Equine helminth prevalence and management practices on Australian properties as shown by coprological survey and written questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (18) ◽  
pp. 2131
Author(s):  
A. M. Beasley ◽  
A. C. Kotze ◽  
T. S. Barnes ◽  
G. T. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Horse Farms ◽  
Horse Owners

Context Parasite control is an essential part of a broader equine health-management strategy and is often completely administered by the horse owner, with little or no supporting evidence on which to base decisions. Practical and sound advice relies on knowledge of the resident parasite species, the anthelmintic resistance status of important species, and the strategies currently being utilised by owners and managers of horses. Much of this farm-level information is lacking in the Australian literature. Aims The present study aimed to gather both farm- and horse-level prevalence data for four important equine helminth species and to gather information on the current worm-management practices conducted on Australian horse farms. Methods We conducted a coprological survey of cyathostomins, Strongylus vulgaris, Parascaris spp. and equine tapeworm on 102 horse properties, using a combination of classical and molecular parasitological methods, including a tapeworm polymerase chain reaction developed as part of the study. A questionnaire canvasing horse owners on internal parasite-control practices was also distributed. Key results Cyathostomin were present on all farms surveyed and S. vulgaris, despite being considered rare, was present on 7.8% (95% CI: 3.9–15.0) of farms. The prevalence of Parascaris spp. and equine tapeworm was 33.3% (95% CI: 19.6–50.6) and 3.9% (95% CI: 1.5–10.1) respectively. Questionnaire responses showed that the majority (85.0%) of horse owners administer anthelmintics at regular intervals of 12 weeks or less, and only 2.6% utilise faecal egg counts to inform treatment decisions. Conclusions Prevalence data confirmed the endemic nature of cyathostomin and P. equorum infections, as well as low levels of tapeworm and S. vulgaris infections on Australian horse farms. Worm-management practices were reminiscent of traditional interval-style treatment regimens that rely heavily on macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics. Implications These results suggest a need for more strategic approaches to internal-parasite control in horses to slow the development of anthelmintic resistance. Such programs need to consider the risk of re-establishment of the pathogenic S. vulgaris in significant numbers.

scholarly journals Parasite control practices in Polish horse farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 683-686
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Raś-Noryńska ◽  
Rajmund Sokół
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Pyrantel Pamoate ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Horse Farms ◽  
High Level ◽  
Horse Owners

Virtually all horses in Poland receive periodically deworming treatment. In the view of emerging anthelmintic resistance it is important to know the current parasite control practices used by Polish horse owners. In order to assess the situation and analyze it in terms of the risk of drug resistance, a questionnaire survey was forwarded to 300 horse establishments. The response rate was 49.6%. The average number of deworming treatments in adult horses was determined at 2.1. and 2.8 for youngstock per calendar year. The most commonly used drugs were ivermectin, pyrantel pamoate and moxidectin. Almost 73% of respondents indicated that they take into consideration the resistance of parasites. However, only 4,03% of the responders regularly send faecal samples from all horses for parasitological examination. In ca. 92% of cases the person administrating the drug guessed the weight of the horse by the visual evaluation. Generally, little attention was payed to pasture hygiene and prevention of parasitic infection. The responses indicate high level of awareness among horse owners of the need to control parasites. It also show the large involvement of veterinarians as a source of advice about deworming practices, so we concluded that the most appropriate way to achieve improvement would be implementation of further education programmes for veterinarians.

Parasite control methods used by horse owners: factors predisposing to the development of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes

2000 ◽  
Vol 146 (17) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lloyd ◽  
J. Smith ◽  
R. M. Connan ◽  
M. A. Hatcher ◽  
T. R. Hedges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Horse Owners

scholarly journals How do sheep and beef farmers manage pasture quality?

