Carcass composition and quality of meat from Pekin ducks finished on diets with varying levels of whole wheat grain

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kokoszynski ◽  
M. Kotowicz ◽  
A. Brudnicki ◽  
Z. Bernacki ◽  
P. D. Wasilewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Pekin Ducks ◽  
Whole Wheat

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of replacing part of a commercial feed mixture with whole wheat grain on the bodyweight, carcass composition and meat quality of Pekin ducks. A total of 160 1-day-old sexed SM3 Heavy hybrid ducks were used in the study. Two diets were given during the rearing period (36–49 days): (1) a complete commercial diet ad libitum, and (2) restricted amounts of a commercial diet (85%) and whole wheat grain (15%). Each treatment consisted of four replications of 20 birds each. Adding whole wheat grain to the ration resulted in no significant (P > 0.05) changes in bodyweight (3475.8 g), feed conversion ratio (0–49 days, 2.50 kg DM intake/kg liveweight gain) dressing percentage (70.1%) and carcass tissue composition in ducks at 49 days of age. Breast muscle (superficial pectoral muscle) from ducks fed the commercial diet and whole wheat grain was significantly (P < 0.05) lighter in colour (L* = 39.9 vs 38.0) and a deeper yellow colour (b* = 1.7 vs 0.8), as compared with that from birds receiving the complete commercial diet alone. Breast muscle (superficial pectoral muscle and profound pectoral muscle) also had significantly (P < 0.05) higher threonine (3.9 vs 5.1 g/100 g DM) and valine content (4.0 vs 5.0 g/100 g DM). However, leg muscle (thigh and drumstick muscles) from experimental ducks had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower content of crude fat (5.1% vs 4.2%) and collagen (1.5% vs. 1.1%), as well as less glutamic acid (14.2 vs 12.5), proline (3.5 vs 3.2), alanine (3.0 vs 2.5) and arginine (6.5 vs 5.6 g/100 g DM), as compared with the control birds.

Growth performance, carcass composition, leg bones, and digestive system characteristics in Pekin duck broilers fed a diet diluted with whole wheat grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-791
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kokoszyński ◽  
Mohamed Saleh ◽  
Zenon Bernacki ◽  
Tomasz Topoliński ◽  
Marek Andryszczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Pekin Duck ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Whole Wheat

A total of 270 Pekin ducks were reared for 49 d to determine the effect of feeding a diluted complete commercial wheat grain diet on live weight, feed intake and conversion, carcass, leg bone, and digestive system traits. Different feeding regimes had a significant effect on the body weight of the ducks aged 35 d and the feed conversion ratio in the period between days 22 and 35 of rearing. Dilution of a complete commercial diet with whole wheat grain had no significant influence on the final live weight (day 49), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio during the entire rearing period. Ducks fed a diet with whole wheat grain had a significantly higher dressing percentage after higher percentage of pectoral muscles, skin with subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat, as well as a significantly lower percentage of carcass remainders at the age of 49 d. Dilution of a complete commercial diet with whole wheat grain had no impact on the length of the respective intestinal sections nor on the weight and percentage share of gizzard, liver, heart, and spleen. However, it significantly lowered the fracture strength of the tibiotarsus, and decreased some dimensions of the femur and tibiotarsus.

scholarly journals Productive Performance and Egg and Meat Quality of Two Indigenous Poultry Breeds in Vietnam, Ho and Dong Tao, Fed on Commercial Feed

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Nguyen Van ◽  
Nassim Moula ◽  
Evelyne Moyse ◽  
Luc Do Duc ◽  
Ton Vu Dinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet

The objective of this work was the evaluation of the meat production and laying performances, and the meat and egg quality of two breeds of Vietnamese broiler chickens, Ho and Dong Tao, fed on a commercial diet. In a survey, we continuously recorded for 28 weeks, the data on the production performance and meat quality of 250 chicks from each breed. We investigated egg laying and egg quality using 36 Ho and 32 Dong Tao hens during 52 weeks of laying. The growth patterns were similar for the two breeds. Feed conversion ratios were also similar, and demonstrated the low efficiency of these two breeds when compared to commercial broilers. Slaughter age proved to affect several carcass yield characteristics, showing that slaughtering between 16 and 20 weeks might be better than at the usual age of 28 weeks. Yield, carcass composition and meat quality differed between the two studied breeds. The eggs production and number of embryonated eggs were low for the two breeds when compared to other breeds, with a lower hatching performance in Ho than in Dong Tao. In summary, the production performances of Ho and Dong Tao chickens were low, even when birds were fed a commercial diet. The study demonstrates the need to find ways to improve the production and reproduction performances of these animals, in order to contribute to the program of conservation and exploitation of these two breeds.

