher inhibitory activity than other solvent. However, distilled water crude extract of C. spinose showed weak inhibitory activity with the percentage value of 40.05 at concentration of 1600 ppm.Conclusions: In this study, the methanol crude extract of C. spinose showed potent inhibitory activity on root growth. Moreover, ethyl acetate and methanol crude extracts of C. viscose evaluated strong inhibitory activity. C. viscose and C. spinosa extracts possessed allelochemicals for postharvest biology and technology in plants.

scholarly journals Comparison of sensitivity of three legume species exposed to crude extracts of toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Thanh Luu Pham
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Vigna Angularis ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Toxic Cyanobacteria

We evaluated the effect of cyanobacterial crude extracts containing microcystin (CCEMC+) from a natural bloom on seed germination and initial development of three economically important legume species: green mung bean Vigna radiata, cowpea Vigna cylindrical and red mung bean Vigna angularis and compared it to crude extracts of cyanobacteria without the toxin (CCEMC–). Results showed that CCEMC+ and CCEMC– caused different effects on seed germination and initial development of the three species. There was a clear inhibition on germination and root growth of the green mung bean exposed to the CCEMC+ (20, 200 and 500 μg/L), indicating that the green mung bean being more sensitive to CCEMC+ when compared to the cowpea and red mung bean. CCEMC+ induced a greater occurrence of abnormal seedlings in the green mung bean, duce to inhibition the germination as well as reduction of fresh weight and root length. The CCEMC– extract caused no harmful effects to germination and seedlings growth of the green mung bean and red mung bean. However, it reduced shoot and root length in cowpea bean, suggesting that the cowpea being more sensitive to both extracts. Our results indicated that the sensitivity in germination and root growth of the green mung bean V. radiata could be used as an indicator to evaluate the toxic effect and monitor the toxin concentration of water contaminated with microcystins. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát và so sánh các tác động bất lợi của ly trích vi khuẩn lam có chứa và không chứa độc tố lên sự nẩy mầm và sự phát triển ở giai đoạn đầu của ba loại cây họ đậu gồm đậu xanh Vigna radiata, đậu đỏ Vigna angularis và đậu đen Vigna cylindrical. Kết quả cho thấy hai loại ly trích gây ra các tác động khác nhau lên ba loại cây đậu thí nghiệm. Ly trích vi khuẩn lam có chứa độc tố ở nồng độ 20, 200 và 500 μg/L ngăn chặn đáng kể sự nẩy mầm và sự phát triển rể ở đậu xanh. Cả hai loại ly trích có chứa và không chứa độc tố đều ngăn chặn sự nẩy mầm và sự phát triển rể ở đậu đen. Ngược lại ly trích vi khuẩn lam có chứa độc tố ở nồng độ 500 μg/L lại kích thích chiều dài rể, thân mầm và trọng lượng tươi ở đậu đỏ. Kết quả cho thấy đậu đen khá nhạy cảm với cả hai loại ly trích có chứa và không chứa độc tố, trong khi đó đậu xanh nhạy cảm hơn với ly trích có chứa độc tố. Tính nhạy cảm của các loại cây họ đậu khi phơi nhiễm với ly trích vi khuẩn lam có thể được sử dụng để chỉ thị cho sự ô nhiễm và quan trắc độc tố vi khuẩn lam trong môi trường.

scholarly journals Production of Extracellular Enzymes, Antimicrobial and other Agriculturally Important Metabolites by Fungal Endophytes of Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob. a Medicinal Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinesh Madasi ◽  
Aruna Ajmeera ◽  
Gudepu Renuka ◽  
Bhavani Vemireddy ◽  
Krishna Reddy Vanteru
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Antifungal Metabolites ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Litsea Glutinosa

The present paper deals with the endophytic fungi of Litsea glutinosa, a medicinal plant highly valued in Ayurvedic system. A total of 21 fungal endophytes were extracted from different parts of the plant. The following eight species viz, Aspergillus oryzae, A. terreus, Curvularia sp, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium solani, Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma viride and Verticillium dahliae were selected for testing the production of secondary metabolites including hydrolytic enzymes. All the eight endophytic fungal species produced amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase. Except for Curvularia species, others did not elaborate laccase. All the test fungi produced antibacterial and antifungal metabolites; however, the crude extracts exhibited poor antimicrobial activity. The present endophytic fungi also produced IAA, ammonia and phosphate solubilizing substances. They were also capable to produce IAA with or without adding the tryptophan. An affect was also made to assess the influence of crude extracts on the root growth of maize seedlings. These studies revealed the enhancement effect of extracts on root growth. Based on these observations, discussions and conclusions were made.

scholarly journals (308) Irrigation Strategies for Rockwool-grown Greenhouse Tomatoes

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012A-1012
Author(s):  
Athanasios Papadopoulos ◽  
Uttam Saha ◽  
Xuiming Hao ◽  
Shalin Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Greenhouse Vegetable ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes

In rockwool-grown greenhouse vegetables, unsatisfactory spatial root development, rapid root collapse, and increased incidence of root diseases are very common. Improved water management could alleviate these problems to some extent, because this could favorably modify water-air distribution in the slab, thereby improving greenhouse vegetable yield and quality. The present study tested six irrigation strategies on the productivity of rockwool-grown tomatoes (cv. Rapsodie) during Jan.o–Aug. 2004. The four treatments, based on electronic Grodan? water content meters (WCMs), received irrigations when the slab water content (SWC) was ≈60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% while the other two treatments, based on balances, applied irrigations after a 700- or 500-g loss in the daily-adjusted slab weight (LDASW). Initially, we noticed a heterogeneous EC build-up in the slabs across various treatments, which probably distorted the expression of treatment effects (if any) on plant growth, yield, and water use. To minimize this problem, an EC control strategy of applying extra irrigation was devised and adopted in two sequential phases: 1) application of a 30-minute-long extra irrigation twice a week (for 7 weeks); and 2) extra irrigation(s) using the irrigation control routine of an Argus computer when the slab EC was ≈3.5 mS/cm (for 5 weeks). Slab EC was well controlled in both these phases and we observed significant treatment effects on root growth and marketable yield. Analyzing the results, we concluded that irrigating at 70% to 80% SWC was best for maximum root growth as well as marketable yield. The two irrigation treatments based on the 700- and 500-g LDASW were well maintained and performed equally well, producing marketable yields comparable to those produced by irrigating at 70% and 80% SWC.

scholarly journals Yield, Shoot and Root Growth, and Physiological Responses of Mature Peach Trees to Grass Competition

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1214-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Tworkoski ◽  
D. Michael Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Leaf N

Competitive effects of different grass species were evaluated on growth, yield, leaf N, and leaf water potential of 8-year-old peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] trees and on weed abundance. Two cultivars (`Loring' on Lovell rootstock and `Redhaven' on Halford rootstock) of peach trees were planted in separate orchards in 1987. Nine orchard floor treatments were installed beneath the peach trees in 1995: Festuca arundinacea Schreber (tall fescue); Lolium perenne L., var. Manhattan II (perennial ryegrass); Lolium perenne L., var. Linn; Agrostis gigantea Roth (red top); Dactylis glomerata L. (orchardgrass); Phleum pratense L. (timothy); Bromus carinatus Hook. and Arn. (brome); weedy control; and herbicide weed control (simazine, glyphosate). In general, grasses reduced vegetative growth and yield in both cultivars. Orchardgrass was one of the most competitive species and reduced vertical water sprout length by 15% to 27% and lateral shoot length on fruit-bearing branches by 19% to 30% compared with herbicide treatments. Orchardgrass reduced yield by 37% and 24% in `Loring' and `Redhaven', respectively. All grasses were not equally competitive; `Linn' perennial ryegrass did not significantly reduce growth or yield in `Redhaven'. Control treatments with weeds also did not differ from herbicide treatments in peach tree growth and yield. Grass and weed ground covers consistently reduced peach tree leaf N by at least 10%, compared to herbicide treatment, possibly due to reduced root growth. `Redhaven' root density in the top 10 cm of soil was ≈12 cm·cm-3 in herbicide strips vs. 1 cm·cm-3 in weedy or ground-covered strips. Peach leaf water potential was not affected by grass and weeds. Weed weights were significantly reduced by all grasses compared with weedy control. The results indicate that peach cultivars respond differently to grass competition, but the relative competitiveness of each grass species was similar for both cultivars. Grass competition reduced growth, yield, and pruning weights of mature peach trees, but the reduction in vegetative growth did not significantly reduce pruning time per tree. Grasses that are less inhibitory to peach yield may be useful for weed management in orchards.

Interactions of boron-toxicity, drought, and genotypes on barley root growth, yield, and other agronomic characters

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Yau
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Biological Yield

In areas with high levels of soil boron, symptoms of boron (B) toxicity often appear under droughts. This greenhouse study examined the interactions of B-toxicity, drought, and genotypes on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) root growth, B-toxicity symptoms, B concentrations of straw, and yield. Plants were grown in tubes 65 cm tall. Three factors were studied: B, water supply, and genotypes. There were 2 B levels, B0 v. B50, in the subsoil (20-60 cm). There were 4 levels of water supply: no drought (control), and early, mid-season, and terminal drought. Two barley lines were compared: Sahara (B-toxicity tolerant) and BOL (drought tolerant, B-toxicity sensitive). Significant B-by-drought interaction was detected in straw B concentration, root growth in subsoil, and straw and biological yield for BOL. Mean root growth in the 40–60-cm soil section was much higher under mid-season drought than under the control. At B50, plants under drought had 1-fold higher straw B concentrations and more B-toxicity symptoms than the control plants. This is the first study to provide data to explain the frequent association of B-toxicity symptoms with droughts in the field. The results clearly showed that tolerance to B-toxicity, as well as drought, is needed in dry areas having high levels of subsoil B.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document