2000 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
M.G. Lambert ◽  
M.S. Paine ◽  
G.W. Sheath ◽  
R.W. Webby ◽  
A.J. Litherlandr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Irrigation Drainage

Four groups of sheep and beef farmers located throughout New Zealand were asked questions relating to pasture quality management. Answers were grouped into themes. In answer to the question "what do you do to manage pasture quality", themes identified were manipulation of wholefarm feed demand throughout the year to match feed supply; use of specific grazing strategies; topping and mowing; cropping and regrassing; fertiliser application; weed and pest control; conservation and supplementation; monitoring, predicting and planning; irrigation, drainage and aeration; and internal parasite control. In answer to the question "what is pasture quality", themes identified were animal performance; chemical composition of the herbage; botanical and morphological composition of the herbage; factors affecting intake and utilisation; and anti-quality factors. Most management practices were designed to control the spring surplus or provide alternative high quality feed through cropping or regrassing. Keywords: current practices, farmers, management, pasture quality, sheep and beef

scholarly journals Preliminary Data from Six Years of Selective Anthelmintic Treatment on Five Horse Farms in France and Switzerland

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2395
Author(s):  
Liselore Roelfstra ◽  
Marion Quartier ◽  
Kurt Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Anthelmintic Treatment ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Small Strongyle ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Horse Farms

Anthelmintic resistance (AR) of small strongyle populations (cyathostomins) against products of the benzimidazole and tetrahydropyrimidine classes occurs now worldwide and there is an increasing number of reports also regarding macrocyclic lactones. Consequently, and in order to maintain an appropriate horse parasite control, alternative control schemes must be evaluated under field conditions. Here we present a six-year field study on the administration of the so-called selective or targeted selective anthelmintic treatment (SAT) concept. In this study on five horse farms in France and Switzerland, 757 fecal samples from 93 equids (90 horses, 3 ponies) have been taken twice a year (between early and late spring and between early and late autumn) from autumn 2014 to spring 2020 and processed by a McMaster technique. From a total of 757 samples, only 263 (34.7%) had a fecal egg count ≥200 EpG and needed an anthelmintic treatment. This small number of fecal samples ≥200 EpG demonstrates the considerable potential for a long-term reduction of the number of anthelmintic treatments and the anthelmintic pressure by using the SAT-programme.

Best Management Practices for Parasite Control in Beef Herds in the Southeastern United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
Christine B Navarre
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Beef Herds

Abstract The objective of this presentation is to outline best management practices for parasite control in beef herds in the Southeastern United States. The emergence of anthelmintic resistance in common gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of beef cattle necessitates a new approach. Short term economic gains from anthelmintic use must be balances with programs that foster long term sustainability of parasite control. An understanding of GIN biology combined with diagnostic testing is the foundation for developing control programs tailored to an individual farm. Incorporating refugia-based programs along with appropriate anthelmintic use will promote sustainable parasite control.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic Resistance and Associated Management Practices in Local Horses in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Abubakar Musa Mayaki ◽  
Fatimah Folashade Mohammed ◽  
Sherifat Banke Idris
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Faecal Egg Count ◽  
Worm Control ◽  
Horse Owners ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This study was carried out to assess the management practices used in the control of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes of horses and to determine the efficacy of three anthelmintics commonly used in Sokoto metropolis. A questionnaire was administered on management practices, while an anthelmintic efficacy test was carried out using 15 horses. The 15 horses were divided into three groups (A, B and C) comprising of 5 each and treated with albendazole, ivermectin and fenbendazole, respectively. The faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used to determine the efficacy and faecal culture was used to determine the parasite species. Majority of the respondents (80%) claimed to have worm control strategies, but only 32.5% used anthelmintics for the control of GI parasites. 62.5% of respondents designed their deworming plan, while only 25% relied on veterinarians. Most of the treatments were done by the horse owners and/or handlers and they largely depended on visual judgement in dosage determination. Their selection of anthelmintics was based on familiarity and 52.5% of the respondents dewormed their horses six times a year using a particular class of anthelmintic or herbal remedies. Resistance against albendazole as well as suspected resistance against fenbendazole by the GI nematodes identified was observed, while ivermectin demonstrated high efficacy against all nematodes isolated. In conclusion, a single dose of subcutaneous injection of ivermectin was highly effective against gastrointestinal parasites in horses, while the worm control strategies employed by respondents enhanced the selection of nematode resistance to albendazole and fenbendazole.

scholarly journals Surveying the management practices and research needs of graziers in the New England region of New South Wales