Effect of hypothyroidism on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality of fat-tailed Lori-Bakhtiari lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Baghcheghi ◽  
Ahmad Zare Shahneh ◽  
Mahdi Ganjkhanlou ◽  
Mahdi Khodaei Motlagh ◽  
Ali Reza Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Mild Hypothyroidism ◽  
Plasma Triiodothyronine

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of induction hypothyroidism by propylthiouracil (PTU) on the growth performance and meat quality of fat-tailed Lori-Bakhtiari lambs. Eighteen Lori-Bakhtiari male lambs were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 6) and received daily treatments (gavage) consisting of 0 (Control: C), 10 (Low: L) or 20 (High: H) mg PTU/kg bodyweight/day for 60 days. PTU decreased plasma triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentration in both L and H (P < 0.0001). Lambs treated with PTU (L and H) had lower feed intake (P < 0.004), feed conversion efficiency (P < 0.003), and greater intramuscular fat than C lambs (P < 0.035). Meat from the L and H lambs had lower cooking loss and shear force, and also higher L* (lightness) than C lambs (P < 0.004, P < 0.015 and P < 0.025, respectively). The meat of H and L lambs was more tender than C lambs (P < 0.032). However, the meat of H lambs required fewer chews before swallowing than C lambs (P < 0.041). Generally, induction of mild hypothyroidism appeared to improve feed conversion efficiency and meat quality of lambs.

scholarly journals Growth performance, body measurements, carcass composition and some internal organ characteristics in young Pekin ducks

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Steczny ◽  
D. Kokoszynski ◽  
Z. Bernacki ◽  
R. Wasilewski ◽  
M. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Pekin Duck ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Visceral Organs ◽  
Pekin Ducks ◽  
Males And Females

The aim of the study was to compare the bodyweight and body measurements, carcass composition, and characteristics of major visceral organs in male and female Pekin ducks. A total of 80 hybrid SM3 Heavy ducks were kept in a conventional building and fed complete commercial diets ad libitum. The male and female were weighed individually at one day old and their bodyweight and body measurements were determined at 21, 35 and 49 days of rearing. On day 49, 20 males and 20 females were chosen for slaughter. After slaughter, the carcasses and visceral organs were collected. No significant differences were observed between males and females in bodyweight (1 d, 58.6 vs 56.3 g to 49 d, 3518 vs 3433 g) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (0–49 d, 2.44 vs 2.49 kg/kg gain). At 35 days old males demonstrated a significantly longer body and shanks and, at 49 days old a significantly longer body than females. The sex of ducks had no significant effect on the percentage of wings, muscles from breast and legs, skin with subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat and carcass remainder. The neck content was significantly greater in male carcasses than female ones. The contents of proventriculus, liver, and spleen in the bodies of males and females were similar. Gizzard percentage was significantly greater in males, and heart percentage was significantly greater in females. Due to their high bodyweight, good FCR, and favourable carcass composition, SM3 Heavy male ducks are more useful as broiler duck than females.Keywords: carcasses, digestive system, growth, Pekin duck, sex

scholarly journals Carcass, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of meat from genetic reserve ducks after two reproductive seasons

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
D Kokoszyński ◽  
Z Bernacki ◽  
M Biegniewska ◽  
M Saleh ◽  
K Stęczny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Pekin Duck ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Pekin Ducks ◽  
Genetic Reserve ◽  
Wild Mallard

The aim of the study was to compare carcass composition and meat quality of i) Pekin ducks of French origin (P9), ii) crosses of wild mallard and Pekin duck (K2), and iii) crosses of Khaki Campbell drakes and Orpington Fauve ducks (KhO1). Twenty carcasses from 110-week-old ducks of each genetic group were used. Carcass weight of P9 was significantly higher than that of K2 and KhO1. Carcasses of K2 ducks had a significantly lower percentage of neck and leg muscles and giblet weight compared with P9 and KhO1 ducks, while carcasses of KhO1 ducks had a significantly higher percentage of wing meat compared with K2 and P9, and a significantly lower percentage of breast muscles compared with P9 ducks. Breast and leg muscles of P9 contained significantly more water than those of K2 and KhO1, and the breast muscles of P9 ducks had more protein and less fat than those of KhO1 birds. The leg muscles of KhO1 contained significantly more protein, and those of K2 had significantly more fat than the other duck groups. Breast muscles of P9 and KhO1 ducks had significantly more collagen but had less in leg muscles compared with K2. Breast fillets from P9 ducks showed higher L*, a*, and b* colour values and shear force than K2 and KhO1 ducks. Keywords: carcass composition, conservation flocks, meat quality, spent duck

