A root maceration method for studying fungal invasion in the root rot complex of red clover.

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZB Nan ◽  
RA Skipp ◽  
PG Long
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Fungal Invasion

Host‐Pathogen Variability for Fusarium ‐Caused Root Rot in Red Clover 1

Crop Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Pederson ◽  
R. R. Hill ◽  
K. T. Leath
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Pathogen Variability

THE MICROBIOLOGICAL BALANCE OF STRAWBERRY ROOT ROT SOIL AS RELATED TO THE RHIZOSPHERE AND DECOMPOSITION EFFECTS OF CERTAIN COVER CROPS

1941 ◽  
Vol 19c (6) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. West ◽  
A. A. Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Living State ◽  
Rhizosphere Effects ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Soybean and red clover, grown as cover crops and incorporated into strawberry root rot soil, showed a marked difference in ability to control the disease on variety Premier. Soybean caused a striking reduction in the incidence of root rot and a drastic shift in the bacterial equilibrium of the soil. Red clover had little effect on the severity of the disease or the general microflora of the soil.A study of "rhizosphere effects" reveals that the characteristic differences between the resultant bacterial equilibrium of the soils in which the two leguminous plants were grown, could not be attributed to influences exerted by the latter in the living state. However, the bacterial types favoured during decomposition in experimental cultures of tissues of red clover and of soybean, each inoculated with root rot soil, were identical with those isolated from root rot soil with which red clover and soybean, respectively, had been incorporated. In contrast to the putrefactive decomposition of red clover, soybeans apparently underwent a carbohydrate breakdown that could be reproduced essentially in culture by the substitution of glucose for soybean tissues. Beneficial changes in the bacteriology of actual root rot soils could be induced by the decomposition of pure carbohydrate in place of soybean. The favourable alteration in the bacterial equilibrium was accompanied by a corresponding modification of the fungous flora such that potentially pathogenic forms were replaced by presumably innocuous ones. These carbohydrate treated soils were capable of producing strawberry plants with well developed healthy root systems. The ability of soybean to control strawberry root rot therefore seems to depend primarily on a carbohydrate type of breakdown in diseased soil, causing a highly favourable shift in the microbiological equilibrium. The decomposition of red clover, on the other hand, did not under the same conditions induce these salutary effects.

Micronutrients reduce root rot in red clover (Trifolium pratense)

2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Stoltz ◽  
Ann-Charlotte Wallenhammar
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover

scholarly journals Estimation of efficiency of recurrent selection on the field artificial infectious background in creating of red clover breeding material resistant to root rots

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Екатерина Арзамасова ◽  
Ekaterina Arzamasova ◽  
Мария Грипась ◽  
Maria Griping ◽  
Евгения Попова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Initial Form ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Initial Forms

The results are reflected of research work on the evaluation of previously created hybrid material of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), which passed a selection study on a field artificial Fusarium background in compare with initial forms without selection and standard variety Dymkovsky. For improving objectivity of the assessment, a field infection background was created based on a mixture of local strains of Fusarium spp. (F. oxysporum + F. avenaceum + F. heterosporum). The efficiency of formation of a disease-resistant breeding material by the method of recurrent biotypic selection was analyzed on the most significant economic and biological characteristics: winter hardiness; plant height; dry mass and seed productivity; disease resistance. Information on agrometeorological conditions in the years of research was provided. According to the results of the study, a high winter hardiness of breeding populations was found in various conditions of the autumn-winter periods. The tendency was noted of increasing in forage and seed productivity in hybrids that have been selected on an infectious background in comparison with the initial forms; their lower susceptibility to root rot in the second year of life was established. For further breeding work, three prospective root rot-resistant populations have been selected: GPF-64-2 — with significantly higher dry matter yield relative to standard Dymkovsky by year of use; GPF-60-2 — with seed yield at the level of the standard and the excess of initial form by 87.5%; GPF-63-2 — with the least degree of damage to the root system in comparison with initial form and standard.

STRAWBERRY ROOT ROT IN RELATION TO MICROBIOLOGICAL CHANGES INDUCED IN ROOT ROT SOIL BY THE INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN COVER CROPS

1941 ◽  
Vol 19c (6) ◽  
pp. 183-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Hildebrand ◽  
P. M. West
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Disease Attack ◽  
Balance Index

Strawberry plants, variety Premier, were grown in naturally-infected root rot soil in which consecutive "crops" of several agricultural plants had been turned under, and in other lots of the same soil that had been steam sterilized or fertilized with barnyard manure. On examination of their roots it was found that the incidence and severity of root rot were closely correlated with soil treatment. Plants grown in sterilized soil remained free from disease as did those of the soybean series until the third season when they were slightly affected. Plants in the manure, corn, red clover, timothy, and untreated soil series all became diseased, the severity of attack increasing in the respective series in the order named.Although roots of the various cover crops were found to contain representatives of several different genera of fungi, a specific fungus was dominant in each as was the nematode, Pratylenchus pratensis, in timothy and clover. This build-up of specific organisms appeared to be correlated with the incidence and severity of the disease in the roots of the strawberry plants that followed in the respective series.However, in strawberry plants grown in the variously treated soils, fungal infection was negligible and, on the whole, not related to that of the preceding cover crop. An exception to this was the heavy infection by the mycorrhizal fungus (Rhizophagus sp.?), following timothy and corn, but a lack of correlation, in many cases, between the presence of the fungus and discoloured and necrotic tissue indicated that other agencies might be responsible for the injury. In timothy and red clover treated soils, nematodes, particularly Pratylenchus pratensis, might have been an important factor.Fewer bacteria were found adjacent to roots of healthy plants than to those of diseased ones. Qualitative differentiation on the basis of nutritional requirements indicated a striking relationship between the incidence of certain groups of bacterial isolates and the severity of disease attack. The equilibrium between presumably "harmful" bacteria and the innocuous, normally occurring rhizosphere types is designated the Bacterial Balance Index. There are marked differences in the microbiological equilibria of the different soil series; increased severity of root rot is associated with a fall in the Bacterial Balance Index.

ROOT ROT OF RED CLOVER IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INCIDENCE OF ASSOCIATED FUNGI

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Factors Influencing

Red clover stands in Prince Edward Island were examined in 1963 and 1964 to determine the extent of root rot and the incidence of fungi associated with diseased plants 3 to 17 months after seeding. Plants of all ages were infected, but rot became more severe with increasing age of the stands. Although the disease was less severe in the spring of 1964 than in 1963, its severity increased rapidly as the 1964 season progressed. Neither the extent of root rot nor the fungi isolated were influenced by the soil series on which the plants had grown. Cylindrocarpon spp., Phoma spp., and Rhizoctonia spp. were frequently, but Fusarium spp. most commonly, isolated. The frequency of the species isolated varied with the age of plants, soil series, and the area of the root from which isolation was attempted.

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