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 602 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kaine ◽  
B. Doyle ◽  
H. Sutherland ◽  
J. M. Scott
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Supplementary Feed

The inaugural committee of the Cicerone Project commissioned a survey of livestock producers in the New England region to determine the research problems and production practices which were of greatest importance to graziers. In addition, an assessment was made of the level of interest livestock producers had in participating in a proposed producer-led research and adoption project. The survey was mailed to livestock producers in five districts across the New England region during October and November 1997. The survey results concerning land and pasture management issues suggested that a majority of livestock producers in the New England region found the challenges of dry seasons, fertiliser use, pasture composition and pasture persistence to be major problems. A further issue identified was the problem of resistance to drenches used for internal parasite control in sheep. It was clear that producers depend largely on pastures as the primary feed source due to the high cost of supplementary feed. There was considerable interest in learning how to fill gaps in the feed supply, and the management of the feed supply through droughts. Thus, one desired focus of future studies was to explore management systems that might improve the productivity, resilience, stability and longevity of pastures in the New England region. In addition, a focus on grazing management and its effects on pastures and on internal parasite control was suggested by survey respondents. Of the 316 responses to the survey, 76% expressed interest in becoming involved in the Cicerone Project, confirming the desirability of forming a producer-led research and adoption network within the New England region. One hundred and eighty-one respondents expressed an interest in becoming partner members, 100 respondents indicated they were interested in having their farm included in a network, while 139 people were interested in attending regional workshops where further details about the nature of the Cicerone Project would be developed. The survey was clearly of interest to commercial-scale livestock producers as the average size of respondents’ sheep flocks and cattle herds was over 5000 and 500, respectively. The results of this survey provided empirical evidence to support the formation of the Cicerone Project, which was created in 1998 following the approval of a business plan by the primary funding agency, the Woolmark Co.

scholarly journals The Human–Horse Relationship: Identifying the Antecedents of Horse Owner Attitudes towards Horse Husbandry and Management Behaviour

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Hemsworth ◽  
Ellen C. Jongman ◽  
Grahame J. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Practical Recommendation ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
Management Behaviour ◽  
Horse Owner ◽  
And Training ◽  
Horse Owners ◽  
Behaviour Data

The welfare of recreational horses is an important issue. Horse owner attitudes towards horse ownership are likely to influence owner behaviour in terms of horse husbandry and management practices and human–horse interactions, which in turn are likely to affect the welfare of the horse. Based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour, this paper examines the relationships between horse owner attributes, specifically background factors (demographics, knowledge, and experience) and attitudes (beliefs) towards horse husbandry and management behaviour. Data were collected via a random telephone survey and during on-site inspections with Victorian horse owners and their horses (n = 57), using an attitude questionnaire. Relationships were found between horse owner background factors and horse owner attitudes towards horse husbandry and management behaviour. Generally, belief variables correlated significantly with background factors that were primarily related to knowledge and experience. Further, beliefs concerning three key husbandry practices (parasite control, hoof care, and dental care) all appear to be predicted to some degree by background factors associated with knowledge and experience. Therefore, a practical recommendation may be the implementation of education and training programs aimed at improving horse owner knowledge and experience regarding effective horse husbandry and management to promote horse welfare. Clearly, further research is warranted.

On-farm udder health monitoring

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
J. C. van Veersen ◽  
O. Sampimon ◽  
R. G. Olde Riekerink ◽  
T. J. G. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Clinical Problems

SummaryIn this article an on-farm monitoring approach on udder health is presented. Monitoring of udder health consists of regular collection and analysis of data and of the regular evaluation of management practices. The ultimate goal is to manage critical control points in udder health management, such as hygiene, body condition, teat ends and treatments, in such a way that results (udder health parameters) are always optimal. Mastitis, however, is a multifactorial disease, and in real life it is not possible to fully prevent all mastitis problems. Therefore udder health data are also monitored with the goal to pick up deviations before they lead to (clinical) problems. By quantifying udder health data and management, a farm is approached as a business, with much attention for efficiency, thought over processes, clear agreements and goals, and including evaluation of processes and results. The whole approach starts with setting SMART (Specific, Measurable, Acceptable, Realistic, Time-bound) goals, followed by an action plan to realize these goals.

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