scholarly journals Effects of Probiotic (Lactobacillus spp) Mixed with Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta) on Growth Performances and Meat Quality of Cherry Valley Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Al Syifaa Hassan ◽  
Connie Fay Komilus
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Cherry Valley Duck ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that had been used in poultry industry as alternative sources for antibiotic. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of probiotic mixed with cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta) on Cherry Valley Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. Lactobacillus spp. was used in this experiment to see its effectiveness in enhancing quality of cassava leaves as potential feed towards optimum growth performance of ducks like body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics and meat quality. 34 tails of Cherry Valley ducks aged 14 days with average weight of 500 g were randomly assigned to four treatments in triplicates. Treatments for the 35 days feeding trial were T1 at 0% probiotic + 75% commercial diet + 25% cassava leaves (control), T2 (0.15% probiotic + 75% commercial diet + 25% cassava leaves), T3 (0.30% probiotic + 75% commercial diet + 25% cassava leaves) and T4 (0.45% probiotic + 75% commercial diet + 25% cassava leaves) respectively. Proximate analysis was also conducted to determine nutritional content like protein, lipid, moisture, ash and fiber. Results show that supplementation of probiotic at 0.15% Lactobacillus spp. into 25% of cassava leaves and 75% commercial pellet gave highest body weight gain (BWG), low feed conversion ratio (FCR), highest carcass yield and good meat quality. It can be concluded that inclusion of probiotic at 0.15% in cassava leaves as duck’s diet gives good growth performance and may become an alternative super diet for duck in future.

scholarly journals Kaempferitrin improves meat quality of broiler chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
H.-B. Xiao ◽  
J. Fang ◽  
Z.-L. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Meat Colour

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) may promote adipose formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of kaempferitrin, a 3,7-diglycosyl flavone, on meat quality in broiler chickens and the mechanisms involved. One thousand two hundred broiler chickens were offered commercial diet that was supplemented with 0.0 (control), 0.1, 0.3, or 0.9% kaempferitrin, respectively. After 42 days, kaempferitrin (0.3 or 0.9%) treatment significantly increased the lightness of meat colour. Kaempferitrin (0.3 or 0.9%) supplementation decreased breast muscle drip loss, breast muscle crude fat, breast muscle malondialdehyde level, and hepatic Angptl3 mRNA expression. The present results suggest that kaempferitrin improves meat quality by decreasing expression of Angptl3 in broiler chickens. &nbsp;

Response of broilers to three different commercial feeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
R. Olajide ◽  
A. O Kareem ◽  
K. D. Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Commercial Feeds ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Poultry farmers who rely on commercial feeds sourced from the market always suffer some forms of financial loss due to sub-standard nature of such feeds. The normal practice is to formulate a balanced diet and compound the feeds with good quality ingredients. These conditions are not always within the control of the farmers who rely on buying finished feeds from the market. There is dearth of information on the quality of these common types of feedsin the market with the aim of recommending the best to the farmers. This study was therefore, carried out to examine the response of broilers to three commercial feeds at the starter and finisher phases. One hundred and eighty 1-day-old unsexed Marshal broilers at three replicates of twenty birds each were used for the study; and lasted for eight weeks. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. The performance, carcass, haematological and biochemicalparameters of the experimental birds were measured. The three diets were tagged Diets 1, 2 and 3 each representing a treatment. The average final live weight (AFLW), daily weight gain (ADWG), daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by the feed types (dietary treatments). The highest AFLW (758.37g/b) was obtained for broiler starters fed Diet 2 compared to 689.60g/b (Diet 1) and 263.37g/b (Diet3). The ADWG followed the same trend with birds fed Diet 2 having the highest value (25.67g/b) compared with 23.22g/b (Diet 1) and 8.00g/b (Diet 3). The ADFI (starters) were 72.88, 80.36 and 62.20g/b respectively for birds fed Diets 1, 2 and 3. The corresponding ADFI (g/b/d) for the finishers were 133.63 (Diet 1), 177.53 (Diet 2) and 58.57 (Diet 3); and ADWG (g/b/d) 42.49 (Diet 1), 51.79 (Diet 2) and 8.57 (Diet 3). Diet 2 gave the best performance in terms of weight gain, followed by Diet 1 and Diet 3 in that order for the finishers. However, the average cost per kg weight gain of the birds for the 2 phases were ? 307.88 (Diet 1), ? 309.29 (Diet 2), and ? 582.74 (Diet 3). All the carcass (live weight, bled weight, plucked weight, eviscerated weight, dressed weight and abdominal fat); and internal organs such as heart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, intestine and proventriculus were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by dietary treatments. The RBC, Hb, Basophils, total protein, albumin and globulin differed significantly (P < 0.05) across the diets. It can be concluded that birds fed Diet 1 gavethe best overall economic, carcass, haematology and serological performance. Commercial Diet (feed) 1 is therefore recommended for broiler farmers.

scholarly journals The growth and meat quality of Siamese catfish fed different level of protein

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Novieanto Purnomo ◽  
Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo ◽  
Zafril Imran Azwar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Protein Diets

<p class="BasicParagraph" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph">This study was to evaluate growth performance and meat quality of Siamese catfish <em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus </em>fed on commercial diets with different protein levels. Fish with average initial body weight of 33,61 g were reared in hapa (2×2×1 m<sup>3</sup>) at density of 30 ind/hapa. Fish were hand-fed with experimental diet to satiety twice daily for 60 days. Experimental design was set in completely randomized design. Each treatment was done in triplicates. Experimental diets were a commercial diet to contain four differennt levels of protein; i.e. diet A (18%), diet B (23%), diet C (28%), and diet D (32%). Specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein (RP) and lipid (RL) retention, hepatosomatic index (HSI), lipid and glycogen content of liver, protein and lipid content of meat, edible portion, and fillet textural were calculated. The results of the experiment showed that the highest weight gain and SGR, lowest FCR and meat protein were obtained in the group of fish fed 23%–32% protein diets. In conclusion, 23% protein diets gave the best growth performance and meat quality of Siamese catfish.</p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph">Keywords : growth performance, meat quality, commercial diet, <em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em></p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan dan kualitas daging ikan patin siam <em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em> yang diberi pakan komersial dengan kandungan protein berbeda. Ikan patin yang digunakan dengan bobot awal 33,61 g ditebar sebanyak 30 ekor/hapa ukuran 2×1×1 m<sup>3</sup> dan ikan diberi pakan percobaan dua kali sehari secara <em>at satiation </em>selama 60 hari. Penelitian ini didesain dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Pakan yang digunakan adalah pakan komersial dengan empat kandungan protein yang berbeda: pakan A (18%), pakan B (23%), pakan C (28%), dan pakan D (32%). Parameter uji pada penelitian ini adalah laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR), rasio konversi pakan (FCR), retensi protein (RP), retensi lemak (RL), indeks hepatosomatik (HSI), lemak dan glikogen hati, protein dan lemak daging, serta tekstur daging. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan bobot tubuh, SGR tertinggi, FCR terendah, dan protein daging diperoleh pada perlakuan protein pakan 23%–32%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan protein pakan 23% memberikan kinerja pertumbuhan dan kualitas daging ikan terbaik.</p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p>Kata kunci: kinerja pertumbuhan, kualitas daging, pakan komersial, <em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em></p>

Dietary arginine from 15 to 35 days of age affects feed intake and carcass yield in White Pekin ducks

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Ming Xie ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Jun-Ying Yu ◽  
Yu-Long Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Pekin Ducks ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Total Muscle

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary arginine (ARG) provided from 15 to 35 days of age on the feed intake and carcass yield of White Pekin ducks. Sixty 14-day-old White Pekin ducks were allotted to one of three dietary treatments, with 10 males and 10 females per treatment. Birds were kept individually and fed diets containing 0.60, 0.85 or 1.70% ARG for 3 weeks. Ducks that were fed the diet containing 1.70% ARG had greater bodyweight gain (P < 0.05), higher feed intake (P < 0.05), and a lower feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) than those fed the diet containing 0.60% ARG. The hypothalamic contents of neuropeptide Y and leptin at 35 days of age were not affected by dietary ARG levels. Breast muscle yield increased with each increment of dietary ARG content (P < 0.05), and birds fed the diet containing 1.70% ARG had highest leg muscle yield (P < 0.05) and total muscle yield (P < 0.05); in contrast, the abdominal fat yield was not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary ARG. No interaction between dietary ARG level and sex was observed for the above mentioned indices (P > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary ARG supplementation promoted appetite without changing the concentrations of neuropeptide Y or leptin in hypothalamus, and ARG supplementation stimulated muscle growth, especially breast muscle growth, in growing White Pekin ducks of both sexes.

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